The rate of the prevalence of high-risk pregnancies and the results on pregnant mothers and the effect on parameters after the birth

Pregnancy causes large physiologic changes in most body systems and these changes may lead to ease or harden examining some events. The purpose of this study is to define the rate of risk in pregnant women and the results in mother and fetus and also to define the risk rate of pregnancy in pregnant women and its effect on parameters after birth in patients of Educational and Medical center of Gorgan, Dezyani. This case - control study was performed in Educational and Medical Center Dezyany, of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 1390. In this study, 1266 pregnant women were enrolled of which 804 cases (63.5%) according to the criteria for scoring in the questionnaire with a score greater than or equal to 7 were considered as high risk pregnancies (case group), 462 patients (36.5%) were considered as low-risk pregnancies (control group). Parameters after the birth and pregnancy results such as delivery type, infant difficulties, mother health after labor were compared and analyzed by T-test and ANOVA in both groups. About the history of infertility almost 80% of the people who had a 2-year history of infertility were in high-risk group and the difference was significant. (P = 0.02) About the history of abortion also almost 90% of the people who had a 2-year history of abortion were in highrisk group and the difference was significant. (P<0.05) Post-term infant was found in 77 cases that were entirely in high-risk group. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). According to results and comparing them to other studies we can conclude that pregnant mothers who have pregnancy difficulties history such as history of abortion or infertility, visits during pregnancy should be paid attention and warn them about the risk of not being visited and timely pursuits

Comparison of efficacy Ephedrine and phenylephrine in Postoperative Vomiting in Cesarean section

Introduce: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) still is the most big problem event encountered in the PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit), despite advances in prevention and treatment. The incidence of PONV has remained high and has a major negative impact on patient satisfaction about the overall surgical experience. Method: In double-blind, clinical trial, 104 patients were undergoing cesarean section was randomizing into two groups: Group P (100μg Phenylephrine) and Group E (6μg Ephedrine). We compared the Vomiting parameters between the two groups. Result: Patients in the recovery were compared in 2 groups regarding occurrence of vomiting that no statistical difference between two group (P >0.05). The results show that vomiting was seen in ASA1, and in ASA2 no vomiting was observed. The incidence of vomiting was 2 patients in young group and 1 patient in middle-aged group. The incidence of vomiting was 2 patients in slim group, 1 in moderate group and no sign of vomiting has been seen in the obese group. Conclusion: We conclude that ephedrine is the best drug for antiemetic prophylaxis before cesarean surgery based on cost and lack of side effects

Synthetic dye decolorization by three sources of fungal laccase

Decolorization of six synthetic dyes using three sources of fungal laccase with the origin of Aspergillus oryzae, Trametes versicolor, and Paraconiothyrium variabile was investigated. Among them, the enzyme from P. variabile was the most efficient which decolorized bromophenol blue (100%), commassie brilliant blue (91%), panseu-S (56%), Rimazol brilliant blue R (RBBR; 47%), Congo red (18.5%), and methylene blue (21.3%) after 3 h incubation in presence of hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT; 5 mM) as the laccase mediator. It was also observed that decolorization efficiency of all dyes was enhanced by increasing of HBT concentration from 0.1 mM to 5 mM. Laccase from A. oryzae was able to remove 53% of methylene blue and 26% of RBBR after 30 min incubation in absence of HBT, but the enzyme could not efficiently decolorize other dyes even in presence of 5 mM of HBT. In the case of laccase from T. versicolor, only RBBR was decolorized (93%) in absence of HBT after 3 h incubation. © 2012 Forootanfar et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Occult intraspinal abnormalities and congenital scoliosis

Background: Congenital scoliosis occurs because of either the failure of formation or the failure of segmentation or both. Evaluation of the incidence and the types of occult intraspinal abnormalities in congenital scoliosis is the subject of this study. Methods: During a period of 29 years, 103 patients with congenital scoliosis were studied. MRI was used in 46 patients, myelography or CT myelography was used in 64 patients and both MRI and myelography or CT myelography were used in 7 patients for intraspinal abnormalities. Results: In the MRI group, among the 46 patients, 19 patients (41.3) had intraspinal abnormalities consisting syringomyelia in 9 (19.5) diastematomyelia in 8 (17.4), tethered cord syndrome in 6 (13), low conus in 5 (10.8) and diplomyelia in 3 (6.5) of the patients. In the myelography group, among the 64 patients, 17 (26.5) had intraspinal abnormalities and diastematomyelia was the most common one found in 14 (21.8) patients. Conclusions: Intraspinal abnormalities are frequent in congenital scoliosis. Syringomyelia may be associated with congenital scoliosis. In congenital scoliosis, rib fusion may be an indicator of intraspinal abnormalities in MRI. A significant difference between clinical findings and intraspinal anomalies (P<0.05) was noted. Moreover, we believe that total spinal MRI with coronal, sagittal and axial views is a valuable tool in determining the intraspinal abnormalities in congenital scoliosis. This method is highly recommended for detection and neurosurgical intervention before corrective surgeries

multimodal imaging in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue calcinosis

Soft tissue calcinosis is a common radiographic finding, which may be related to different types of pathological processes. Multimodality imaging, combined with analysis of clinical and laboratory data, plays an important role for the differential diagnosis of these conditions. Conventional radiography is considered the first line approach to soft tissue calcinosis; CT and MRI may provide further information to better characterize calcified deposits. Imaging may help to distinguish metabolic calcification, such as primary tumoral calcinosis and the secondary one (associated with acquired disorders of calcium or phosphate regulation), from dystrophic calcification, which is associated to normal blood values of phosphate. The sedimentation sign typical of tumoral calcinosis has been demonstrated by plain film radiography, CT, MRI, and, more recently, by ultrasonography. Other types of soft tissue calcinosis may have a degenerative, metaplastic or neoplastic origin, and their characterization strongly relies on multimodality imaging

Immobilization of Thermoalkalophilic Lipase from Bacillus atrophaeus FSHM2 on Amine-Modified Graphene Oxide Nanostructures: Statistical Optimization and Its Application for Pentyl Valerate Synthesis

Synthesis of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, statistical optimization of conditions for immobilization of Bacillus atrophaeus lipase (BaL) on as-synthesized support, and application of the immobilized BaL for esterification of valeric acid were carried out in this investigation. The optimum specific activity of the immobilized BaL (81.60 ± 0.28 U mg�1) was achieved at 3 mg mL�1 of GO-NH2, 50 mM of phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 60 min sonication time, 100 mM glutaraldehyde, 25 U mL�1 of enzyme, and 8 h immobilization time at 4 °C. The immobilized BaL retained about 90 of its initial activity after 10 days of storage. Moreover, about 70 of the initial activity of the immobilized BaL was retained after 10 cycles of application. The results of esterification studies exhibited that maximum pentyl valerate synthesis using the free BaL (34.5) and the immobilized BaL (92.7) occurred in the organic solvent medium (xylene) after 48 h of incubation at 60 °C. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

Optimization of immobilization conditions of Bacillus atrophaeus FSHM2 lipase on maleic copolymer coated amine-modified graphene oxide nanosheets and its application for valeric acid esterification

The thermoalkalophilic lipase from Bacillus atrophaeus (BaL) was immobilized onto amine-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets coated with the poly (maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) copolymer (GO-NH2-PMAO) and activated with glutaraldehyde as spacer arm through interfacial activation and subsequent multipoint covalent attachment. Experimental design method was applied for optimization of immobilization conditions including GO-NH2-PMAO concentration, buffer concentration, pH, sonication time, enzyme concentration, glutaraldehyde concentration, time, and temperature. The optimum specific activity of the immobilized BaL (105.95 ± 2.37 U/mg) reached at 5 mg/mL for GO-NH2-PMAO, 25 mM of buffer, pH 6.0, 60 min sonication time, 100 mM glutaraldehyde, 60 U/mL of enzyme, and 4 h of immobilization time at 25 °C, which was very close to the predicted amount (106.08 ± 1.42 U/mg). Maximum immobilization yield (81.35) and efficiency (277.63) were determined in optimal immobilization conditions. The obtained results clearly indicated that the immobilized BaL exhibited better stability at extreme temperature and pH than the free BaL. At temperature of 90 °C and pH 11, more than 90 of the initial activity of the immobilized BaL was retained. Furthermore, the immobilized BaL retained about 90 of its initial activity after 10 days of storage and 6 cycles of application. The esterification studies showed that maximum bioconversion of valeric acid to pentyl valerate using the free BaL (34.5) and the immobilized BaL (96.3) occurred in the xylene medium after 48 h of incubation at 60 °C. Therefore, the BaL immobilized on GO-NH2-PMAO was introduced as an effective biocatalyst to synthesize green apple flavour ester. © 202

Lipase@zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-90: A highly stable and recyclable biocatalyst for the synthesis of fruity banana flavour

A zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-90) has been synthesized through solvothermal method. The structure was characterized by means of FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The synthesized ZIF-90 was applied as a support for immobilization of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL). The immobilized enzyme (PPL@ZIF-90) exhibited immobilization yield and efficiency of 66 ± 1.8 and 89 ± 1.4, respectively. The pH and thermal stability of PPL was improved after immobilization and the initial activity was retained at about 57 after 20 days of storage at 4 °C for PPL@ZIF-90. Moreover, about 57 of the original activity was remained following 10 cycles of application. In Michaelis-Menten kinetic studies, Km value for PPL@ZIF-90 was lower, while, the Vmax was higher than free PPL. Moreover, optimized conditions to produce fruity banana flavour upon esterification of butyric acid were investigated. The optimum esterification yield was 73.79 ± 1.31 in the presence of 245 mg PPL@ZIF-90, alcohol/acid ratio of 2.78 and 39 h reaction time. PPL@ZIF-90 showed 39 relative esterification yield after six cycles of reuse. The results suggested that PPL@ZIF-90 can be used as a potential effective biocatalyst for synthesis of isoamyl butyrate. © 202

Labeled projective dictionary pair learning: application to handwritten numbers recognition

Dictionary learning was introduced for sparse image representation. Today, it is a cornerstone of image classification. We propose a novel dictionary learning method to recognise images of handwritten numbers. Our focus is to maximise the sparse-representation and discrimination power of the class-specific dictionaries. We, for the first time, adopt a new feature space, i.e., histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), to generate dictionary columns (atoms). The HOG features robustly describe fine details of hand-writings. We design an objective function followed by a minimisation technique to simultaneously incorporate these features. The proposed cost function benefits from a novel class-label penalty term constraining the associated minimisation approach to obtain class-specific dictionaries. The results of applying the proposed method on various handwritten image databases in three different languages show enhanced classification performance (∼98%) compared to other relevant methods. Moreover, we show that combination of HOG features with dictionary learning enhances the accuracy by 11% compared to when raw data are used. Finally, we demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves comparable results to that of existing deep learning models under the same experimental conditions but with a fraction of parameters