Free-text keystroke dynamics authentication for Arabic language

This study introduces an approach for user authentication using free-text keystroke dynamics which incorporates text in Arabic language. The Arabic language has completely different characteristics to those of English. The approach followed in this study involves the use of the keyboard's key-layout. The method extracts timing features from specific key-pairs in the typed text. Decision trees were exploited to classify each of the users' data. In parallel for comparison, support vector machines were also used for classification in association with an ant colony optimisation feature selection technique. The results obtained from this study are encouraging as low false accept rates and false reject rates were achieved in the experimentation phase. This signifies that satisfactory overall system performance was achieved by using the typing attributes in the proposed approach, while typing Arabic text

Binary systems and their nuclear explosions

Peer ReviewedPreprin

Reinvestigation on Sahnipushpam Shukla from the Deccan Intertrappean sediments of Madhya Pradesh, India

Approximately seventy specimens of Sahnipushpam deposited at the repository of the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow were studied. It was observed that the flower was described upside down by the earlier workers. The receptacle designated by them is in fact the upper part of the multilocular ovary, the basal part of hypanthium is lysigenous and without any vascular supply should also be the upper part. Structures previously interpreted as stamens are actually lacerated lower parts of the hypanthium. The pollen grains described previously are not in situ but fungal spores. The presence of bracts surrounding the peltate plate could only be explained by assuming that these were the basal part of the flower. In view of these observations, Sahnipushpam is emended here to accommodate the female flower and the post fertilized ovary in various stages of fruit formation

Oldest known non-marine diatoms (Aulacoseira) from the uppermost Cretaceous Deccan Intertrappean beds and Lameta formation of India

Non-marine diatoms occur in the Deccan Intertrappean beds (Upper Cretaceous) of Mohgaon-Kalan, Chhindwara District, Madhya Pradesh and Pisdura, Lameta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Maharashtra, India. This represents the oldest record of non-marine diatoms yet reported and the oldest from the Indian subcontinent. The diatoms were recovered from thin sections of chert and dinosaur coprolites by random fracturing. Solitary forms are the most common but colonial filaments up to five cells were also observed. Based on the morphological characters, the diatoms are identified as Aulacoseira Thwaites. The Lower Cretaceous marine diatom genus Archepyrgus Gersonde and Harwood also resembles Aulacoseira in general morphological characters and it seems that Aulacoseira evolved from Archepyrgus and migrated to the non-marine realm

First mammal and additional fossil flowers from the Kasauli formation, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh

The Kasauli Formation represents the initial stage of development of the foreland basin in response to the rising Himalaya. Here we report for the first time, a mammal (Rhinoceratidae, gen. et sp. indet) and some new taxa of fossil flowers from two localities, Shiv Mandir and Water Tank. The Kasauli Formation comprises of a grey/green, sometimes highly carbonaceous shale and massive grey/green sandstone sequence which so far has lacked an age-diagnostic biotic assemblage. The presence of a rhinoceratid, commonly known from other coeval sections of the Lower Murree in Pakistan and the Kalakot region, suggests the potential of finding suitable palaeontological temporal constraints for the fossil-bearing horizons. Two new taxa of fossil flowers, Kasaulipushpam and Trilobanthus are described. The present data suggests the presence of a well-watered landscape during Kasauli times in sharp contrast to more arid condition in the underlying Dagshai Formation which is predominantly red in colour

Optimisation du cycle de vie de la Pravastatine avec la mise sur le marché de Pravadual®, premier traitement préventif combiné destiné au patient coronarien

REIMS-BU Santé (514542104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Dinosaur coprolites from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Formation of India: isotopic and other markers suggesting a C₃ plant diet

A single locality of the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Formation at Pisdura in Central India has yielded a large number of coprolites attributed to titanosaurian dinosaurs. Internally the coprolites are dark grey and contain abundant plant tissues and other organic materials. The plant tissues are mostly of gymnospermous origin. In addition, remains of bacterial colonies, fungal spores and algae are seen in the macerated fraction under scanning electron microscope. The dark grey appearance is probably attributable to fine-grained organic matter within voids in tracheids or xylem. The average C-13/C-12 ratio of the organic matter in the coprolites is -24parts per thousand (relative to PDB) suggesting that plants of C-3 type were the main diet of their producers. A comparison of delta(15)N value (about 4parts per thousand w.r.t. air) of the coprolites with that of faecal matter of modern herbivores and carnivores suggests that gut fermentation may not have been an active mechanism in the digestion process of titanosaurs. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd