Tolerance to stress in wheat

Achieving tolerance to stress is one of the main objectives of wheat breeding, and genes or chromosomal regions with positive effects on tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses need to be identified. The interaction between defence signaling pathways mediated by several phythormones is an important mechanism for regulating defence responses against various types of pathogens and herbivories. The response of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum (2n=6x=42) to greenbug attack or to exogenous application of the stress-induced hormones ethylene (E), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA) or ABA was analysed. In recent years, several components regulating the cross-talk between SA, JA and ET pathways have been identified. Treatment of plants with these hormones results in enhanced resistance to biotic challenge. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are not well understood. Some of the main wheat physiological pathways affected by the cross-talk between biotic stress and stress-induced hormones are described below.Fil: Castro, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Tocho, Erica Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Tacaliti Terlera, María Silvia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Barragán, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bottini, Ambrosio Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Snape, John. John Innes Centre; Reino Unid

Influencia de la evolución de las herramientas informáticas en la determinación y presentación del impuesto al valor agregado en la provincia de Mendoza desde el año 2000 al 2019

La tecnología se ha vuelto una parte muy importante en nuestras vidas y, en un mundo tan globalizado como el actual, es indispensable no perder de vista todas las herramientas informáticas con las que contamos para facilitar nuestra vida en varios aspectos, especialmente, en el ámbito laboral.El objetivo de este trabajo es recolectar toda la información disponible sobre la evolución de las herramientas informáticas que ayudan al contador público nacional a ser más eficiente en las tareas de liquidación y presentación del Impuesto al Valor Agregado e investigar cómo dicha evolución ha impactado en tal profesión. Con este fin, la pregunta de investigación se resume en lo siguiente: ¿De qué forma la evolución de las herramientas informáticas ha impactado al contador público nacional en la liquidación y presentación del Impuesto al Valor Agregado desde el año 2000 al año 2019? Con esta investigación se logra unificar información de casi dos décadas de evolución tecnológica en un mismo material que brinda toda la nformación necesaria para los aspectos mencionados anteriormente. La pregunta de investigación se responde a través de entrevistas a contadores profesionales de tres generaciones distintas para indagar sobre los diversos impactos que ha tenido la evolución tecnológica según la edad, la experiencia y muchos otros factores. Además, se recopiló información de la Administración Federal de Ingresos Públicos, la cual brinda instructivos que resultan de utilidad para el análisis del impuesto que se aborda. Este trabajo de investigación, como ya se mencionó, abarca desde el año 2000 al año 2019; sin embargo, como vivimos en una era cambiante, dinámica y globalizada, es necesario que este tipo de investigaciones se realicen constantemente. De esta forma, el profesional podría acceder a material actualizado sobre la tecnología que necesita para llevar a cabo todas sus tareas y ser lo más eficiente posible.Fil: Alaniz, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Ambrosio, Mariano Iván. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Curello, Camila Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Fredes, Ana Paula. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Screening a variable germplasm collection of Cucumis melo L. for seedling resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina

[EN] We evaluate the seedling resistance to charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in ninety-seven Cucumis melo accessions, from different geographical origins and five F1 generations, derived from crosses of five accessions selected for their resistance. Artificial inoculations with the toothpick method, previously reported to be useful for predicting shoot resistance, were performed, and plants were scored using a scale of disease severity. The average disease severity was calculated for each accession and was used to cluster the accession in five reaction classes. The screening revealed that sources of natural resistance to this fungus are limited. However, seedlings of seven accessions of different botanic groups displayed a resistant response to the stem inoculation, one cantaloup from Israel, one conomon accession from Korea, two wild agrestis and one acidulus from Africa, and two dudaim accessions from Middle East. The response of the F1 progenies varied from susceptibility to high resistance, the latter in progenies from the two agrestis wild types. These results suggest differences in the genetic basis of the resistance in the different selected sources. The resistant accessions are suggested to be screened under field conditions to confirm the level of resistance at adult plant stage and under stressful conditions.This work has been partially funded by the Project No 294/13 of the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior CAPES (Brazil). M. M. Q. Ambrosio and A. C. A. Dantas thank CAPES for their research fellowships. B.Pico thanks the Programa Hispano-Brasileno de Cooperacion Universitaria HBP2012-008 and PHBP14/00021 and to the MINECO project AGL2014-53398-C2-2-R.Ambrosio, MM.; Dantas, AC.; Martinez Perez, EM.; Medeiros, AC.; Sousa Nunes, GHD.; Picó Sirvent, MB. (2015). Screening a variable germplasm collection of Cucumis melo L. for seedling resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina. Euphytica. 206(2):287-300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-015-1452-xS2873002062Aegerter BJ, Gordon TR, Davis RM (2000) Occurrence and pathogenicity of fungi associated with melon root rot and vine decline in California. Plant Dis 84:224–230Almeida AMR, Abdelnoor RV, Arias CAA, Carvalho VP, Jacoud Filho DS, Marin SRR, Benato LC, Pinto MC, Carvalho CGP (2003) Genotypic diversity among Brazilian isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina revealed by RAPD. Fitopatol Bras 28:279–285Almeida AMRA, Seixas CDSS, Farias JRBF, Oliveira MCN, Franchini JC, Debiasi H, Costa JM, Gaudêncio CA (2014) Macrophomina phaseolina em soja. Embrapa Soja, Londrina, p 30pAmbrósio MMQ, Bueno CJ, Padovani CR, Souza NL (2009) Sobrevivência de fungos fitopatogênicos habitantes do solo, em microcosmo, simulando solarização com prévia incorporação de materiais orgânicos. Summa Phytopathol 35(1):20–25Andrade DEGT, Michereff SJ, Biondi CM, Nascimento CWA, Sales R Jr (2005) Frequência de fungos associados ao colapso do meloeiro e relação com características físicas, químicas e microbiológicas dos solos. Summa Phytopathol 31(4):327–333Bedendo IP (2011) Podridões de raiz e de colo. In: Amorin L, Rezende JAM, Bergamin Filho A (eds) Manual de Fitopatologia: Princípios e conceitos. Agronômica Ceres, São Paulo, pp 443–448Bramel-Cox PJ, Stein IS, Rodgers DM, Claflin LE (1988) Inheritance of resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. and Fusarium moniliforme Sheldom in Sorghum. Crop Sci 28(1):37–40Bruton BD, Miller E (1997) Occurrence of vine decline diseases of melons in Honduras. Plant Dis 81(6):696Bruton BD, Jeger MD, Reuveni R (1987) Macrophomina phaseolina infection and vine decline in cantaloupe in relation to planting date, soil environment, and maturation. Plant Dis 71(3):259–263Burger Y, Katzir N, Tzuri G, Portnoy V, Saar U, Shriber S, Perl-Treves R, Cohen R (2003) Variation in the response of melon genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis race 1 determined by inoculation tests and molecular markers. Plant Pathol 52:204–211Chamorro M, Miranda L, Domínguez P, Medina JJ, Soria C, Romero F, López Aranda JM, De los Santos B (2015) Evaluation of biosolarization for the control of charcoal rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) in strawberry. Crop Prot 67:279–286Cohen R (1993) A leaf disk assay for detection of resistance of melons to Sphaerotheca fuliginea race 1. Plant Dis 77(5):513–517Cohen R, Katzir N, Schreiber S, Greenberg R (1996) Occurrence of Shaerotheca fuliginea Race 3 on Cucurbits in Israel. Plant Dis 80:334Cohen R, Omari N, Porat A, Edelstein M (2012) Management of Macrophomina wilt in melons using grafting or fungicide soil application: pathological, horticultural and economical aspects. Crop Prot 35:58–63Cohen R, Tyutyunik J, Fallik E, Oka Y, Tadmor Y, Edelstein M (2014) Phytopathological evaluation of exotic watermelon germplasm as a basic for rootstock breeding. Sci Hortic 165:203–210Dantas AMM, Ambrósio MMQ, Nascimento SRC, Senhor RF, Cézar MA, Lima JSS (2013) Incorporation of plant materials in the control of root pathogens in mushmelon. Revista Agro@ambiente on-line 7(3):338–344Davis RM, Turini TA, Aegerter BJ, Stapleton JJ (2009) Cucurbits charcoal rot, pathogen: Macrophomina phaseolina. UC IPM online. http://www.totoagriculture.org/PDFs/PlantDiseasesPests/1026.pdf . Accessed 25 Feb 2015Dias RCS, Picó B, Espinos A, Nuez F (2004) Resistance to melón vine decline derived from Cucumis melo ssp. agrestis: genetic analysis of root structure and root response. Plant Breed 123:66–72Diourte M, Starr JL, Jegger MJ, Stack JP, Rosenow DT (1995) Charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) resistance and the effect of water stress on disease development in Sorghum. 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BMC Genomic 13(493):1–16Jacob CJ, Krarup C, Díaz A, Latorre BA (2013) A severe outbreak of charcoal rot in cantaloupe melon caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in Chile. Plant Dis 97(1):141Kaur S, Dhillon GS, Brar SK, Vallad GE, Chand R, Chauhan VB (2012) Emerging phytopathogen Macrophomina phaseolina: biology, economic importance and current diagnostic trends. Crit Rev Microbiol 38(1):136–151Keeling A (1982) Seedling test for resistance to soybean stem canker caused by diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora. Phytopathology 72(7):807–809Khan SN (2007) Macrophomina phaseolina as causal agent for charcoal rot of sunflower. Mycopath 5(2):111–118Khan SH, Shuaib M (2007) Identification of sources of resistance in Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) against Charcoal Rot Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Afr Crop Sci 8:2101–2102Krikun J, Orion D, Nachmias A, Reuveni R (1982) The role of soilborne pathogens under conditions of intensive agricultura. 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Inoculation of cucumber, melón and zucchini varieties with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and evaluation of infection using different methods

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Figás-Moreno, MDR.; Alfaro Fernández, AO.; Font San Ambrosio, MI.; Borràs Palomares, D.; Casanova-Calancha, C.; Hurtado Ricart, M.; Plazas Ávila, MDLO.... (2017). Inoculation of cucumber, melón and zucchini varieties with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and evaluation of infection using different methods. Annals of Applied Biology. 170(3):405-414. doi:10.1111/aab.12344, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12344. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] The disease caused by Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), which is naturally transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, causes important economic losses in cucurbit crops. The availability of simple and efficient inoculation protocols and detection methods is necessary for screening varieties and germplasm collections as well as for breeding populations. We evaluated the infectivity of ToLCNDV inocula prepared using three different buffers for mechanical sap inoculation in a susceptible variety of zucchini. We found that inoculum prepared with buffer III, which contains polyvinylpyrrolidone, is highly efficient for mechanical inoculation, with 100% of plants displaying severe symptoms 21 days post-inoculation. Using this buffer, we mechanically inoculated 19 commercial varieties of cucurbit crops (six of cucumber, six of melon and seven of zucchini), evaluated the evolution of symptoms and diagnosed infection using nine different ToLCNDV detection methods (four based on serology, four based on molecular hybridization and one based on PCR detection). The results revealed that all varieties are susceptible, although cucumber varieties display less severe symptoms than those of melon or zucchini. All detection methods were highly efficient (more than 85% of plants testing positive) in melon and zucchini, but in cucumber, the percentage of positive plants detected with serology and molecular hybridization methods ranged from 20.4% with Squash leaf curl virus (SLCV) antiserum, to 78.5% with DNA extract hybridization. Overall, the best detection results were obtained with PCR, with 92.6%, 92.4% and 98.4% cucumber, melon and zucchini plants, respectively, testing positive. When considering the overall results in the three crops, the best serology and molecular hybridization methods were those using Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) antiserum and DNA extract, respectively. The inoculation methodology developed and the information on detection methods are of great relevance for the selection and breeding of varieties of cucurbit crops that are tolerant or resistant to ToLCNDV.Figás-Moreno, MDR.; Alfaro Fernández, AO.; Font San Ambrosio, MI.; Borràs Palomares, D.; Casanova-Calancha, C.; Hurtado Ricart, M.; Plazas Ávila, MDLO.... (2017). Inoculation of cucumber, melón and zucchini varieties with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and evaluation of infection using different methods. Annals of Applied Biology. 170(3):405-414. doi:10.1111/aab.12344S405414170

Search for reservoirs of `Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum¿ and mollicutes in weeds associated with carrot and celery crops

[EN] Currently, the main arthropod vectored pathogens associated with carrot and celery crop diseases are EiCandidatus Liberibacter solanacearumA ', Spiroplasma citri and different phytoplasma species. Mitigation strategies require elucidating whether these pathogens survive in the weeds of these Apiaceae crops, which can act as reservoirs. Weed surveys were conducted in a vegetative cycle (April to October 2012) in the spontaneous vegetation that surrounded crops affected by EiCa. L. solanacearumA ', S. citri and/or phytoplasmas. Sixty-three species of 53 genera that belong to 23 botanical families were collected in the main carrot and celery Spanish production area. Species were identified, estimating coverage and abundance, and conserved in herbarium. Samples were analysed by nested-PCR with universal primers for phytoplasmas detection, and were sequenced for identification purposes; by conventional PCR for S. citri and real-time PCR for EiCa. L. solanacearumA '. The only detected pathogens were EiCa. Phytoplasma trifoliiA ' (clover proliferation group 16Sr VI-A) in Amaranthus blitoides and Setaria adhaerens and EiCa. P. solaniA ' (stolbur group 16Sr XII-A) in Convolvulus arvensis. These pathogens were also sporadically detected in celery or carrot crops. Unexpectedly, neither EiCa. L. solanacearumA ' nor S. citri was detected in the weed samples, despite the relatively high prevalence of these pathogens (less than 66 % and 25 %, respectively) in the surveyed plots. This suggests that weeds do not play an epidemiological role as reservoirs in the spread of such organisms in the studied region. The use of pathogen-free seed lots and the control of vectors are crucial for preventing the introduction and spread of these economical important pathogens to new areas.This work has been supported by grant INIA (RTA2011-00142). G.R. Teresani was the recipient of a PhD grant from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Ministerio de Educacao, Brazil. This paper is dedicated to the memory of F.J. Villaescusa (1981-2011). The technical support of S. Sanjuan and J.C. Ferrandiz from Agricola Villena Coop. V. is acknowledged.Alfaro Fernández, AO.; Verdeguer Sancho, MM.; Rodríguez-León, F.; Ibañez, I.; Hernández, D.; Teresani, GR.; Bertolini, E.... (2017). Search for reservoirs of `Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum¿ and mollicutes in weeds associated with carrot and celery crops. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 147(1):15-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0984-915201471Alfaro-Fernández, A., Cebrián, M. C., Villaescusa, F. J., Hermoso de Mendoza, A., Ferrándiz, J. C., Sanjuán, S., & Font, M. I. (2012). First report of ˋCandidatus Liberibacter solanacearum´ in carrots in mainland Spain. Plant Disease, 96, 582.Bertaccini, A., & Duduk, B. (2009). 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Material formativo y validación experimental de un sistema móvil de respuesta inmediata para la enseñanza de las habilidades directivas y gestión de la calidad en enfermería.

[SPA] Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una experiencia piloto que propone una herramienta de respuesta inmediata en el proceso de aprendizaje de la materia Gestión de la Calidad en Enfermería de una titulación universitaria del Grado de Enfermería en la Universidad de Murcia. Con la finalidad de alcanzar este objetivo se ha preparado material digital para el aprendizaje de la materia de “Habilidades Directivas y Gestión de la Calidad en Enfermería”, utilizando dispositivos de respuesta automática, también conocidos como clickers. El nuevo material es más dinámico que las tradicionales transparencias en PowerPoint, a la vez que estimula la participación de los alumnos. El material se ha preparado empleando la herramienta SIDRA (SIstema De Respuesta inmediata de la Audiencia), implementada por miembros del Grupo de Investigación de Ingeniería del Software de la Universidad de Murcia. Como resultado de esta innovación docente, se ha publicado un artículo con la primera parte del proyecto, donde presenta una revisión bibliográfica de estudios empíricos que emplean dispositivos inalámbricos en educación universitaria de enfermería. Otro artículo científico presenta la experiencia de SIDRA en un curso universitario que enseña las habilidades directivas y gestión de la calidad en enfermería. [ENG] This paper presents an empirical study on the effectiveness of the use of an Audience Response System (ARS) called SIstema De Respuesta inmediata de la Audiencia (SIDRA) in a nursing administration and management course at the University of Murcia. With this aim in view, instructional material was prepared to teach the course “Habilidades Directivas y Gestión de la Calidad en Enfermería”, by using automatic response devices known as clickers. This instrument is more dynamic than the traditional slides in PowerPoint, thus promoting the students’ participation. The software tool SIDRA (SIstema De Respuesta inmediata de la Audiencia), designed and implemented by members of the Software Engineering Research Group at the University of Murcia, was used to carry out the proposal. As a result, a mapping study which explores the adoption of wireless devices in university nursing teaching and addresses their repercussion on future professionals was published in a research journal. Another research paper submitted to a research journal describes our experience on the use of SIDRA in a nursing administration and management course.Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto PEGASO-PANGEA (TIN2009-13718-C02-02) financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, y del proyecto GEODAS-REQ (TIN2012-37493-C03-02) financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y con fondos europeos FEDE

Protective efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine against Argentine hemorrhagic fever. AHF Study Group

Fil: Maiztegui, Julio I. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas; Argentina.Fil: McKee Jr, K. T. Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina; Estados Unidos.Fil: Barrera Oro, J G. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán; Argentina.Fil: Harrison, L H. University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos.Fil: Gibbs, P H. Division of Disease Assessment, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21701; Estados Unidos.Fil: Feuillade, María Rosa. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas; Argentina.Fil: Enria, Delia. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas; Argentina.Fil: Briggiler, Ana M. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas; Argentina.Fil: Levis, Silvana. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas; Argentina.Fil: Ambrosio, Ana María. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas; Argentina.Fil: Halsey, N A. Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; Estados Unidos.Fil: Peters, C J. Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), caused by the arenavirus Junin, is a major public health problem among agricultural workers in Argentina. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, efficacy trial of Candid 1, a live attenuated Junin virus vaccine, was conducted over two consecutive epidemic seasons among 6500 male agricultural workers in the AHF-endemic region. Twenty-three men developed laboratory-confirmed AHF during the study; 22 received placebo and 1 received vaccine (vaccine efficacy 95%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 82%-99%). Three additional subjects in each group developed laboratory-confirmed Junin virus infection associated with mild illnesses that did not fulfill the clinical case definition for AHF, yielding a protective efficacy for prevention of any illness associated with Junin virus infection of 84% (95% CI, 60%-94%). No serious adverse events were attributed to vaccination. Candid 1, the first vaccine for the prevention of illness caused by an arenavirus, is safe and highly efficacious

Evaluación de la eficacia de los procesos de esterilización de consultorios odontológicos del distrito VI de la provincia de buenos aires, argentina 2006 - 2007, mediante la utilización de indicadores biológicos

En un consultorio odontológico, diversas fuentes de posible infección, como saliva, sangre, instrumentos contaminados, etc., pueden ser transmisores de microorganismos tanto a pacientes como al personal odontológico. El objeti vo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de los procesos de esterilización de los consultorios odontológicos del Distrito VI de la Provincia de Buenos Aires mediante la utilización de Indicadores Biológicos. Participaron del estudio 283 odontólogos que llevaron a cabo un total de 320 procesos de esterilización por calor seco y 19 por calor húmedo. En base a los resultados obtenidos se observó que el 35 % (112/320) de los procesos de esterilización por calor seco controlados no cumplieron con los requ isitos, de los cuales 63 repitieron el control y, 55/63 (87%) resolvieron el problema mediante distintas acciones correctivas. Con respecto a la esterilización por calor húmedo, el 32 % (6/19) de los procesos no cumplieron con los requisitos, en 3 de los 6 positivos se efectuaron correcciones simples obteniéndose resultados satisfactorios. El presente trabajo muestra la importancia para la comunidad, de la implementación de rutina de un sistema de control que permita garantizar la esterilidad de los materi ales utilizados en los consultorios odontológicos