FRANCESES NA HISTÓRIA DE CUBA: análise da bibliografia

O artigo aborda a presença dos franceses em Cuba e os vazios nestes estudos derivados dos interesses historiográficos contemporâneos. Por outra parte, ao focalizar seu interesse na imigração francesa a autora destaca a importância dos estudos étnicos e enfatiza o papel das imigrações na formação da sociedade cubana. Palavras chaves: Cuba. Franceses. Historiografia Resumen El artículo aborda la presencia de los franceses en Cuba y las lagunas en estos estudios derivadas de los intereses historiográficos contemporáneos. Por outra parte, al focalizar su interés en la inmigración francesa la autora destaca La importancia de los estudios étnicos y enfatiza el papel de las inmigraciones en La formación de la sociedad cubana. Palabras claves: Cuba. Franceses. Historiografia Abstract The article approaches the French presence in Cuba and the voids in these studies derived from the contemporary historian interests. Furthermore, in her focus and interest on the French immigration the author emphasizes the importance of the ethnic studies and the role of the immigrations in the making of Cuban society. Keywords: Cuba. French. Historiograph

La revolución bolchevique

Introducción Los finales del siglo XIX fueron testigos del cambio fundamental en la estructura capitalista, resultado del segundo salto industrializador que provocó una variabilidad económica que iría desde nuevos métodos empresariales hasta la conversión de los poderes públicos en poderosos resortes de expansión, pasado por la integración de los mercados nacionales, una acentuación del fenómeno de la urbanización y una diversificación social que desarrollaría no solo a la clase obrera sino a..

FRANCESES NA HISTÓRIA DE CUBA: análise da bibliografia

O artigo aborda a presença dos franceses em Cuba e os vazios nestes estudos derivados dos interesses historiográficos contemporâneos. Por outra parte, ao focalizar seu interesse na imigração francesa a autora destaca a importância dos estudos étnicos e enfatiza o papel das imigrações na formação da sociedade cubana.Palavras chaves: Cuba. Franceses. HistoriografiaResumenEl artículo aborda la presencia de los franceses en Cuba y las lagunas en estos estudios derivadas de los intereses historiográficos contemporáneos. Por outra parte, al focalizar su interés en la inmigración francesa la autora destaca La importancia de los estudios étnicos y enfatiza el papel de las inmigraciones en La formación de la sociedad cubana.Palabras claves: Cuba. Franceses. HistoriografiaAbstractThe article approaches the French presence in Cuba and the voids in these studies derived from the contemporary historian interests. Furthermore, in her focus and interest on the French immigration the author emphasizes the importance of the ethnic studies and the role of the immigrations in the making of Cuban society.Keywords: Cuba. French. Historiograph

Las Izquierdas Latinoamericanas

Este libro recoge lo más sobresaliente del Seminario Internacional Las izquierdas latinoamericanas: sus trayectorias nacionales y relaciones internacionales durante el siglo XX, actividad convocada por la Cátedra Antonio Gramsci del Instituto Cubano de Investigación Cultural Juan Marinello (La Habana, 14 al 16 de noviembre de 2016), concurriendo a la cita participantes del Instituto de Historia de Cuba, la Universidad de Santiago de Chile, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, del Instituto de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Federal de Uberlandia (Brasil), y de la Red Iberoamericana de Historiadores del siglo XX. En las cuatro partes de esta entrega, se pasa revista a los elementos principales de la exposición y los debates acaecidos, reflejándose en todo momento la necesidad de replanteamientos y de nuevos desarrollos que, a la luz de su pasado reciente, desafían hoy a nuestras Izquierdas en toda la regiónA mi compañero Elías, Vencido por la muerte, en los mismos momentos en que mis colegas debatían sobre las izquierdas Por su ayuda y apoyo de siempre a todos mis proyectos Por su recuerdo en mi corazón y en el de nuestros hijos

Anuario del Centro de Estudios Martianos (Vol. 24 2001)

El Anuario del Centro de Estudios Martianos es la publicación insignia de esta institución y heredera directa del Anuario Martiano de la Biblioteca Nacional José Martí, que se publicó entre 1969 y 1977, bajo la dirección del poeta y ensayista Cintio Vitier. Desde que salió a la luz su primera entrega, en 1978, se han publicado treinta y cinco números, en los que aparecen artículos y ensayos de importantes estudiosos de la vida y obra del Apóstol, en Cuba y el resto del mundo. En sus secciones fijas (Otros textos de José Martí, Documentos, Estudios y aproximaciones, Vigencias, Publicaciones, Bibliografía, Constante) y los apartados especiales, los lectores pueden conocer disímiles temas del quehacer martiano internacional, en el año que termina además de mantenerse al tanto de las últimas contribuciones de los promotores e investigadores de la obra martiana en el orbe

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research