Prevalence of Depression Among Medical Students of a Private Medical College in India

Background: Medical education can contribute to the development of depression in medical students which may have possible negative academic and professional consequences. The aims of this study were to explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their relationships to socio-demographic variables among a cross section of medical students of a private medical college in India. Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire-based survey was conducted including all students from first to fourth year of a medical college in India. Beck depression inventory was used to assess the level of depression with a score of 12 or higher considered depressive. Additional questions regarding demographic variables were also included in the survey. Data analysis was done on Epi info version 6. Results: A total of 336 students participated giving a response rate of 88%. A total of 49.1% students reported depressive symptoms. It was significantly higher in 1st year (59.3%) and 2nd year (65.6%), as compared to 3rd (34.4%) and 4th year (37.2%) students [p<0. 05]. Substance abuse(p<0.0001), first and second year of study, female sex and language of instruction other than English at 10+2 level were associated factors for the development of depressive symptoms [p<0.05]. A significant negative association was also found between regular exercise and depression (p<0.05). Conclusion: Depression may be a significant hidden problem in Indian medical students and mechanisms to identify and help students with mental health problems should be seriously considered

Measuring Cost Of Quality A Case Study

Kaedah pengukuran kos kualiti sudah berada sekian lama Jadi industri. Walaubagaimanapun, disebabkan sumber pengetahuan dan kemahiran yang terbatas di kalangan ahli industri, ia tidak banyak dilaksanakan. The measurement of Cost of Quality (COQ) has been around for a long time. Its use has not been widely spread due to limited resources on knowledge and application skills

The potential of human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells in cell therapy for retinal degenerative diseases

Este trabajo se propone la utilización del potencial de diferenciación hacia células con fenotipo EPR que poseen las hAD‐MSCs, simultáneamente con sus beneficiosos efectos paracrinos sobre el EPR y la degeneración retiniana in vitro. Este estudio intenta crear un microambiente compuesto por diferentes biomoléculas con la capacidad de guiar la vía de diferenciación de las MSCs hacia fenotipos de EPR y al mismo tiempo, de proteger la neurorretina (especialmente los PRs), mediante la utilización de sistemas de co‐cultivo indirectos. Los resultados derivados podrían proporcionar importantes avances en campos que permitirían continuar en la línea de investigación hacia experimentos in vivo antes de iniciar futuros ensayos clínicos en la DM

Histopathological pattern of cutaneous disorders in tertiary care center in Shahjahanpur district of India

Background: Histopathological examination is most commonly needed and used investigation in dermatology. The main objective of this study is to share our experience with skin lesions from a tertiary health Centre by describing the histopathological patterns of 675 consecutive cases.Methods: The study was retrospective and was conducted in those patients who attended the OPD. A total of 675 cases were sent for histopathological examination. Further they were classified into various histological categories based on the site and pattern of involvement. Inclusion criteria involves all skin biopsies sent for histopathology examination, exclusion criteria was none.Results: Most common histopathological entity was infectious disease with 22.52% cases leading in this study. Out of which Hansen disease is on top with 16.29% which was followed by cutaneous tuberculosis with 3.70% (25) cases. Second most common group was of psoriasiform reactions with 9.77% cases. In this group most common disorder was psoriasis vulgaris with 5.92% (40) cases. Third and fourth most common group were spongiotic dermatitis and lichenoid dermatitis which presented with 9.18% and 9.03% cases with a minimal difference of 1 case.Conclusions: A huge diversity in skin lesions was noticed in our study ranging from nonspecific dermatitis to malignant melanoma conditions. There was a younger age predominance regarding the patient presentation. Hansen’s disease still remains a single entity in India for which skin biopsy are required

MUCORMYCOSI (BLACK FUNGUS): A REVIEW

Mucormycosis is a new angioinvasive infection caused by the ubiquitous filamentous fungus of the Mucorales order of the Zygomycete class. Mucormycosis has emerged as the third most prevalent invasive mycosis in patients undergoing hematological and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, following candidiasis and aspergillosis. Sporangiospores must be inhaled on a daily basis. Members of the Mucorales are very infrequent in nasal mucus, indicating that spores in airway mucus are removed via mucociliary transport or that there is a minimal degree of airborne contamination

The Effects of Mind Mapping Strategies on the Development of Writing Skills of Selected Form Three Students

Education is one of the most powerful mechanisms for developing intellectual prowness. Because the research in brain growth, development and functioning is exemplifying our understanding of the neuro-sciences. In order to nourish students with healthy learning strategies, this research is based on a technique that will prove to enhance students’ thinking and writing skills. This study intends to expose students to the approaches and methods of using mind maps and brainstorming strategies in developing their mental capacities. The research design used in this study was a nonrandomised control group; pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design on to groups of hetrogenous form three Malay students selected based on their form two final year examination academic performance on two classes of students (25 students in the control group and 25 students in the experimental group). The instruments used were pretest composition questions and post-test composition questions, direct observations and in-depth interviews. The data and results collected were analysed using the SPSS for percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-tests and repeated- measures analysis of variance. The finding showed that there was no significant difference in the mean scores in the pretest between the two groups of subjects administered in the first semester of 2002 after the teaching of composition in the normal method. However, there was a significant difference in the mean scores in the experimental group as compared to the control group in the post-test admistered in the second semester of 2002 after the treatment. The findings also showed that the subjects in the experimental group responded more positively to the technique of mindmapping and brainstorming. This study concluded that the teaching method, mindmapping and brainstorming strategies during the prewriting stage had a positive and consistent effect on this group of from three students’ composition writing skills immediately after treatment as compared to the control group with the normal classroom teaching metho