Subjective Perceptions of Economic Inequality in Argentina

This publication was sponsored by the Secretaría de Estado de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación of the San Juan Government, Argentina. Abstract In Argentina, inequality and poverty have reached alarming levels. However, societies that register high indexes of inequality do not necessarily present strong demands for a fairer society. According to studies in Psychology, social demands are conditioned more often by the perception of inequality than by real inequality. Furthermore, there are important variations in the perception of inequality among different population sectors. The current research intends to identify how variables, such as sex, age, educational level, objective status and subjective status, are associated with variations in the perception of inequality. It is a quantitative correlational study, whose sample consisted of 400 adults from Argentina, aged between 18 and 74 years (M = 38.57, SD = 13.072). Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire regarding inequality. The results indicate that people perceive lower economic inequality than that registered by national statistics and this underestimation is conditioned by and associated with sociodemographic variables. Perceptual biases are higher when income and educational levels are lower. In addition, women perceive inequality more than men do. However, no variations in the perception of inequality were found according to the age of the respondents. The implications of this research and its contribution to promoting the study of inequality are discussed. Keywords: perceptual biases - economic inequality - sociodemographic variables - subjective status DOI: 10.7176/DCS/9-5-05 Publication date:May 31st 201

Psychological well-being in Europe after the outbreak of war in Ukraine

The Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, has had devastating effects on the Ukrainian population and the global economy, environment, and political order. However, little is known about the psychological states surrounding the outbreak of war, particularly the mental well-being of individuals outside Ukraine. Here, we present a longitudinal experience-sampling study of a convenience sample from 17 European countries (total participants = 1,341, total assessments = 44,894, countries with >100 participants = 5) that allows us to track well-being levels across countries during the weeks surrounding the outbreak of war. Our data show a significant decline in well-being on the day of the Russian invasion. Recovery over the following weeks was associated with an individual’s personality but was not statistically significantly associated with their age, gender, subjective social status, and political orientation. In general, well-being was lower on days when the war was more salient on social media. Our results demonstrate the need to consider the psychological implications of the Russo-Ukrainian war next to its humanitarian, economic, and ecological consequences

A global experience-sampling method study of well-being during times of crisis : The CoCo project

We present a global experience-sampling method (ESM) study aimed at describing, predicting, and understanding individual differences in well-being during times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This international ESM study is a collaborative effort of over 60 interdisciplinary researchers from around the world in the “Coping with Corona” (CoCo) project. The study comprises trait-, state-, and daily-level data of 7490 participants from over 20 countries (total ESM measurements = 207,263; total daily measurements = 73,295) collected between October 2021 and August 2022. We provide a brief overview of the theoretical background and aims of the study, present the applied methods (including a description of the study design, data collection procedures, data cleaning, and final sample), and discuss exemplary research questions to which these data can be applied. We end by inviting collaborations on the CoCo dataset

Subjective perceptions of economic inequality in Argentina

In Argentina, inequality and poverty have reached alarming levels. However, societies that register high indexes of inequality do not necessarily present strong demands for a fairer society. According to studies in Psychology, social demands are conditioned more often by the perception of inequality than by real inequality. Furthermore, there are important variations in the perception of inequality among different population sectors. The current research intends to identify how variables, such as sex, age, educational level, objective status and subjective status, are associated with variations in the perception of inequality. It is a quantitative correlational study, whose sample consisted of 400 adults from Argentina, aged between 18 and 74 years (M = 38.57, SD = 13.072). Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire regarding inequality. The results indicate that people perceive lower economic inequality than that registered by national statistics and this underestimation is conditioned by and associated with sociodemographic variables. Perceptual biases are higher when income and educational levels are lower. In addition, women perceive inequality more than men do. However, no variations in the perception of inequality were found according to the age of the respondents. The implications of this research and its contribution to promoting the study of inequality are discussed.Fil: Bastias, Franco Emmanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentina. Universidad Catolica de Cuyo - Sede San Juan. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Investigaciones En Psicología Basica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Amante Martin, Dayana Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentina. Universidad Catolica de Cuyo - Sede San Juan. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Investigaciones En Psicología Basica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Avendaño, Pablo Agustin. Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino; Argentina. Universidad Catolica de Cuyo - Sede San Juan. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Investigaciones En Psicología Basica y Aplicada; Argentin

Creencia en un mundo justo y atribuciones causales de la pobreza en estudiantes de psicología

La creencia de que en la vida se obtiene lo que se merece, denominada Creencia en un mundo justo, ha sido conceptualizada en el intento de explicar por qué los sujetos niegan la existencia de injusticias. Así, esta creencia surge de la necesidad de las personas de vivir en un entorno estable y predecible, contribuyendo al mantenimiento del orden social mediante la negación de las injusticias y la culpabilización de sus víctimas.Por otro lado, distintos autores han abordado las explicaciones que las personas otorgan al origen de la pobreza, atribuyéndola a distintas causas, clasificadas en individuales, socioestructurales y fatalistas. En esta línea, algunos estudios han contribuido empíricamente a la asociación de estas variables, relacionando altos niveles de creencia en un mundo justo con la comprensión de la pobreza, atribuyendo su condición a causas individuales, como la falta de voluntad o motivación. Asimismo, niveles altos en estas variables se han asociado con la percepción de la distribución social de la riqueza como más igualitaria. En este marco, el presente estudio pretende identificar las atribuciones causales de la pobreza que prevalecen en estudiantes de la carrera de Psicología y sus relaciones con creencia en un mundo justo.Para esto se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo correlacional, en el que participaron 335 estudiantes de entre 17 y 47 años (M=20,64; DT=3,61), con un 74,7% de mujeres (n=248). Se estableció un muestreo de tipo no probabilístico intencional con estudiantes de la licenciatura en Psicología de una universidad privada de la región de Cuyo. Los hallazgos sugieren una leve prevalencia de explicaciones socioestructurales del origen de la pobreza, seguidos por factores individuales y en menor medida, fatalistas. Asimismo, los resultados indican una correlación positiva entre creencia en un mundo justo y atribuciones de tipo individuales y fatalistas,coincidiendo con los antecedentes en la temática. Por otra parte, aquellos estudiantes que atribuyeron la pobreza a factores sociales y las características del sistema, presentaron bajos niveles de creencia en un mundo justo. Así, considerando que nuestros pensamientos y creencias inciden en nuestro juicio para comprender la realidad y por ende, en nuestro comportamiento, resulta importante continuar con el estudio de esta temática con el fin de contribuir a la comprensión y erradicación de la pobreza.Fil: Cañadas Martinez, María Belén. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Cuyo - Sede San Juan. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Investigaciones en Psicología Básica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Sosa Polimeni, María Valentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas; ArgentinaFil: Amante Martin, Dayana Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina2º Congreso Nacional de PsicologíaSan LuisArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Psicologí

A global experience‐sampling method study of well‐being during times of crisis: The CoCo project

We present a global experience-sampling method (ESM) study aimed at describing, predicting, and understanding individual differences in well-being during times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This international ESM study is a collaborative effort of over 60 interdisciplinary researchers from around the world in the “Coping with Corona” (CoCo) project. The study comprises trait-, state-, and daily-level data of 7490 participants from over 20 countries (total ESM measurements = 207,263; total daily measurements = 73,295) collected between October 2021 and August 2022. We provide a brief overview of the theoretical background and aims of the study, present the applied methods (including a description of the study design, data collection procedures, data cleaning, and final sample), and discuss exemplary research questions to which these data can be applied. We end by inviting collaborations on the CoCo dataset