URGENSI PEMBATASAN KEWENANGAN PRESIDEN DALAM MENGELUARKAN PERATURAN PRESIDEN MELALUI REVISI UNDANG-UNDANG PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG- UNADNGAN

Artikel ini dilatar belakangi oleh Materi Muatan Peraturan Presiden yang berfungsi melaksanakan Kekuasaan Pemerintahan yang memberi kewenangan besar bagi Presiden dalam sehingga membuka peluang bagi presiden untuk menyalahgunakan kewenangannya. Untuk itu perlu dibangun mekanisme untuk membatasi Kekuasaan Presiden dalam mengeluarkan Peraturan Presiden sebagai wujud dari konstitusionalisme. Materi muatan Peraturan Presiden berfungsi sebagai penyelenggaraan kekuasaan pemerintahan dianggap mirip dengan fungsi Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah karena Peraturan Presiden memuat norma yang mengatur sebagaimana fungsi Undang-Undang dan terjadi kerancuan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah yang secara konstitusional materi muatannya melaksanakan Undang-Undang. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Untuk itulah penulis mengusulkan lebih baik jika Peraturan Presiden ditiadakan, mengingat Presiden Indonesia sudah memiliki banyak kewenangan, khususnya kewenangan secara legislasi seperti membentuk Undang-Undang, Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan dan perlu dibangun mekanisme intern dan ekstern untuk meninjau, memantau dan mengawasi Peraturan Presiden melalui Judicial Review dan Excecutive Review.Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh Materi MuatanPeraturan Presiden yang berfungsi melaksanakanKekuasaan Pemerintahan yang memberi kewenanganbesar bagi Presiden dalam sehingga membuka peluang bagi presiden untuk menyalahgunakan kewenangannya. Untuk itu perlu dibangun mekanismeuntuk membatasi Kekuasaan Presiden dalammengeluarkan Peraturan Presiden sebagai wujud darikonstitusionalisme. Materi muatan Peraturan Presidenberfungsi sebagai penyelenggaraan kekuasaanpemerintahan dianggap mirip dengan fungsi Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah karena PeraturanPresiden memuat norma yang mengatur sebagaimana fungsi Undang-Undang dan terjadi kerancuan denganPeraturan Pemerintah yang secara konstitusionalmateri muatannya melaksanakan Undang-Undang. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Normatif, denganpendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Untuk itulah penulis mengusulkan lebih baik jika Peraturan Presiden ditiadakan, mengingat Presiden Indonesia sudah memiliki banyak kewenangan, khususnya kewenangan secara legislasi seperti membentuk Undang-Undang, Peraturan PemerintahPengganti Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan dan perlu dibangun mekanisme intern dan ekstern untuk meninjau, memantau dan mengawasiPeraturan Presiden melalui Judicial Review dan Excecutive Review. Kata Kunci: Kewenangan Presiden, Pembatasan, Peraturan Presiden

THE REGIONAL HEAD ELECTION MODEL BASED ON THE 1945 CONSTITUTION IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY

ABSTRACTArticle 18 of the Constitution of 1945, is not set explicitly on the model either local elections before the change and after the change, giving rise to multiple interpretations. Legislature to interpret the model in accordance with the local elections of political will at the time. Prior to the 1945 changes in the regulation of local government such as the Act No. 5 of 1974, No. 22 of 1999, and after the 1945 changes governed by Act No. 32 of 2004 on regional governance. Setting the local elections in the legislation are inconsistencies between laws that regulate each other electoral models vary. The inconsistency of these legal norms have implications for the implementation of regional autonomy within the system of the Republic of Indonesia. Under the decentralized form an autonomous region, the system is essentially delegated to the local government administration (the law) is given the right to administer their own affairs of the household. The goal is for people to participate in democratic governance, inorder to realize social justice welfare in the area.Key words : Implications, Local Elections, Autonom

OVERLAPPING BETWEEN PROVINCIAL REGIONAL REGULATIONS WITH REGENCY/MUNICIPAL LOCAL REGULATIONS ON THE REGULATED MATERIAL VIEWED FROM THE LAW NUMBER 12 OF 2011 REGARDING ESTABLISHMENT OF LEGISLATION

The occurrence of overlapping between provincial regional regulations and regency/municipal regulations on the same material may create legal problems, because if they are not properly regulated, then authority in the implementation and enforcement of overlapping regional regulations becomes biased, this condition resulted in the failure to fulfill the justice and legal certainty aspects, as well as the benefit aspect, because there are dual regulatory arrangements, which are the regency/municipality regulations and the provincial regulations, in which hierarchically the two regional regulatory instruments are unequal, where the provincial regulation has a higher position than regency/municipal regulations. The similarity of content material between provincial and regency/municipal regulations as referred to in the provisions of Article 14 of Law Number 12 Year 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislation makes it possible to regulate the same material between provincial and regency/municipal regulations. In the context of provincial and regency/municipal regulations governing the same material, then orders, restrictions, permits and licenses must be clear and resolute, where the regency/municipal regulations cannot contain different orders, prohibitions, licenses and permits which has been formulated in the provisions of the provincial regulation, or in other words, the norm formulation in regency/municipal regulations shall not be contradictory to the norms regulated in provincial regulations. Essentially, regency/municipal regulations can only regulate matters that have not been regulated in the above legislation

DISPUTE SETTLEMENT OF SIMULTANEOUS VILLAGE HEAD ELECTIONS BASED ON LAW NUMBER 6 OF 2014 ABOUT VILLAGES IN SELUMA REGENCY

In general, the implementation of village head election does not escape from a conflict. Seluma Regency of Bengkulu Province is one of the regencies that has held simultaneous village head elections based on the Regulation of the Regent of Seluma Regency Number 26 of 2019 in conjunction with the Regulation of the Regent Number 21 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for Implementing Simultaneous Village Head Elections in the Seluma Regency Region. In the implementation of village head elections in Seluma Regency, conflicts have occurred. This study aims to analyze, to describe and to explain the disputes settlement of village head election which is conducted simultaneously in Seluma Regency in terms of Law Number 6 of 2014 about Villages. The study of this research was carried out by referring to juridical sociology view. The result showed that in Law no. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, if there is a dispute in the implementation of Village Head Election, the Regent / Mayor is the party given the authority to resolve the dispute

THE SWALLOW’S NEST TAX COLLECTION IN INCREASING LOCAL OWN-SOURCE REVENUE BASED ON THE LOCAL REGULATION OF SELUMA REGENCY NUMBER 5 OF 2011 ON LOCAL TAXES

The implementation of the swallow’s nest tax collection in Seluma Regency is carried out based on the Local Regulation of Seluma Regency Number 5 of 2011 on Local Taxes. The distribution of tax is carried out by using a self-assessment system which this system gives confidence to the taxpayers to determine the amount of tax payable that must be borne. However, this system can work successfully if the taxpayers have awareness and compliance in paying their taxes. The swallow’s nest tax can contribute to the Local Own-Source Revenue of Seluma Regency, however, there are still some obstacles in collecting it, especially for taxpayers who are considered to have bad faith. This research aims to analyze (1) the implementation of the swallow’s nest tax collection in increasing the Local Own-Source Revenue is based on the Local Regulation of Seluma Regency Number 5 of 2011 on Local Taxes; (2) obstacles and solutions to the swallow’s nest tax collection in increasing the Local Regulation of Seluma Regency Number 5 of 2011 on Local Taxes. The type of this research was descriptive. The type of research in this legal research was empirical legal research. The results of this research showed that (1) the collection of the swallow’s nest tax in increasing Local Own-Source Revenue based on the Local Regulation of Seluma Regency Number 5 of 2011 on Local Taxes had not been maximal because the swallow’s nest tax revenue was still very low and the system used in tax collection was a self-assessment system in Seluma Regency. Moreover, (2) the obstacle of the swallow’s nest tax collection in increasing the Local Regulation of Seluma Regency Number 5 of 2011 on Local Taxes was caused by the lack of awareness of taxpayers in reporting, registering, calculating, and paying swallow’s nest taxes. To overcome the obstacle, the Local Development Planning Agency was in collaboration with the Seluma District Attorney (Kejari), the Resort Police Force (Polres) of Seluma Regency, and the Seluma One-Stop Integrated Investment and Licensing Service Office (DPMPPTSP). Keywords: Swallow’s Nest Tax, Local Own-Source Revenue, the Local Government Regulation of Seluma Regency

EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMILIHAN UMUM KEPALA DAERAH LANGSUNG MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NO 32 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH

Suatu bangsa dikatakan sebagai bangsa yang besar apabila menjujung tinggi nilai-nilai demokrasi. Salah satu wadah yang diberikan negara untuk memenuhi prepeferensi-preferensi politik adalah Pemilihan Umum kepala Daerah Langsung atau yang biasa disebut dengan Pemilukada Langsung, namun seiring berjalannya waktu dan pelaksanaan pemilukada langsung banyak menuai pro dan kontra karena menyebabkan beberapa permasalahan dan konflik dalam sistem politik Indonesia, terutama terkait dengan pelaksanaanya yang banyak menelan biaya, tenaga, dan waktu sehingga energi bangsa banyak terkuras untuk menangani pemilihan secara langsung, dan belum lagi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan karena adanya sistem yang diselewengkan dalam penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum kepala daerah langsung. Oleh karena itu penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji lebih lajut mengenai Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah Langsung Menurut Undang-Undang No 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memberikan gambaran mengenai efisiensi dan efektivitas pemilihan umum kepala daerah langsung ditinjau dari Undang-Undang 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dan mendeskripsikan apa yang menjadi dampak positif dan negatif dalam pemilihan umum kepala daerah secara langsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan normatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder, primer, dan tertier. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan studi pustaka dan bahan-bahan on line (internet) dan kemudian dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran bahwa belum adanya efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam pemilihan umum kepala daerah secara langsung karena biaya dalam pelaksanaan pemilihan umum kepala daerah langsung terlalu besar hanya untuk menjalankan pesta demokrasi, dan banyak menguras tenaga serta tahapan atau waktu yang terlalu panjang mulai dari tahap persiapan sampai dengan pelaksanaan pemilihan umum kepala daerah langsung, dan jumlah penyelenggara yang sangat banyak dengan efektivitas atau tujuan yang belum bisa benar- benar tercapai, dikarenakan banyaknya money politics, pelanggaran-pelanggaran pemilukada, banyaknya angka golput dan suara yang tidak sah, dan banyak permasalahan lainnya. Belum lagi dampak negatif yang lebih dominan dibandingkan dampak positif dengan sistem ini seperti menyebabkan masyarakat mejadi matrealisitis, kemungkinan memunculkan konflik baik vertikal dan horizontal, tingginya biaya politik, tingginya kasus korupsi dan pelayanan menjadi tidak baik karena implikasi dari money politics, ketidaksiapan APBD pada beberapa daerah, masyarakat cendrung memilih berdasarkan figur politik dan kurang memperhatikan kemampuan manajemen organisasi kepala daerah tersebut, dan lain-lai

Evaluation Of The Local Regulations Draft Of Bengkulu Selatan Regency Concerning Local Taxes And Local Retributions By The Governor

Evaluation is the study and the assessment on the local regulation draft regulated in accordance with the law in the field of local government and other statutory regulations to find out if there are things that are contrary to the public interest, and/or higher legislation and/or decency. The evaluation on the local regulation draft in the regency/city area regarding local taxes and Local Retribution by the governor as a representative of the central government is a form of authority de-concentration delegated by the central government to the governor. The evaluation process is carried out before the relevant legal norms are binding on the general public. The central government gradually evaluates, tests, and even rejects the local regulation draft. Regarding the implementation of the evaluation, in practice it still creates complexities of obstacles in the evaluation of local regulation draft which actually has an impact on legal certainty, especially the legal interests of the district/city government. The problems of this research were how to evaluate the implementation of the Local Regulation Draft concerning Local Taxes and Local Retribution by the Governor and the obstacles in the implementation of the evaluation of the Local Regulation Draft concerning Local Taxes and Local Retribution by the Governor. The approach method used in this research was the normative legal method (juridical normative), while the analysis used was qualitative analysis. The data sources used were primary legal materials obtained through laws and regulations, and secondary legal materials sourced from various official documents. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the evaluation of the local regulation draft in the regency/city area regarding local taxes and local retribution by the Governor seen from the role and authority of the institution has been in accordance with the legislation, but when viewed from the side of the procedures and time regulated in its implementation it has not been effective and does it not provide legal certainty. Obstacles in evaluating the local regulation draft in the regency/city area are the ineffectiveness of tiered supervision and the inaccuracy of time as stipulated in the legislation

THE EXISTENCE OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKER PLACEMENT AGENCIES IN THE CONSIGNMENT PROCESS OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS

The existence of the Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Agency (known as Perusahaan Penempatan Pekerja Migran Indonesia) is regulated in Law Number 8 of 2017 regarding the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. In some cases, many Indonesian Migrant Workers still work abroad non-procedurally or illegally. This study needed to be conducted to investigate the factors that cause many Prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers not willing to join Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Agency. Therefore, this study is expected to provide scientific benefits for readers and can be used as the material of thought by policymakers. This juridical-empirical research used the interview technique to collect the data as materials to obtain the answers to the research problems. The samples of this study were The Class I Immigration Checkpoint Bengkulu Office, known as Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I TPI Bengkulu, Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Agency, and Prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers. Some questions were asked directly to the informants to get the descriptions of the existence of Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Agencies in the consignment process of the Indonesian Migrant Workers. The existence of Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Agencies in the consignment process of Indonesian Migrant Workers based on Law Number 18 of 2017 has not been actualized optimally due to some problems. The problems included many Indonesian Migrant Workers who worked abroad non-procedurally or illegally, the regulation still needed to be evaluated, and lack of socialization related to the recruitment process of Indonesian Migrant Workers

KEWENANGAN PENGADILAN AGAMA DALAM PENGANGKATAN MEDIATOR NON HAKIM BERDASARKAN PERMA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2016

Adapun tujuan penelitian ini: (1) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kewenangan pengadilan agama dalam pengangkatan mediator non hakim berdasarkan PERMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 Tentang Prosedur Mediasi di Pengadilan. (2). Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hambatan pengangkatan mediator non hakim terhadap penyelesaian perkara pada pengadilan agama. Pada metode penelitian tesis ini, jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori penelitian hukum yang bersifat yuridis normatif. Pada ada penelitian ini ada empat pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu; Pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach), Pendekatan Kasus (case approach), dan Pendekatan Konseptual (conceptual approach), serta Pendekatan Perbandingan (comparative approach). Hasil penelitian bahwa: (1). Kewenangan Pengadilan Agama dalam pengangkatan mediator non hakim pada Berdasarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 Tentang Prosedur Mediasi Di Pengadilan, pada dasarnya yang menjadi mediator adalah orang yang bukan hakim yangtelah mendapat dan memperoleh sertifikat mediator dari lembaga yang sudah terakreditasi oleh MA, akan tetapi PERMA Nomor 01 Tahun 2008 memberikan kelonggaran apabila disuatu lingkungan peradilan tidak terdapat mediator bersertifikat maka yang menjadi mediator adalah hakim yang berada dalam lingkungan peradilan tersebut. Prinsip utama untuk pengangkatan mediator adalah harus memenuhi persyaratan kemampuan personal dan persyaratan yang berhubungan dengan masalah sengketa para pihak. Jika persyaratan ini telahdi penuhi baru mediator dapat menjalankan mediasi. (2). Hambatan pengangkatan mediator terhadap penyelesaian perkara Pengadilan Agama, ada dua yakni; pertama, akan berhasil jika terpenuhi empat hal mengenai keberhasilan mediasi yaitu; para pihak, mediator, keluarga,advokat (jika memakai advokat). Kedua, bisa gagal jika para pihak sudah tidak ingin berdamai dan rukun kembali. Karena para pihaklah yang mengambil keputusan, berdamai atau tidak. Sebagai pihak yang netral mediator memiliki peran penting dalam proses mediasi.yang membantu para pihak dalam proses perundingan guna mencari berbagai kemungkinan penyelesaian sengketa tanpa menggunakan cara memutus atau memaksakan sebuah penyelesaian