Toxoplasma gondii infection and toxoplasmosis in North Africa: a review

Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii. The disease is distributed worldwide and can affect all warm-blooded vertebrates, including humans. The present review aimed to collect, compile and summarize the data on the prevalence of T. gondii infection in humans and animals in the five North African countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt). Published data from national and international databases were used. Distribution patterns and risk factors for T. gondii infection are discussed, focusing on biotic and abiotic factors. This review is a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of T. gondii infection in North Africa and will therefore be a useful tool for researchers. It can also be used to propose or enhance appropriate national toxoplasmosis control programs

Comprendre la production de connaissance d’un dispositif d’Intelligence Economique Territoriale.L’évolution de la DATAR de la Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine

In France, the Regional Council is the central actor in the economic, social and cultural development of the territories. Its mission is to manage, support citizens and support all its territories through territorial actions and policies. But the generalized transition (industrial, digital, ecological, etc.), combined with the recent health crisis, have caused a change in the Regional context and therefore, in the objectives. Territorial policy must then adapt to the environment through choices and actions informed by strategic use of information. For this, the Nouvelle-Aquitaine Region relies on the skills of its DATAR ; territorial knowledge resource center ; to carry out a Territorial Economic Intelligence (TEI) strategy. The objective is to mobilize the IET in order to build an efficient knowledge system, and thus understand territorial specificities.Based on intervention research within this DATAR, we study the mechanisms of knowledge production which allow the Regional Council to develop actions adapted to the territories. The analysis of the work of this DATAR, a case study on unemployment in the Region, but also the interviews and observation in the field allow us to understand this system of knowledge which is developing with its different implications. The analysis of the DATAR knowledge system and the identification of communication practices suggest three main complementary implications. The Regional Council must further associate university research with the field work of its regional agents. Scientific methodology can meet regional action to build public policies adapted to the objectives, the actors and their territories. At the same time, the knowledge-communication couple is the way to move from the project to territorial action, that is to say making it possible to build adapted policies thanks to the network and better territorial knowledge. Finally, it seems important to set up an evaluation of advances in the knowledge system in order to progress and guide the development of territorial intelligence.En France, le Conseil Régional est l’acteur central du développement économique, social et culturel des territoires. Il a pour mission de gérer, accompagner les citoyens et soutenir tous ses territoires grâce aux actions et politiques territoriales. Mais la transition généralisée (industrielle, numérique, écologique…), combinée à la récente crise sanitaire, ont provoqué un changement dans le contexte Régional et par conséquent, dans les objectifs. La politique territoriale doit alors s’adapter à l’environnement grâce à des choix et actions éclairées par un usage stratégique de l’information. Pour cela, la Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine s’appuie sur les compétences de son pôle DATAR ; centre de ressource en connaissance territoriale ; pourmener une stratégie d’Intelligence Economique Territoriale (IET). L’objectif est de mobiliser l’IET afin de construire un système de connaissance performant, et ainsi comprendre les spécificités territoriales.A partir d’une recherche intervention au sein de cette DATAR, nous étudions les mécanismes de production de connaissance qui permettent au Conseil Régional de développer des actions adaptées aux territoires. L’analyse des travaux de cette DATAR, une étude de cas sur le chômage en Région, mais aussi les entretiens et l’observation sur le terrain nous permettent de comprendre ce système de connaissance qui se développe avec ses différentes implications. L’analyse du système de connaissance de la DATAR, et l’identification des pratiques communicationnelles suggèrent trois principales implications complémentaires. Le Conseil Régional doit davantage associer la recherche universitaire avec le travail de terrain de ses agents régionaux. La méthodologie scientifique peut rencontrer l’action régionale pour construire des politiques publiques adaptées aux objectifs, aux acteurs et à leurs territoires. En parallèle, le couple connaissance-communication est le moyen de passer du projet à l’action territoriale, c’est-à-dire permettre de construire des politiques adaptées grâce au réseau et à une meilleure connaissance territoriale. Enfin, il semble important de mettre en place une évaluation des avancées du système de connaissance afin de progresser, et guider le développement d’une intelligence territoriale

De la donnée à la connaissance, de l’intelligibilité à l’action

La donnée fascine et intéresse de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques. Que ce soient les praticiens ou les scientifiques, miser sur la donnée est devenu essentiel pour prendre des décisions. Pour autant, l’accent ne doit plus être mis sur l’abondance mais sur la compréhension, l’intelligibilité. Nous analysons ici, au travers du prisme communication-connaissance, le travail d’un service régional en charge de produire de la connaissance territoriale. Mobilisant compétences et outils techniques, les agents de ce service doivent faire passer la donnée au stade de connaissance. Pour cela, il y a différentes étapes dans ce processus exigeant, où la communication est l’agent d’une traduction réussie.Data fascinates and interests many scientific disciplines. Whether practitioners or scientists, relying on data has become essential for making decisions. However, the emphasis must no longer be placed on abundance but on understanding and intelligibility. Here, through the communication-knowledge prism, we analyze the work of a regional service responsible for producing territorial knowledge. Mobilizing skills and technical tools, the agents of this service must move the data to the knowledge stage. For this, there are different stages in this demanding process, where communication is the agent of a successful transfer

La chirurgie osseuse ultrasonore en odontologie

LYON1-BU Santé Odontologie (693882213) / SudocSudocFranceF

Methane oxidation behaviour over sol–gel derived Pd/Al2O3-ZrO2 materials: Influence of the zirconium precursor

International audienc

Study of the effect of the preparation route and the palladium precursor on the methane oxidation behavior over Al2O3–ZrO2 supported palladium

International audienc

Detection and molecular identification of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. infections in Hyalomma aegyptium ticks in Tunisia

Tortoises of the genus Testudo are the main hosts of Hyalomma aegyptium ticks. This species serves as a vector of several zoonotic pathogens. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the presence of four pathogens associated with H. aegyptium ticks obtained from tortoises from Tunisia. Conventional, multiplex and nested PCRs were used for Aanaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia canis, Coxiella burnetii and Babesia spp. screening. The molecular analyses revealed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. None of the ticks, were infected by E. canis or C. burnetii species. Co-infection was detected in four ticks. As a conclusion, this is the first detection of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in H. aegyptium ticks collected from tortoises, in Tunisia. Thus, considering these results, the spur-thighed tortoise constitute a potential host of H. aegyptium which plays an important role in the transmission of pathogenic agents affecting both human and animals. In term of public health, a strict control and surveillance should be carried to reduce the circulation of such pathogens between different hosts

Influence of the drying mode of support on the properties of Pd/Al2O3–ZrO2 materials used for methane combustion

Abstract This work constitutes a new trial to enhance the properties of palladium supported on alumina modified with zirconium used as catalysts for methane combustion. The effect of the support drying mode is studied. For this aim, Al2O3-ZrO2 binary oxides with zirconium loading of 2 and 5% in weight were prepared using sol–gel process then dried under ordinary or supercritical conditions. Palladium with a loading of 0.5% was deposited on the support by wet impregnation. Several techniques have been used to investigate differences between the two types of the derived catalysts

Molecular prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in goats’ milk and seroprevalence in Northwest Tunisia

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis with high impact on human and animal health. Consumption of unpasteurized milk is a risk factor of human toxoplasmosis. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence and molecular prevalence of T. gondii in goats’ milk in Northwest of Tunisia (Jendouba Governorate). A total number of 77 blood samples were collected from six herds were screened with a commercial ELISA kit for T. gondii antibodies. For the same goats’ samples, a nested PCR was performed to detect T. gondii DNA in milk. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 31.2% (±0.05) while the molecular prevalence of this parasite in milk was estimated to 7.8% (±0.03). A very low value of kappa showed that there is not agreement between seroprevalence and parasite prevalence in milk. These results suggest that the consumption of raw milk from naturally infected goats is a potential source of human infection. An extension programme should be implemented to decrease related to goats’ raw milk consumption