Efeitos da rosiglitazona sobre a função endotelial em indivíduos não-diabéticos com síndrome metabólica

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos de um sensibilizador de insulina - rosiglitazona (ROSI) sobre a função endotelial e marcadores de ativação endotelial em um grupo de indivíduos com síndrome metabólica não-diabéticos. MÉTODOS: O grupo foi composto de dezoito indivíduos (doze mulheres, seis homens), com 41,2 ± 9,7 anos e IMC de 37,8 ± 6,1 kg/m². A dose de ROSI utilizada foi 8 mg/dia durante doze semanas. Um grupo de nove indivíduos saudáveis, com 26,1 ± 4,4 anos e IMC de 21,7 ± 1,7 kg/m², foi estudado no estado basal para comparação da resposta vasodilatadora. A função endotelial foi avaliada através da pletismografia de oclusão venosa com infusão intra-arterial de acetilcolina (Ach) e nitroprussiato de sódio (SNP). Foram dosados: glicose, insulina, lipídeos, fibrinogênio e proteína C reativa ultra-sensível (PCR). Os índices HOMA e Quicki foram calculados para quantificar a resistência insulínica (RI). RESULTADOS: Houve melhora nos índices de RI com diminuição do HOMA-R e aumento do Quicki, além de diminuição da PCR e do fibrinogênio. A vasodilatação endotélio-dependente melhorou, com aumento no porcentual de incremento do fluxo sangüíneo após Ach e aumento no porcentual de decremento da resistência vascular. Não foi observada diferença na vasodilatação endotélio-independente. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de ROSI induziu uma redução da RI, do fibrinogênio e da PCR e melhorou a função endotelial em indivíduos com SM não-diabéticos. Esses dados sugerem o papel dessa substância na regulação da função endotelial em indivíduos com alto risco cardiovascular

Waist circumference is independently associated with liver steatosis and fibrosis in LMNA-related and unrelated Familial Partial Lipodystrophy women

Abstract Background Lipodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the selective loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue and ectopic fat deposition in different organs, including the liver. This study aimed to determine the frequencies of liver steatosis (LS) and liver fibrosis (LF) in a sample of individuals with LMNA-related and unrelated Familial Partial Lipodystrophy. Methods This cross-sectional study included 17 women with LMNA-related FPLD and 15 women with unrelated FPLD. LS and LF were assessed using transient elastography (TE) with FibroScan®. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were included in a multiple linear regression analysis to identify the variables that were independently related to liver disease. Results Regarding the presence of LF, 22 (68.2%) women were classified as having non-significant fibrosis, and 10 (31.8%) were classified as having significant or severe fibrosis. Regarding LS, only six women (20.7%) were classified as having an absence of steatosis, and 23 (79.3%) had mild to severe steatosis. After multiple linear regression, waist circumference (but not age, body mass index, or waist-to-hip ratio) was found to be independently related to LS and LF. Among the biochemical variables, only triglyceride levels were independently related to LS but not LF. Conclusions In women with FPLD, visceral fat accumulation appears to be the most important determinant of liver disease, including LF, rather than fat scarcity in the lower limbs

A New Method for Body Fat Evaluation, Body Adiposity Index, Is Useful in Women With Familial Partial Lipodystrophy

BMI is a widely used method to evaluate adiposity. However, it has several limitations, particularly an inability to differentiate lean from fat mass. A new method, body adiposity index (BAI), has been recently proposed as a new measurement capable to determine fat excess better than BMI. the aim of this study was to investigate BAI as a mean to evaluate adiposity in a group of women with familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) and compare it with BMI. Thirteen women with FLPD Dunnigan type (FPLD2) and 13 healthy volunteers matched by age and BMI were studied. Body fat content and distribution were analyzed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Plasma leptin was also measured. BAI was significantly lower in FPLD2 in comparison to control group (24.6 +/- 1.5 vs. 30.4 +/- 4.3; P < 0.001) and presented a more significant correlation with total fat (%) (r = 0.71; P < 0.001) and fat Mass (g) (r = 0.80; P < 0.001) than BMI (r = 0.27; P = 0.17 for total fat and r = 0.52; P = 0.006 for fat mass). There was a correlation between leptin and BAI (r = -0.54; P = 0.004), but not between leptin and BMI. in conclusion, BAI was able to catch differences in adiposity in a sample of FPLD2 patients. It also correlated better with leptin levels than BMI. Therefore, we provide further evidence that BAI may become a more reliable indicator of fat mass content than the currently available measurements.Inst Estadual Diabet & Endocrinol Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilPUC RJ, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Body composition study by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in familial partial lipodystrophy: finding new tools for an objective evaluation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are clinically heterogeneous disorders characterized by selective loss of adipose tissue, insulin resistance and metabolic complications. Until genetic studies become available for clinical practice, clinical suspicion and pattern of fat loss are the only parameters leading clinicians to consider the diagnosis. The objective of this study was to compare body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in patients with FPLD and control subjects, aiming to find objective variables for evaluation of FPLD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eighteen female patients with partial lipodystrophy phenotype and 16 healthy controls, matched for body mass index, sex and age were studied. All participants had body fat distribution evaluated by DXA measures. Fasting blood samples were obtained for evaluation of plasma leptin, lipid profile and inflammatory markers. Genetic studies were carried out on the 18 patients selected that were included for statistical analysis. Thirteen women confirmed diagnosis of Dunnigan-type FPLD (FPLD2).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>DXA revealed a marked decrease in truncal fat and 3 folds decrease in limbs fat percentage in FPLD2 patients (p <0.001). Comparative analysis showed that ratio between trunk and lower limbs fat mass, characterized as Fat Mass Ratio (FMR), had a greater value in FLPD2 group (1.86 ± 0.43 vs controls 0.93 ± 0.10; p <0.001) and a improved accuracy for evaluating FPLD2 with a cut-off point of 1.2. Furthermore, affected women showed hypoleptinemia (FLPD2 4.9 ± 2.0 vs controls 18.2 ± 6.8; p <0.001), insulin resistance and a more aggressive lipid profile.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this study, assessment of body fat distribution by DXA permitted an objective characterization of FLPD2. A consistent pattern with marked fat reduction of lower body was observed in affected patients. To our knowledge this is the first time that cut-off values of objective variables were proposed for evaluation of FPLD2.</p