Socio-Organisational Approach to Online Banking Transaction Risk Communication inside Banks in Jordan

This study aims to investigate the innovation of Online Banking Transaction (OBT) risk communication issues inside banks in Jordan from the socioorganisational point-of-view through studying the effects of national and organisational cultures on the risk communication process. Although risk communication issue has been approved to be one of the success reasons of Online Banking (OB) usage, the risk communication approaches that have been developed during past years tend to offer narrow technically oriented solutions, and they have not paid enough attention to the social aspects of risks and the informal structures of organizations. Using the previous research findings, this study presents a socioorganisational approach to the OBT risk communication innovation process inside banks in Jordan, which enrich the in depth understanding for practical projects and empirical research contexts

A Fractional LC − RC Circuit

Mathematics Subject Classification: 26A33, 30B10, 33B15, 44A10, 47N70, 94C05We suggest a fractional differential equation that combines the simple harmonic oscillations of an LC circuit with the discharging of an RC circuit. A series solution is obtained for the suggested fractional differential equation. When the fractional order α = 0, we get the solution for the RC circuit, and when α = 1, we get the solution for the LC circuit. For arbitrary α we get a general solution which shows how the oscillatory behavior (LC circuit) go over to a decay behavior (RC circuit) as grows from 0 to 1, and vice versa. An explanation of the behavior is proposed based on the idea of the evolution of a resistive property in the inductor giving a new value to the inductance that affects the frequency of the oscillator

Electron coherence at low temperatures: The role of magnetic impurities

We review recent experimental progress on the saturation problem in metallic quantum wires. In particular, we address the influence of magnetic impurities on the electron phase coherence time. We also present new measurements of the phase coherence time in ultra-clean gold and silver wires and analyse the saturation of \tauphi in these samples, cognizant of the role of magnetic scattering. For the cleanest samples, Kondo temperatures below 1 mK and extremely-small magnetic-impurity concentration levels of less than 0.08 ppm have to be assumed to attribute the observed saturation to the presence of magnetic impurities.Comment: review article, 14 pages, 11 figures. Physica E (in press

A systematic review of the purposes of Blockchain and fog computing integration: classification and open issues.

The fog computing concept was proposed to help cloud computing for the data processing of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, fog computing faces several challenges such as security, privacy, and storage. One way to address these challenges is to integrate blockchain with fog computing. There are several applications of blockchain-fog computing integration that have been proposed, recently, due to their lucrative benefits such as enhancing security and privacy. There is a need to systematically review and synthesize the literature on this topic of blockchain-fog computing integration. The purposes of integrating blockchain and fog computing were determined using a systematic literature review approach and tailored search criteria established from the research questions. In this research, 181 relevant papers were found and reviewed. The results showed that the authors proposed the combination of blockchain and fog computing for several purposes such as security, privacy, access control, and trust management. A lack of standards and laws may make it difficult for blockchain and fog computing to be integrated in the future, particularly in light of newly developed technologies like quantum computing and artificial intelligence. The findings of this paper serve as a resource for researchers and practitioners of blockchain-fog computing integration for future research and designs

ODNOS INVESTICIJA I ŠTEDNJE U MENA ZEMLJAMA: RAZDVAJANJE BRUTO ŠTEDNJE

The paper disentangles gross savings into government and private savings and investigate their impact on gross investment. Our methodology is based on a balanced panel of four MENA countries (Tunisia, Jordan, Egypt and Lebanon) for the period 2000-2017 by employing the Panel Vector Autoregressive Model (PVAR). Our findings show that government savings as a ratio of GDP does not have any impact on investment while private savings as a ratio of GDP does. Both variables exhibit the correct signs. The results also show that mobility of private saving is high and seemingly statistically inconsistent with the Fielstein and Horioka (1980) puzzle. Our paper also reveals that even though OECD countries are more open than our sample countries, the higher capital mobility of our sample is driven by the economic and political instability in the region.Rad razgraničava bruto štednju na državnu i privatnu štednju te istražuje njihov utjecaj na bruto investicije. Metodologija se temelji na uravnoteženom panelu četiri zemlje Bliskog istoka i Afrike (Tunis, Jordan, Egipat i Libanon) za razdoblje od 2000. do 2017. primjenom panel vektorskog autoregreijskog modela (PVAR). Rezultati pokazuju da državna štednja kao omjer BDP-a nema utjecaja na investicije, dok privatna štednja kao omjer BDP -a ima. Obje varijable potvrđuju očekivani predznak. Rezultati također pokazuju da je mobilnost privatne štednje velika i naizgled statistički neusklađena s zagonetkom Fielstein i Horioka (1980.). Ovaj članak također otkriva da, iako su zemlje OECD-a otvorenije od zemalja promatranog uzorka, veća mobilnost kapitala promatranog uzorka je posljedica ekonomske i političke nestabilnosti u regiji

UTJECAJ FINANCIRANJA DEFICITA NA EKONOMSKU STABILNOST: SLUČAJ JORDANA

This study examines the effect of defi cit fi nancing on economic stability in Jordan during the period 2005-2017, using quarterly data by employing the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) after seasonally adjusting the variables. This paper is unique as it is the fi rst of its kind that tackles the issue of stability in Jordan. It provides empirical evidence that external borrowing (EBDT) and domestic bank fi nancing (BANK) negatively affect economic stability in Jordan. The bank effect is due to crowding out the private sector. External borrowing negative impact is driven by the current high level of outstanding public debt, 98 percent of GDP. Public debt is mainly channeled to fi nance current expenditures at the expense of capital expenditures, which has a minimal impact on growth. Interest rate (REPO) effect is in line with the fi nance theory as higher rates lead to lower growth. Nonbank fi nancing (NonBank), although not statistically signifi cant, exhibits the right sign as it has a positive effect. Future research may extend this work by including other macroeconomic variables such as current account defi cit, money supply and direct foreign investment.U ovom se radu ispituje utjecaj financiranja deficita na ekonomsku stabilnost u Jordanu u razdoblju od 2005. do 2017. godine, temeljem tromjesečnih podataka, korištenjem vektorskog modela korekcije pogreške (VECM) nakon sezonskog prilagođavanja varijabli. Ovaj je rad jedinstven jer je prvi takve vrste koji se bavi pitanjem stabilnosti u Jordanu. Rad pruža empirijske dokaze da vanjsko zaduživanje (EBDT) i financiranje domaćih banaka (BANK) negativno utječu na ekonomsku stabilnost u Jordanu. Učinak banke posljedica je istiskivanja privatnog sektora. Negativni utjecaj vanjskog zaduživanja utječe na trenutačno visoku razinu nepodmirenog javnog duga od 98 posto BDP-a. Javni dug uglavnom se usmjerava na financiranje tekućih rashoda na teret kapitalnih rashoda, što ima minimalan utjecaj na rast. Učinak kamatnih stopa (REPO) u skladu je s teorijom financija jer veće stope dovode do nižeg rasta. Nebankarsko financiranje (NonBank), iako nije statistički značajno, pokazuje pravi predznak, jer ima pozitivan učinak. Buduća istraživanja mogu proširiti ovaj rad uključivanjem ostalih makroekonomskih varijabli poput deficita tekućeg računa, novčane mase i izravnih stranih ulaganja

ENAS-B: Combining ENAS with Bayesian Optimisation for Automatic Design of Optimal CNN Architectures for Breast Lesion Classification from Ultrasound Images

Efficient Neural Architecture Search (ENAS) is a recent development in searching for optimal cell structures for Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) design. It has been successfully used in various applications including ultrasound image classification for breast lesions. However, the existing ENAS approach only optimises cell structures rather than the whole CNN architecture nor its trainable hyperparameters. This paper presents a novel framework for automatic design of CNN architectures by combining strengths of ENAS and Bayesian Optimisation in two folds. Firstly, we use ENAS to search for optimal normal and reduction cells. Secondly, with the optimal cells and a suitable hyperparameter search space, we adopt Bayesian Optimisation to find the optimal depth of the network and optimal configuration of the trainable hyperparameters. To test the validity of the proposed framework, a dataset of 1,522 breast lesion ultrasound images is used for the searching and modelling. We then evaluate the robustness of the proposed approach by testing the optimized CNN model on three external datasets consisting of 727 benign and 506 malignant lesion images. We further compare the CNN model with the default ENAS-based CNN model, and then with CNN models based on the state-of-the-art architectures. The results (error rate of no more than 20.6% on internal tests and 17.3% on average of external tests) showed that the proposed framework generates robust and light CNN models

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibition enhances chronic obstructive pulmonary disease picture in mice exposed to waterpipe smoke

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by destruction of alveolar architecture. Preclinical modelling for COPD is challenging. Chronic cigarette smoke exposure, the reference animal model of COPD, is time-inefficient, while exposure to waterpipe smoke (WPS), a surging smoking modality, was not fully tested for its histopathological pulmonary consequences. Since alveolar damage and pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction are integral to COPD pathology, lung histopathological effects of WPS were temporally evaluated, alone or in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibition in mice.Materials and methods: Mice were exposed to WPS, 3 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 1, 2, 3, or 4 months. Another group of mice was exposed to WPS for 1 month, while being subjected to injections with the VEGFR blocker Sugen5416 (SU, 20 mg/kg) 3 times weekly. Control mice were exposed to fresh air in a matching inhalation chamber. Histopathological assessment of COPD was performed. Alveolar destructive index (DI) was counted as the percentage of abnormally enlarged alveoli with damaged septa per all alveoli counted. Mean linear intercept (MLI) was calculated as a measure of airspace enlargement.Results: Exposure to WPS resulted in significant increases in alveolar DI and MLI only after 4 months. Lung inflammatory score was minimal across all time-points. Importantly, combination of WPS and SU resulted in significantly increased DI, MLI, and inflammatory scores as early as 1 month post exposure.Conclusions: Combined exposure to WPS and SU results in COPD picture, highlighting the role of pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction in the disease

Land cover analysis using Sentinel-2 for humanitarian mine action and ERW survey

Unexploded landmines and other explosive devices (both anti-vehicle and anti-personnel) that are buried during conflict or war present effects that are felt long-term after the conflict or war – and the immediate inhabitants are hit harder by the devastation. This impact – by extension – to the government - presents many challenges as it hinders the social and economic development of the affected areas resulting in abandoning of lands. These weapons can be found on roads, footpaths, agricultural fields, deserts, forests, in and surrounding houses and school. They deny access to water, food and hinders the movement and other basic activities of people. Remote sensing data have been used successfully in identifying objects and studying the changes in the land cover for different applications such as agriculture, vegetations, built up areas, rivers and wetlands. This extended abstract presents our recent published framework [4] to help with the non-technical survey process by identifying minefield related indicators using land-cover analysis. We use remote sensing images from sentinel-2 to estimate the changes in vegetation and non-vegetation in different suspected areas. The mount and number of changes during a period are estimated to provide recommendations on suspected hazardous areas in Cambodia qualified for clearance. Our analysis is the first which directly uses sentinel-2 to estimate the changes in vegetation and non-vegetation for non-technical survey. Russia-Ukraine war may result in landmine and unexploded ordnance (UXO) killing people. Many of them are children. Participating in the UK-Ukraine Digital Theme Research Twinning Initiative can help developing our work in [4] to other cases study such as Ukraine