Translation And Conflict: Arab-Spring Uprisings and Their Impact on Translation from Arabic into English

Abstract The present dissertation intends to provide a detailed account of the main issues of translation from Arabic into English and to highlight the roles that translators and translations can play in terms of elaborating, subverting, or undermining narratives circulated about certain communities and events. To do so, the present dissertation uses narrative theory in translation studies as developed by Mona Baker as a theoretical framework to describe the translation scene from Arabic into English in the wake of the Arab-Springuprisings. The dissertation provides a brief introduction to the narrative theory in translation followed by a discussion of the main disciplinary narratives that take the field of Arabic into English translation as their field of inquiry. This discussion is significant as a way of explaining the increase in the number of titles translated from Arabic into English after 2010. Another important element that is discussed as part of this dissertation is the analysis of paratextual practices and shifts that a translated book undergoes. The expanded analysis can uncover the subtle framing practices that cannot be understood through analysis of translated texts alone

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely