HOW GUANXI INFLUENCES THE TURNOVER INTENTIONS, AND JOB SATISFACTION OF PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES FROM SAUDI ARABIA

Saudi Arabia has one the most diversified and rapidly changing job markets among the Arab countries. One the most felt changes include the increase in the use of guanxi in the private sector, either between businesses or individuals. The use of guanxi enables individuals to acquire favors from other persons, which places the beneficiary in a better position, especially on competitiveness. Guanxi can have various effects on the recipient as well as the other members of the organization; some of the most affected values include the turnover intention and job satisfaction. However, the impact of the guanxi effect on job satisfaction and the turnover intention may be dependent on over variables like the job security and situational factors such as individual performance and organizational justice. The proposed study aims at explaining the effect of the guanxi concept in the turnover intention and job satisfaction in the Saudi Arabian private sector. The study will consider the contribution of job security, individual performance, and organizational justice in the development of the relationshi

Impact of Local employee Guanxi on Job Satisfaction and TurnoverIntention: the Mediating Role of Job Security

In the recent past, Saudi Arabia has experienced an influx of foreign workers. Most of the jobs that were traditionally occupied by the locals are now taken up by foreign workers. We explore the Guanxi and country policies that have dictated the job situation in this particular region. (Cooper, 2006) In this article we look into the both literature review and research methodologies used in the study. The exchange favors and the relationships created with business mindset are as well suggested. Additionally this article elaborates on the research type of research used in establishing the predetermined objectives. Data sampling methods and their significance are considered. It gives a reflection on the real Guanxi policies on the job market currently (Eisenberger, 2001). The article investigates the policies implemented to curb conflict development between locals and foreigners. The implications of the Guanxi policies are implemented. Given that the locals are now skilled to occupy the jobs but are still missing the opportunities

HOW THE LOCAL MARKET OPENNESS POLICY TOWARDS FOREIGN WORKERS EFFECTS TURNOVER INTENTION, AND JOB SATISFACTION: A SAUDI ARABIAN PRIVATE SECTOR CONTEXT

The Saudi Arabian private sector has increasingly shown openness towards foreigners by providing them with a larger fraction of opportunities than the nationals. The increase in the number of foreigners working in the private sector has led to significant change in the local market with much effect on the cost of labor and hiring trends. The tendency has resulted in unrest among the Saudis as they face higher unemployment rates as well as lack of security in the current positions. The entry of more academically qualified foreigners into the market worsens the level of job insecurity as more individuals lack satisfaction in their positions or intend to go for government positions. The current study will examine the effect of local policy openness to foreigners on the turnover intention and job satisfaction with reference to the Saudi Arabia private sector context. The lack of job security will mediate the effect of the local market policy openness to foreigners on the turnover intention and job satisfaction. On the other hand, the level of education will moderate the relationship between the local market openness to foreigners and the job security while the organizational justice will moderate the effect of job security on satisfaction and the turnover intention

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Initially Presented with Abdominal Cutaneous Mass and Hyperthyroidism

A 63-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a tender abdominal wall mass about 15 cm in diameter, which she had for 1 month. About 1 week earlier, the patient had also perceived a mass in the neck area. Computed tomography revealed huge thyroid and periumbilical masses. The thyroid hormone levels were consistent with a hyperthyroid state. Pathological examination of the thyroid mass was compatible with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and the abdominal cutaneous mass was shown to be metastatic ATC. Despite palliative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the patient died of respiratory failure on her 63rd day of hospitalization. This case demonstrates that abdominal cutaneous metastasis and hyperthyroidism can occur as initial manifestations of ATC. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas: a case report

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas is a rare variant of pancreatic exocrine carcinoma. We report a case of 70 year old man who came to our hospital with abdominal pain, anorexia and jaundice. Imaging of the abdomen showed a mass in the region of the head of the pancreas. Histological evaluation of the pancreatic tumor showed an adenosquamous carcinoma which was extensively infiltrative with perineural invasion, involvement of peripancreatic lymph nodes and all the thickness of the duodenum wall. The tumor exhibited a biphasic malignant growth identified as well to moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma and well to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas with an acantholytic pattern together with osteoclast-like and pleomorphic giant cells

A 45 year old man presented with abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and significant weight loss over a period of about four weeks. Imaging of the abdomen showed a mass in the region of the head of the pancreas. In view of the size of the mass and the clinical picture, a Whipple’s procedure was performed. Histological evaluation of the pancreatic tumour showed an adenosquamous carcinoma (predominantly composed of squamous carcinoma), which was extensively infiltrative with perineural invasion and involvement of peripancreatic lymph nodes. Areas of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia grade III and merging of the squamous and adenocarcinoma components were evident. Unusual histological features that characterised this case included a pronounced acantholytic pattern within the squamous carcinoma component, and the presence of both osteoclastic and pleomorphic giant cells. Giant cells have not been documented previously in association with an adenosquamous carcinoma. Although an acantholytic pattern has been noted in squamous carcinomas in other sites, this is the first report of such a pattern in an adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas