5 research outputs found
Prevalence and characterization of maxillary sinus septa in a brazilian population
The aim of this study was to assess the anatomic aspects of the maxillary sinus septa, by means of computed tomography images, in a Brazilian population. The results might be of clinical significance in sinus lift surgery planning. In the study, 123 co
AnĂĄlise genotĂpica e fenotĂpica de molĂ©culas envolvidas na resposta imune e avaliação do potencial citotĂłxico em cĂ©lulas de indivĂduos com diferentes formas clĂnicas da doença periodontal
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Previous issue date: 17A doença periodontal Ă© uma doença infecciosa que envolve bactĂ©rias Gram-negativas, cujos fatores patogĂȘnicos podem estimular cĂ©lulas do hospedeiro a produzirem fatores destrutivos aos tecidos de sustentação dos dentes. Ă tambĂ©m evidente a contribuição de uma base genĂ©tica tanto para o inĂcio quanto para a progressĂŁo da doença. O objetivo geral do atual trabalho foi avaliar a expressĂŁo genotĂpica e fenotĂpica de genes envolvidos com a resposta imune de indivĂduos com doença periodontal, bem como avaliar a expressĂŁo de citocinas inflamatĂłrias e molĂ©culas citolĂticas efetoras por subpopulaçÔes celulares no sangue perifĂ©rico de indivĂduos sem a doença periodontal (grupo controle-C) e indivĂduos com as diferentes formas clĂnicas da doença periodontal (periodontite agressiva-PA e periodontite crĂŽnica-PC). Dentre os objetivos especĂficos, no estudo genotĂpico, estudou-se a ocorrĂȘncia de polimorfismos nos genes CD28, CTLA-4 e IL-10, bem como a ocorrĂȘncia de associaçÔes destes polimorfismos com uma maior ou menor perda de inserção clĂnica em indivĂduos com as formas clĂnicas PA e PC. O estudo fenotĂpico, por sua vez, teve como objetivos especĂficos avaliar a expressĂŁo das molĂ©culas co-estimuladoras, CD28 e CTLA-4, alĂ©m de avaliar o perfil de expressĂŁo de citocinas (IFN- e IL-17) e o potencial citotĂłxico de molĂ©culas citolĂticas efetoras (Granzima A e perforina) em cĂ©lulas do sangue perifĂ©rico, submetidas ou nĂŁo ao estĂmulo com os diferentes LPS (E. coli e P. gingivalis), provenientes de indivĂduos com ausĂȘncia de doença periodontal e indivĂduos com as diferentes formas clĂnicas da mesma. Para o estudo genotĂpico foram utilizados raspados de mucosa jugal, enquanto que para o estudo fenotĂpico foram utilizadas amostras de sangue perifĂ©rico de indivĂduos com a doença e indivĂduos clinicamente sadios do ponto de vista periodontal. Sumarizando, os resultados revelaram: (1) associação do polimorfismo T/C, no locus +17, do gene CD28 com a PA em indivĂduos nĂŁo fumantes; (2) associação do polimorfismo A/G, no locus +49, do gene CTLA-4 com uma maior perda de inserção clĂnica em indivĂduos nĂŁo fumantes com PA; (3) ausĂȘncia de associação dos polimorfismos C/A, locus -592; C/T, locus -819 e G/A, locus -1082, do gene IL-10 com as diferentes formas clĂnicas e com a perda de inserção, em indivĂduos nĂŁo fumantes; (4) anĂĄlise multivariada dos polimorfismos do gene IL-10 revelou uma associação do genĂłtipo A +, no locus -592, do gene IL-10 com um maior risco dos indivĂduos desenvolverem as diferentes formas clĂnicas da doença periodontal, considerando o fator de risco fumo;(5) maior percentual de cĂ©lulas T CD4 + CTLA-4 + no grupo PC em relação ao grupo PA, estando as cĂ©lulas submetidas ao estĂmulo de P. gingivalis, indicando, possivelmente, uma resposta mais controlada dos linfĂłcitos nos indivĂduos do grupo PC; (6) maior frequĂȘncia de cĂ©lulas T CD8 + expressando IFN- , em indivĂduos com PA, quando cultivadas com P. gingivalis em relação Ă s cĂ©lulas na ausĂȘncia de estĂmulo; (7) aumento na produção total de IL-17 por linfĂłcitos de indivĂduos com PC; quando estimulados com P. gingivalis em relação ao estĂmulo com E. coli, provavelmente relacionado ao uso do LPS da bactĂ©ria periodontopatogĂȘnica mais associada com a PC; (8) maior frequĂȘncia de cĂ©lulas CD4 -CD8 -IL17 + nos indivĂduos com PA e PC, quando estimuladas com P. gingivalis em relação ao estĂmulo com E. coli, indicando uma hiper-reatividade potencial dessas cĂ©lulas; (9) menor contribuição de cĂ©lulas T CD4+ para a produção de IL-17, quando submetidas ao estĂmulo com P. gingivalis se comparadas ao de E. coli; (10) maior frequĂȘncia de cĂ©lulas CD4 -CD8 -Granzima A + no grupo PC em relação ao grupo C, em todas as condiçÔes de cultura, sugerindo uma possĂvel atuação na patogĂȘnese da PC; (11) aumento na frequĂȘncia de cĂ©lulas CD4 -CD8 -perforina + no grupo PC, em relação aos grupos C e PA, em todas as condiçÔes de cultura, sugerindo atuação na patogĂȘnese da PC, (12) cĂ©lulas CD4 -CD8 -sĂŁo as principais produtoras de perforina, nos grupos C, PA e PC, quando cultivadas com P. gingivalis se comparadas Ă s cultivadas com E. coli, reforçando a presença de respostas variadas frente aos diferentes estĂmulos de LPS. Tomados em conjunto, esses dados destacam a importĂąncia da avaliação de polimorfismos genĂ©ticos que possam auxiliar no estabelecimento de grupos de risco, alĂ©m de apontar para populaçÔes celulares potencialmente envolvidas com a patogĂȘnese da doença periodontal. Dentre nossos resultados, destacam-se as cĂ©lulas CD4 -CD8 -, cuja expressĂŁo de citocinas e molĂ©culas citotĂłxicas foi evidente. Estes dados apontam para a clara importĂąncia em identificar e caracterizar essas cĂ©lulas.Periodontal disease is an oral infectious disease caused by pathogenic factors derived from Gram-negative bacteria that lead to destruction of tooth-supporting structures. In addition to the role played by host cells, the contribution of a genetic basis for both the beginning and disease progression is also evident. The overall objective of the current study was to evaluate the genotypic and phenotypic expression of genes involved in the immune response of subjects with periodontal disease. In addition, we aimed to assess the expression of inflammatory cytokines and cytolytic effector molecules from distinct lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of individuals with different clinical forms of periodontal disease (aggressive periodontitisAP and chronic periodontitisCP) as well as health individuals (control group-C). In the genotypic study, the objectives consisted of investigating the occurrence of polymorphisms in CD28, CTLA-4 and IL-10. Moreover, we evaluated possible associations of these polymorphisms with greater or lesser clinical attachment loss in individuals with clinical forms AP and CP. The phenotypic study, on the other hand, aimed to evaluate the expression of costimulatory molecules, CD28 e CTLA-4, in addition to evaluate the cytokine (IFN- and IL-17) and the cytotoxic potential of cell populations by the analysis of expression of cytolytic molecules (granzyme A and perforin) from subjects with no periodontal disease and individuals with different clinical forms of the disease. Peripheral blood cells were stimulated in culture with different LPS (derived from E. coli and P. gingivalis). For the genotypic study scrapings from oral mucosa were collected, whereas for phenotypical study samples of peripheral blood from individuals with the periodontal disease and healthy individuals, according to clinical criteria, were collected. In summary, the results showed: (1) association of the polymorphism T/C at locus +17, CD28 gene with AP in nonsmokers individuals; (2) association of the polymorphism A/G at locus +49, CTLA-4 gene with a higher clinical attachment loss in nonsmokers with AP; (3) lack of association of polymorphisms C/A, -592 locus, C/T, -819 locus and G/A, -1082 locus, IL-10 gene with the different clinical forms, and clinical attachment loss in nonsmokers; (4) multivariate analysis of IL-10 polymorphisms revealed an association between the A+ genotype in the locus -592 (C/A) of IL-10 gene with a greater risk of individuals develop the different clinical forms of periodontal disease, taking smoking into consideration; (5) higher percentage of CD4 + CTLA-4 + T cells in CP group compared to the AP group, the cells being subjected to the stimulation of P. gingivalis, indicating possibly a better controlled response of lymphocytes in individuals CP group; (6) higher frequency of CD8 +T cells expressing IFN- , in subjects with AP when grown with P. gingivalis compared to cells in the absence of stimulation; (7) an increase in total production of IL-17 by lymphocytes from individuals with CP; when stimulated with P. gingivalis in relation to stimulation with E. coli, probably related to the use of periodontopathogenic bacteria LPS more associated with the CP; (8) increased frequency of CD4 -CD8 -IL17 + in individuals with AP and CP, when challenged with P. gingivalis compared to stimulation with E. coli, indicating a hyper-reactivity potential of these cells; (9) lower contribution of CD4 + T cells to produce IL-17, when subjected to stimulation with P. gingivalis compared to E. coli; (10) increased frequency of CD4 -CD8-Granzyme A+ in CP group than in group C, in all culture conditions, indicating a potential role for these cells in the pathogenesis of CP; (11) increase in the frequency of cells CD4 -CD8 -perforin + in CP group, when compared to groups C and AP, in every culture conditions, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of CP, (12) CD4-CD8-are the main producers of perforin, in groups C, AP and CP, when grown with P. gingivalis compared to those cultured with E. coli, reinforcing the presence of varied responses to different stimuli of LPS. Taken together, these data highlight the importance of assessing genetic polymorphisms that may assist in establishing risk groups, while pointing to cell populations potentially involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Among our results, we highlight the CD4 -CD8-cells whose expression of cytokines and cytotoxic molecules was evident. These data demonstrate the clear importance to identify and characterize these cells
Comparison of cutaneous incisions to approach the infraorbital rim and orbital floor
Aim: The aim of this article was to retrospectively analyze and
compare the esthetic outcomes achieved after the use of 20 subciliary
incisions, 22 subtarsal incisions and 16 infraorbital incisions to
approach the infraorbital rim and orbital floor in orbital fractures.
Methods: The sample consisted of 58 patients (37 males and 21 females)
with orbital trauma (floor and infraorbital rim) treated with open
reduction and internal rigid fixation in the Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery at "Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal",
Brazil, between September 1996 and August 2003. The following aspects
were evaluated: (1) the average distance of the scars measured from the
ciliary margin caudally, (2) the esthetic appearance of the scars, (3)
chronic lid edema, (4) scleral show, (5) ectropion. Results:
Subciliary incision demonstrated better surgical results when compared
to the non-subciliary incisions. No statistically significant
difference in chronic lid edema rates was found between the three
groups of incisions (Fisher, p>0.217 in all cases). There was no
statistically significant difference in ectropion, scleral show and
chronic edema rates between the three groups of incisions.
Conclusions: The subciliary and subtarsal incisions offer better
esthetic results than the infraorbital incision
Comparison of cutaneous incisions to approach the infraorbital rim and orbital floor
e aim of this article was to retrospectively analyze and compare the esthetic outcomes achieved after the use of 20 subciliary incisions, 22 subtarsal incisions and 16 infraorbital incisions to approach the infraorbital rim and orbital floor in orbital fractures. Methods: The sample consisted of 58 patients (37 males and 21 females) with orbital trauma (floor and infraorbital rim) treated with open reduction and internal rigid fixation in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, Brazil, between September 1996 and August 2003. The following aspects were evaluated: (1) the average distance of the scars measured from the ciliary margin caudally, (2) the esthetic appearance of the scars, (3) chronic lid edema, (4) scleral show, (5) ectropion. Results: Subciliary incision demonstrated better surgical results when compared to the non-subciliary incisions. No statistically significant difference in chronic lid edema rates was found between the three groups of incisions (Fisher, p>0.217 in all cases). There was no statistically significant difference in ectropion, scleral show and chronic edema rates between the three groups of incisions. Conclusions: The subciliary and subtarsal incisions offer better esthetic results than the infraorbital incision
Divulgação sobre a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais para alunos de escolas pĂșblicas da regiĂŁo metropolitana de Belo Horizonte
Entrance to a Brazilian public university still has been considered an almost unattainable goal for many high school students. Besides, it is extremely surprising that many of these students do not know the actions to be taken to gain access to higher education. Within the context of a lack of information, the project Grupo de Estudantes que Multiplicam e Transformam Ideias (GEMTI) developed educational activities that enabled students from Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and students from public schools of metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte to exchange knowledge among them. It was conducted by reading scientific articles, meetings with the group, audiovisual technology and questionnaires.Through the interventions it became clear that there is a gap in the education system. Thus, the GEMTI team believes that the outreach actions contributed positively to give them opportunity to reflect and to obtain knowledge as well as contributing to improve their professional future and the students as well.O ingresso em uma universidade pĂșblica brasileira tem sido considerado, ainda, um objetivo quase inalcançåvel por diversos alunos do ensino mĂ©dio. Ă surpreendente que muitos desses estudantes nĂŁo saibam qual a conduta a ser tomada para ter acesso ao ensino superior. Nesse contexto de escassez de informaçÔes, o Projeto Grupo de Estudantes que Multiplicam e Transformam Ideias (GEMTI) elaborou açÔes educativas que possibilitaram a troca de conhecimentos entre graduandos da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) e estudantes de escolas pĂșblicas da regiĂŁo metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Para o seu desenvolvimento, foram utilizados recursos como: leitura de artigos cientĂficos; encontros com a equipe; tecnologia audiovisual e questionĂĄrio. Com as intervençÔes, tornou-se perceptĂvel a existĂȘncia de uma lacuna no sistema de ensino. Portanto, a equipe do GEMTI acredita que as açÔes extensionistas contribuĂram positivamente para propiciar reflexĂ”es, alĂ©m de agregar novos conhecimentos para todos os envolvidos, colaborando para um melhor futuro profissional de ambos