Adolescência na percepção de professores do ensino fundamental Adolescencia según la percepción de maestros de enseñanza primaria Adolescence in the perception of primary school teachers

Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com 11 professores de um colégio estadual de Curitiba, para apreender como os professores do ensino fundamental percebem a adolescência. As informações foram coletadas por meio da estratégia Discussão de Grupo e organizadas em quatro categorias temáticas. Identificou-se nos relatos dos professores a pluralidade de significações atribuídas ao processo de adolescer, com ênfase na singularidade da adolescência. A adolescência se constitui em fenômeno singular, apresenta variações de acordo com a cultura, classe social, raça, gênero e idade, configurando distintas formas de vivenciá-la. Mesmo com essa diversidade, é possível desenvolver relações com adolescente que incluam a atenção, dedicação, conforto, paciência e sensibilidade, além da transmissão dos conteúdos curriculares.<br>Se trata de una investigación cualitativa realizada con 11 maestros de enseñanza primaria de una escuela estatal del municipio de Curitiba. Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de entender el modo en el que los maestros de enseñanza primaria perciben la adolescencia. Las informaciones fueron recolectadas por medio de la estrategia de Discusión de Grupo y organizadas en cuatro categorías temáticas. Fue posible identificar, de acuerdo a los discursos de los profesores, la pluralidad de significaciones atribuidas al proceso de crecimiento, con énfasis en la singularidad de la adolescencia. La adolescencia presenta variaciones de acuerdo con la cultura, clase social, raza, género y edad, determinando distintas formas de vivirla. Aún ante tal diversidad, es posible desarrollar relaciones con adolescentes que incluyan la atención, dedicación, bienestar, paciencia y sensibilidad, además de la transmisión de los contenidos curriculares.<br>This qualitative research was performed with 11 primary school teachers at a state school in the city of Curitiba/ Brazil, with the goal to identify how primary school teachers perceive adolescence. The information was collected by means of a Group Discussion strategy and organized in four theme-categories. The teachers' statements revealed the plurality of the adolescence process, stressing its uniqueness. Adolescence is a unique phenomenon, varying according to culture, social class, race, gender and age, configuring distinctive ways of experiencing it. All this diversity, however, enables to develop relations with teenagers, including attention, nurturing, comfort, patience and sensitiveness, besides getting across curricular contents

From omnipotence to exhaustion: the perspectives of adolescents in drug therapy De la omnipotencia al desgaste: las perspectivas del adolescente en tratamiento de quimioterapia Da onipotência ao desgaste: as perspectivas do adolescente em quimioterapia

This study aimed at understanding the meaning of chemotherapeutic treatment for adolescents with cancer. It is a qualitative study using Alfred Schütz’s social phenomenology as a framework. Seven adolescents were interviewed. Four themes emerged from the analysis of their discourses: Impact of the disease on their lives; The discomfort of treatment; Coping strategies and Projection to the future without the disease. The statements of the adolescents revealed that the experience with the chemotherapeutic treatment affects several possibilities of being-in-the-world-with-the-others. The healthcare team plays a fundamental role in the lives of these adolescents, and this relationship goes beyond the scientific level.<br>Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el significado del tratamiento quimioterápico para el adolescente acometido por cáncer. Se trata de investigación de naturaleza cualitativa, utilizando el referencial fenomenológico social de Alfred Schütz. Fueron entrevistados siete adolescentes. Del análisis de los discursos, emergieron cuatro temas: el impacto de la enfermedad en su vida; la incomodidad del tratamiento; las estrategias de enfrentamiento; y la proyección para el futuro sin la enfermedad. La declaración de los adolescentes reveló que la experiencia con el tratamiento quimioterápico afecta las varias posibilidades del ser-en-el-mundo-con-los-otros. El equipo que cuida es parte fundamental en la vida de esos adolescentes, cuya relación ultrapasa lo científico.<br>Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender o significado do tratamento quimioterápico para o adolescente acometido pelo câncer. Trata-se de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com referencial fenomenológico social de Alfred Schütz. Foram entrevistados sete adolescentes. Da análise dos discursos, emergiram quatro temas: impacto da doença em sua vida, o desconforto do tratamento, estratégias de enfrentamento e projeção para o futuro sem a doença. A fala dos adolescentes revelou que a experiência com o tratamento quimioterápico afeta as várias possibilidades do ser-no-mundo-com-os-outros. A equipe que cuida é parte fundamental na vida desses adolescentes, cuja relação ultrapassa o científico

Prevalence of trachoma in school children in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazilian Amazon, and the impact of the introduction of educational and preventive measures on the disease over eight years

Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness in the world and is associated with precarious living conditions in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of trachoma in three municipalities of the Marajó Archipelago, located in the state of Pará, Brazil. In 2008, 2,054 schoolchildren from the public primary school system of the urban area of the region and their communicants were clinically examined; in 2016, 1,502 schoolchildren were examined. The positive cases seen during the clinical evaluation were confirmed by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) laboratory tests. The presence of antibodies against the genus Chlamydia was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and the serotypes were determined by microimmunofluorescence (MIF). In 2008, the prevalence of trachoma among schoolchildren was 3.4% (69 cases) and it was more frequent in children between six and nine years of age and in females; among the communicants, a prevalence of 16.5% was observed. In 2016, three cases of trachoma were diagnosed (prevalence of 0.2%), found only in the municipality of Soure. The results of the present study showed that in 2008, trachoma had a low prevalence (3.4%) among schoolchildren in the urban area of Marajó Archipelago; eight years after the first evaluation and the introduction of control and prevention measures (SAFE strategy), there was a drastic reduction in the number of cases (0.2%), demonstrating the need for constant monitoring and effective measures for the elimination of trachoma