Symbolic dynamics to enhance diagnostic ability of portable oximetry from the Phone Oximeter in the detection of paediatric sleep apnoea

Objective: This study is aimed at assessing symbolic dynamics as a reliable technique to characterize complex fluctuations of portable oximetry in the context of automated detection of childhood obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS). Approach: Nocturnal oximetry signals from 142 children with suspected OSAHS were acquired using the Phone Oximeter: a portable device that integrates a pulse oximeter with a smartphone. An apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ⩾ 5 events h−1 from simultaneous in-lab polysomnography was used to confirm moderate-to-severe childhood OSAHS. Symbolic dynamics was used to parameterise non-linear changes in the overnight oximetry profile. Conventional indices, anthropometric measures, and time-domain linear statistics were also considered. Forward stepwise logistic regression was used to obtain an optimum feature subset. Logistic regression (LR) was used to identify children with moderate-to-severe OSAHS. Main results: The histogram of 3-symbol words from symbolic dynamics showed significant differences (p < 0.01) between children with AHI < 5 events h−1 and moderate-to-severe patients (AHI ⩾ 5 events h−1). Words representing increasing oximetry values after apnoeic events (re-saturations) showed relevant diagnostic information. Regarding the performance of individual characterization approaches, the LR model composed of features from symbolic dynamics alone reached a maximum performance of 78.4% accuracy (65.2% sensitivity; 86.8% specificity) and 0.83 area under the ROC curve (AUC). The classification performance improved combining all features. The optimum model from feature selection achieved 83.3% accuracy (73.5% sensitivity; 89.5% specificity) and 0.89 AUC, significantly (p <0.01) outperforming the other models. Significance: Symbolic dynamics provides complementary information to conventional oximetry analysis enabling reliable detection of moderate-to-severe paediatric OSAHS from portable oximetry

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Región de los Santanderes

A través de la historia, Colombia se ha visto afectada por la violencia, especialmente la población más vulnerable, los campesinos, indígenas y afrodescendientes. Los impactos psicosociales, han dejado marcas imborrables en las víctimas, ocasionando problemas físicos, emocionales, psicológicos, sociales, económicos y culturales, afectando la calidad de vida, el bienestar y la salud mental de las personas. El siguiente trabajo, se basa en el análisis de diferentes relatos, que pertenecen a personas víctimas del conflicto armado, (Ana Ligia Higinio López y campesinos pertenecientes a “Peñas Coloradas”). La narrativa utilizada por los expertos como herramienta psicosocial, dentro del acompañamiento individual y comunitario, facilita la percepción y comprensión de problemas psicosociales y sus diversos impactos en la población; suscita procesos de concientización, auto reflexión y restauración, favoreciendo la reconstrucción de la identidad personal y colectiva, dando un nuevo significado a su vida; permite visualizar las diversas manifestaciones resilientes, que utilizan los sobrevivientes, desde sus propios recursos, como nuevas formas de afrontamiento de la realidad. El ejercicio de la Foto Voz, permite ampliar la visión que el psicólogo tiene de la realidad y sus diversos contextos, profundizando en el conocimiento de la misma, a través de la imagen y la narrativa, evidenciando la subjetividad individual y colectiva. De esta manera, el experto conoce, analiza y comprende la problemática de la población y los impactos producidos por la violencia, gestionando estrategias psicosociales, en y con la comunidad, que favorezcan la transformación social.Throughout history, Colombia has been affected by violence, especially the most vulnerable population, peasants, indigenous people, and people of African descent. The psychosocial impacts have left indelible marks on the victims, causing physical, emotional, psychological, social, economic and cultural problems, affecting people's quality of life, well-being and mental health. The following work is based on the analysis of different stories, which belong to victims of the armed conflict, (Ana Ligia Higinio López and peasants belonging to "Peñas Coloradas"). The narrative used by experts as a psychosocial tool, within individual and community support, facilitates the perception and understanding of psychosocial problems and their various impacts on the population; It generates awareness process, self-reflection and restoration, favoring the reconstruction of personal and collective identity, giving a new meaning to their life; allows to visualize the various resilient manifestations that survivors use, from their own resources, as new ways of coping with reality. The exercise of the Photo Voice allows to broaden the vision that the psychologist has of reality and its various contexts, deepening the knowledge of it, through the image and the narrative, evidencing individual and collective subjectivity. In this way, the expert knows, analyzes and understands the problems of the population and the impacts produced by violence, managing psychosocial strategies, in and with the community, that favor social transformation

No evidence of brown adipose tissue activation after 24 weeks of supervised exercise training in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial

Exercise modulates both brown adipose tissue (BAT)metabolismand white adipose tissue (WAT) browning in murine models. Whether this is true in humans, however, has remained unknown. An unblinded randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129) was therefore conducted to study the effects of a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining endurance and resistance training, on BAT volume and activity (primary outcome). The study was carried out in the Sport and Health University Research Institute and the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital of the University of Granada (Spain). One hundred and forty-five young sedentary adults were assigned to either (i) a control group (no exercise, n = 54), (ii) a moderate intensity exercise group (MOD-EX, n = 48), or (iii) a vigorous intensity exercise group (VIG-EX n = 43) by unrestricted randomization. No relevant adverse events were recorded. 97 participants (34 men, 63 women) were included in the final analysis (Control; n = 35, MOD-EX; n=31, and VIG-EX; n=31).We observed no changes in BAT volume (Δ Control: −22.2 ± 52.6ml; Δ MOD-EX: −15.5 ± 62.1ml, Δ VIG-EX: −6.8 ± 66.4 ml; P = 0.771) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (SUVpeak Δ Control: −2.6 ± 3.1ml; Δ MOD-EX: −1.2 ± 4.8, Δ VIG-EX: −2.2 ± 5.1; p = 0.476) in either the control or the exercise groups. Thus, we did not find any evidence of an exercise-induced change on BAT volume or activity in young sedentary adults.Spanish Government PI13/01393Retos de la Sociedad DEP2016-79512-R PTA-12264IEuropean CommissionSpanish Government FPU13/04365 FPU14/04172 FPU15/04059 FPU16/03653 FPU19/01609Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) 440575Fundacion Iberoamericana de Nutricion (FINUT)Redes Tematicas de Investigacion Cooperativa RETIC Red SAMID RD16/0022AstraZenecaUniversity of Granada Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016 -Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Plan Propio de Investigacion 2018 -Programa Contratos-PuentePrograma Perfecionamiento de DoctoresJunta de Andalucia Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades (ERDF) SOMM17/6107/UGRJunta de Andalucia P18-RT-4455Fundacion Alfonso Martin EscuderoMaria Zambrano fellowship by the Ministerio de Universidades y la Union Europea-NextGenerationEU RR_C_2021_04Novo Nordisk FoundationNovocure Limited NNF18OC003239

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum