39,074 research outputs found
Comments on Noncommutative Field Theories
We discuss some aspects of noncommutative quantum field theories obtained
from the Seiberg-Witten limit of string theories in the presence of an external
B-field. General properties of these theories are studied as well as the
phenomenological potential of noncommutative QED.Comment: 15 pages. Based on talks at the 9th Adriatic Meeting (Dubrovnik,
Croatia) and at String Phenomenology 2003 (Durham, UK). v2 references adde
Topics in String Theory and Quantum Gravity
These are the lecture notes for the Les Houches Summer School on Quantum
Gravity held in July 1992. The notes present some general critical assessment
of other (non-string) approaches to quantum gravity, and a selected set of
topics concerning what we have learned so far about the subject from string
theory. Since these lectures are long (133 A4 pages), we include in this
abstract the table of contents, which should help the user of the bulletin
board in deciding whether to latex and print the full file.
1-FIELD THEORETICAL APPROACH TO QUANTUM GRAVITY: Linearized gravity;
Supergravity; Kaluza-Klein theories; Quantum field theory and classical
gravity; Euclidean approach to Quantum Gravity; Canonical quantization of
gravity; Gravitational Instantons.
2-CONSISTENCY CONDITIONS: ANOMALIES: Generalities about anomalies; Spinors in
2n dimensions; When can we expect to find anomalies?; The Atiyah-Singer Index
Theorem and the computation of anomalies; Examples: Green-Schwarz cancellation
mechanism and Witten's SU(2) global anomaly.
3-STRING THEORY I. BOSONIC STRING: Bosonic string; Conformal Field Theory;
Quantization of the bosonic string; Interaction in string theory and the
characterization of the moduli space; Bosonic strings with background fields.
Stringy corrections to Einstein equations; Toroidal compactifications.
-duality; Operator formalism
4-STRING THEORY II. FERMIONIC STRINGS: Fermionic String; Heterotic String;
Strings at finite temperature; Is string theory finite?
5-OTHER DEVELOPMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS: String ``Phenomenology''; Black Holes
and Related SubjectsComment: 133 pages, 22 figures (not included, available upon request), LaTe
Superloop Equations and Two Dimensional Supergravity
We propose a discrete model whose continuum limit reproduces the string
susceptibility and the scaling dimensions of -minimal superconformal
models coupled to -supergravity. The basic assumption in our presentation
is a set of super-Virasoro constraints imposed on the partition function. We
recover the Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond sectors of the theory, and we are also
able to evaluate all planar loop correlation functions in the continuum limit.
We find evidence to identify the integrable hierarchy of non-linear equations
describing the double scaling limit as a supersymmetric generalization of KP
studied by Rabin.Comment: 34 page
Epidemic Model with Isolation in Multilayer Networks
The Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model has successfully mimicked the
propagation of such airborne diseases as influenza A (H1N1). Although the SIR
model has recently been studied in a multilayer networks configuration, in
almost all the research the isolation of infected individuals is disregarded.
Hence we focus our study in an epidemic model in a two-layer network, and we
use an isolation parameter to measure the effect of isolating infected
individuals from both layers during an isolation period. We call this process
the Susceptible-Infected-Isolated-Recovered () model. The isolation
reduces the transmission of the disease because the time in which infection can
spread is reduced. In this scenario we find that the epidemic threshold
increases with the isolation period and the isolation parameter. When the
isolation period is maximum there is a threshold for the isolation parameter
above which the disease never becomes an epidemic. We also find that epidemic
models, like overestimate the theoretical risk of infection. Finally, our
model may provide a foundation for future research to study the temporal
evolution of the disease calibrating our model with real data.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures.Accepted in Scientific Report
Neutral current coherent pion production
We investigate the neutrino induced coherent pion production reaction at low
and intermediate energies. The model includes pion, nucleon and Delta(1232)
resonance as the relevant hadronic degrees of freedom. Nuclear medium effects
on the production mechanisms and pion distortion are taken into account. We
obtain that the dominance of the Delta excitation holds due to large
cancellations among the background contributions. We consider two sets of
vector and axial-vector N-Delta transition form-factors, evidencing the strong
sensitivity of the results to the axial coupling C5A(0). The differences
between neutrino and antineutrino cross sections, emerging from interference
terms, are also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor corrections, a few references adde
Powering AGNs with super-critical black holes
We propose a novel mechanism for powering the central engines of Active
Galactic Nuclei through super-critical (type II) black hole collapse. In this
picture, ~ of material collapsing at relativistic speeds can
trigger a gravitational shock, which can eject a large percentage of the
collapsing matter at relativistic speeds, leaving behind a "light" black hole.
In the presence of a poloidal magnetic field, the plasma collimates along two
jets, and the associated electron synchrotron radiation can easily account for
the observed radio luminosities, sizes and durations of AGN jets. For Lorentz
factors of order 100 and magnetic fields of a few hundred , synchrotron
electrons can shine for yrs, producing jets of sizes of order 100 kpc.
This mechanism may also be relevant for Gamma Ray Bursts and, in the absence of
magnetic field, supernova explosions.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
A Simple Algebraic Derivation of the Covariant Anomaly and Schwinger Term
An expression for the curvature of the "covariant" determinant line bundle is
given in even dimensional space-time. The usefulness is guaranteed by its
prediction of the covariant anomaly and Schwinger term. It allows a parallel
derivation of the consistent anomaly and Schwinger term, and their covariant
counterparts, which clarifies the similarities and differences between them. In
particular, it becomes clear that in contrary to the case for anomalies, the
difference between the consistent and covariant Schwinger term can not be
extended to a local form on the space of gauge potentials.Comment: 16 page
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