The Concept of Image in the Visual Arts

DergiPark: 799645bmsdImage is an indispensable element of art. The image provides data transfer to humanity as a key or password that carries emotions and thoughts in art movements. However, there are some intricate or peculiar points in the work produced by the artist that do not immediately come to light or do not immediately reveal their secret, which can be beter understood over time. This research produces a solution for how we should read the images. İf the artist creates the image in his mind and presents it to the viewer correctly, the message will reach its place.This study includes analysis of how the viewer makes sense of the works in the field of visual arts through images, signs and connotations. Signs can be reach rich insights with the viewer, if the message read correctly. The aim of study is to clarify the consepts about what the image has a meaning in art. Images in visual arts tell us that the purpose of the production of art is more than documantation.The research tries to determine how the image takes place as a concept in art and how the artists express the different and extraordinary effects of the image in their works. The meaning of the image as a sign in the research; It is seen that he gained different inquiries with the interaction of the viewer and turned into art products with high impact. This situation proves the effect of the image as a powerful weapon in the art environment. The problem of the research is how the image should be understood, how the image turns into a work of art while producing a work of art, and how the image is reflected in today's art environment. At this point, it is hoped that the research will clarify the conceptual dimension of the image and facilitate correct readings in the work of art.İmge sanatın vazgeçilmez bir ögesidir. Sanat akımlarında imge, duyguları ve düşünceleri taşıyan bir anahtar veya şifre olarak adeta insanlığa veri transferi sağlar. Bununla beraber sanatkârın ürettiği eserde hemen açığa çıkmayan, ya da sırrını hemen ifşa etmeyen bazı girift ya da kendine has noktalar vardır ki bu durum zamanla daha iyi anlaşılır. İşte bu araştırma imgeleri nasıl okumamız gerektiğine dair bir çözüm üretmektedir. Sanatkâr zihinde imgeyi oluşturup doğru biçimde izleyiciye sunarsa mesaj yerine ulaşmış olur. Bu çalışma imge, gösterge ve yan anlamlar üzerinden görsel sanatlar alanında izleyicinin eserleri nasıl anlamlandırdıklarına dair çözümlemeleri içermektedir. Göstergeler mesajın doğru okunduğu takdirde izleyicisiyle zengin kavrayışlara ulaşabilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı sanatta imgenin nasıl bir anlam taşıdığını netleştirmektir. Görsel sanatlarda imgeler sanatın üretim amacının belge niteliğinden fazlası olduğunu bizlere anlatmaktadır. Araştırma sanatta imgenin kavram olarak nasıl yeraldığı, sanatçıların eserlerinde imgenin farklı ve olağandışı etkilerini nasıl anlattıklarını belirlemeye çalışmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmada bir gösterge olarak imgenin anlam boyutlarının;izleyicinin etkileşimiyle daha farklı sorgulamalar kazandığı ve günümüzde etki gücü yüksek sanat ürünlerine dönüştüğü görülmektedir. Bu durum imgenin güçlü bir silah olarak sanat ortamındaki etkisini kanıtlamaktadır. Araştırmanın problemi imgenin nasıl anlaşılması gerektiği, bir sanat eseri üretirken imgenin nasıl sanat eserine dönüştüğü ve günümüz sanat ortamına imgenin nasıl yansıdığı şeklindedir. Araştırmanın bu noktada imgenin kavramsal boyutunu netleştirerek sanat eserinde doğru okumalar yapmayı kolaylaştıracağı umulmaktadır

Imperfect rail-track inspection scheduling with zero-inflated miss rates

Despite the technological advances in track monitoring, track quality control systems are not always reliable. Inspections may miss defects; all defects may not be registered or recorded due to human or mechanical errors. In this study, first, we develop a zero-inflated Bayesian approach to model the rate of missed defects during imperfect inspections where defect arrivals follow a Poisson process. The proposed model reveals information on two parameters: the actual defect arrival rate and the probability of not finding any defects, namely, the zero-inflation rate. Then, we study optimizing the track maintenance based on this model. We demonstrate that a temporal threshold-type inspection policy is optimal, and we derive this threshold under imperfect inspections. Furthermore, we implement a Gibbs sampler for drawing inferences on the posterior distribution of the aforementioned Poisson process parameters from data. Application results provide a realistic perspective on imperfect inspections and offer risk and cost savings in railway systems and, by and large, in other imperfect maintenance systems

SME Clustering Based on Innovation Needs

10th International Conference on Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Technologies in Nuclear Science (FLINS) --AUG 26-29, 2012 -- Istanbul, TURKEY#nofulltext# --- WOS: 000338165600164Innovation is a competitive obligation for the SMEs but the needs vary by region. In this study, Turkish SMEs in Thrace region are clustered using Fuzzy C-Means which is a strong clustering tool for qualitative data, in order to compare the past and current innovational needs of SMEs. Similar questions are surveyed in 2007 and 2011 and the results are evaluated to emphasize the innovation based improvements.Istanbul Tech Univ, Bahcesehir Univ, Belgian Nucl Res Ctr, Ghent Uni

'Trying to catch up with life': The expectations and views of adolescent survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia about long-term follow-up care: A qualitative research

WOS:000830290500001 PubMed ID:35866542Objective The aim of this study was to explore adolescent survivors' views and expectations about long-term follow-up care. Methods Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 adolescent survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Survivors who had completed treatment at least 2 years ago were involved in the study. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive thematic approach was used to analyse the data. Results Four main themes and sub-themes were identified from the analysis as follows: information needs with three sub-themes 'long-term follow-up, healthy life and social life', support needs with three sub-themes 'psychosocial (peer relations etc.), school related and social-emotional (fear of relapse, body image, self-esteem, etc.)', perceived benefits with two sub-themes 'social-emotional and related to long-term follow-up' and perceived barriers 'medical-hospital related and social life'. Conclusions Adolescent survivors mainly need support in terms of psychosocial aspects: self-esteem-body image, school, peer relations and social activities during follow-up. Identified barriers related to follow-up were school absence and not able to participate social activities. Adolescents specify health promotion approaches as benefits aspects of follow-up. The findings of this study will guide nurses in the long-term follow-up care of adolescent survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and provide an opportunity to plan individualised follow-up care

Investigation of circulating miRNA-133, miRNA-26, and miRNA-378 as candidate biomarkers for left ventricular hypertrophy

Background/aim: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) involves increased muscular mass of the left ventricle due to increased cardiomyocyte size and is caused by cardiomyopathies. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in processes that contribute to heart disease. This study aimed to examine miRNA-133, miRNA-26 and miRNA-378 as candidate biomarkers to define prognosis in patients with LVH. Patients and methods: The study group consisted of 70 patients who were diagnosed with LVH and 16 unaffected individuals who served as the control group. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze serum miRNA-133, miRNA-26, and miRNA-378 expression levels in LVH patients and the control group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic capability of miRNA-378. Results: When crossing threshold (CT) values were compared between patient and control samples, we found that there were no statistically significant differences in miRNA-133 and miRNA-26 CT values, while the miRNA-378 expression was significantly increased in LVH patients. ROC analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of miRNA-378 (AUC=0.484, p=0.0013) were significantly different between groups. Conclusion: We observed a statistically significant relationship between miRNA-378 expression levels and LVH, suggesting that circulating miRNA-378 may be used as a novel biomarker to distinguish patients who have LVH from those who do not.No sponso

Dry powder inhaler of colistimethate sodium for lung infections in cystic fibrosis: optimization of powder construction

Colistimethate sodium (CMS) for treatment of lung infections in cystic fibrosis patient was transformed into a dry powder for inhalation by spray drying. Design of Experiment was applied for understanding the role of the spray-drying process parameters on the critical quality attributes of the CMS spray-dried (SD) powders and agglomerates thereof. Eleven experimental SD microparticle powders were constructed under different process conditions according to a central composite design. The SD microparticles were then agglomerated in soft pellets. Eleven physico-chemical characteristics of SD CMS microparticle powders or agglomerates thereof were selected as critical quality attributes. The yield of SD process was higher than 75%. The emitted fraction of agglomerates from RS01 inhaler was 75-84%, and the fine particle fraction (particles <5 mu m) was between 58% and 62%. The quality attributes of CMS SD powders and respective agglomerates that were significantly influenced by spray-drying process parameters were residual solvent and drug content of the SD microparticles as well as bulk density and respirable dose of the agglomerates. These attributes were also affected by the combination of the process variables. The air aspiration rate was found as the most positively influential on drug and solvent content and respirable dose. The residual solvent content significantly influenced the powder bulk properties and aerodynamic behavior of the agglomerates, i.e. quality attributes that govern drug metering in the device and the particles lungs deposition. Agglomerates of CMS SD microparticles, in combination with RS01 DPI, showed satisfactory results in terms of dose emitted and fine particle fraction

Evaluation of the results of MOTAKK hepatitis C virus RNA genotyping and hepatitis delta virus external quality assessment programs during 2015-2016

Background/Aims: To evaluate the HCV RNA genotyping and HDV RNA tests that are performed in molecular microbiology laboratories in Turkey as part of a national external quality assessment programme, MOTAKK (Molekuler Tanida Kalite Kontrol) (English translation: Quality control in molecular diagnostics)