Development of ISSR derived SCAR marker for economically important <em>Benstonea thwaitesii</em> (Martelli) Callm. and Buerki

480-483Benstonea thawaitesii (Martelli) Callm. and Buerki, an economically important plant of Pandanaceae family, is having fragrant male inflorescence. In vegetative growth phase, it is difficult to distinguish B. thwaitesii from other Pandanaceae species due to similar morphological characters. In the present study, we have developed inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) derived sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker for identification of B. thwaitesii. A set of 15 Indian Pandanaceae species was screened using 15 ISSR primers. Among 15 primers, UBC-857 generated unique 1 kb band specific to B. thwaitesii. It was further cloned, sequenced and used to design SCAR primer that amplified the expected amplicon of 750 bp in B. thwaitesii only. This is the first report of developing species-specific SCAR marker in B. thwaitesii using ISSR primers

RNAi mediated down regulation of BADH2 gene for expression of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in non-scented indica rice IR-64 (Oryza sativa L.)

Fragrance of rice is one of the most valued grain quality character thus, fetches much higher market price. 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2AP) is major aroma compound found in all parts of plant except root in scented rice. Classical and molecular genetics analyses revealed that a single recessive gene betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Osbadh2) is responsible for expression of 2AP in scented rice. Present study was aimed at inducing expression of 2AP in non-scented indica rice cultivar IR-64 by silencing OsBADH2 via RNAi technique. The regeneration protocol for IR 64 was optimised, 2, 4-D (MS + 2 mg/L) for callus induction, BAP (2.5 mg/L) for shoot induction and half MS supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA was found optimum for rooting. A vector pBSK was used for construction of RNAi cassette and pRI101-ON as a binary vector. Agrobacterium (GV3101) mediated transformation was done using embryogenic calli of IR-64 and transgenic calli were selected on MS medium containing kanamycin (250 mg/L). Gas chromatography analyses showed significant amount of 2AP (0.05 ppm) production in RNAi callus. The content of precursors, proline and methylglyoxal were not varied but GABA content was found to be reduced in RNAi callus (5.1±0.03 µg/g) than control (6.4±0.05 µg/g). Further transgenic calli showed 7 fold reduction in expression of BADH2 transcript. The transgenic calli have been regenerated and transformed plants are under observation for further transcriptome analysis and 2AP quantification in seeds. The study demonstrated that RNAi approach could be successfully used for imparting pleasant aroma character in non-scented rice cultivars

Potentilla cryptotaeniae Maxim.

原著和名: ミツモトサウ科名: バラ科 = Rosaceae採集地: 北海道 川上郡 標茶町 塘路 (北海道 釧路 標茶町 塘路)採集日: 1974/7/23採集者: 萩庭丈壽整理番号: JH019111国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-96911

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Aroma volatile analyses and 2AP characterization at various developmental stages in Basmati and Non-Basmati scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

PCA analysis of 14 odor active compounds at various developmental stages in three rice cultivars (2AP; 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, PL;pentanal, HL-hexanal, HPL;Heptanal, OL;Octanal, NL;Nonanal, 2NEL; (E)-2-Nonenal, DL; Decanal, PAL; Phenylacetaldehyde, 1ONL; 1-Octanol, 3O2NE; (E)-3-Octen-2-one, 2PF; 2-Pentylfuran, 2OLE; (E)-2-Octenal, 1O3OL; 1-Octen-3-ol). (DOCX 15 kb

Pandanus Unipapillatus Dennst.: a new Record for Maharashtra and Goa, India

Volume: 106Start Page: 130End Page: 13

Fragrance in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Despite the Presence of a Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. accumulates the highest concentration of the major basmati aroma volatile 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in the plant kingdom. The expression of 2AP is correlated with the presence of a nonfunctional betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(BADH2) in aromatic rice and other plant species. In the present study, a full-length BADH2 sequence was reconstructed from the transcriptome data of leaf tissue from P. amaryllifolius seedlings. Based on this sequence, a 1509 bp coding sequence was defined that encoded a 54 kD PaBADH2 protein. This revealed the presence of a full-length BADH2 protein in P. amaryllifolius. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR analysis, combined with BADH2 enzyme activity, confirmed the expression and functionality of the PaBADH2 protein. To understand the apparent structural variation, docking analysis was carried out in which protein showed a good affinity with both betaine aldehyde (BAD) and γ-aminobutyraldehyde (GAB-ald) as substrates. Overall, the analysis showed the presence of a functional BADH2, along with substantial 2AP synthesis (4.38 ppm). Therefore, we conclude that unlike all other plants studied to date, 2AP biosynthesis in P. amaryllifolius is not due to the inactivation of BADH2

Thirty-three years of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a principal basmati aroma compound in scented rice (Oryza sativa L.): a status review

Rice is the staple food of around 3 billion people, most of them in Asia which accounts for 90% of global rice consumption. Aromatic rices have been preferred over non-aromatic rice for hundreds of years. They have a premium value in national as well as international market owing to their unique aroma and quality. Many researchers were involved in identifying the compound responsible for the pleasant aroma in aromatic rice in the 20th century. However, due to its unstable nature, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) was discovered very late, in 1982. Buttery and co-workers found 2AP to be the principal compound imparting the pleasant aroma to basmati and other scented rice varieties. Since then, 2AP has been identified in all fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties and a wide range of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and various food products. The present article reviews in detail biochemical and genetic aspects of 2AP in living systems. The site of synthesis, site of storage and stability in plant systems in vivo is of interest. This compound requires more research on stability to facilitate use as a food additive. (c) 2016 Society of Chemical Industr

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Not AvailableFragrance is one of the most important and valued quality characters in sorghum and other foods and attracts a premium price in local and global trade. The allele of the SbBADH2 gene in fragrant sorghum cultivar E228 was characterized. A 1441 bp deletion extending from exon 13 to 15 was found rather than a deletion from exon 12 to 15 as had been reported earlier. This allowed the development and validation of a new perfect PCR-based marker for identification of fragrant sorghum accessions in breeding. The concentration of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in the grain of this cultivar was estimated to be 6.5 ± 0.4 ppb using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HSSPME) coupled with GC-MS. Flavor components of fragrant sorghum accession E228 (IC 568489) were analyzed and compared with the non-fragrant M35-1 cultivar. PCA analysis revealed that 2AP, benzothiazole, 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine, (1E)-1-ethylidene- 1H-indene, cedrene, 2,4-bis(2-methyl-2- propanyl)phenol, 2-hexyl-1-octanol, and 2-butyl-1- octanol were among 25 compounds that were found in sorghum grain that may be contributing toward the aroma of f r agrant sorghum. Proline and methylglyoxal contents were found to be higher in E228 than in M35-1, while SbBADH2 expression in E228 was half that in M35-1, suggesting a similar 2AP biosynthetic mechanism to that found in fragrant rice and soybean.Not Availabl

Neotypification of \u3ci\u3ePandanus odorifer\u3c/i\u3e the Correct Name for \u3ci\u3eP. odoratissimus\u3c/i\u3e (Pandanaceae)

Pandanus odorifer (Pandanaceae) is an economically important species distributed on coasts from India and Sri Lanka to South China through tropical Asian countries. Pandanus odoratissimus has been widely used as the accepted name for the species, but P. odoratissimus is in reality a superfluous and illegitimate name. No original material of P. odorifer has been traced, and a neotype is designated here for that name