JORDANIAN STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH: STRATEGY DEPLOYMENT

Gender and language proficiency are among the key factors that may impact learning strategy use. Thus, this study explored the impact of gender, perceived language proficiency, and academic level on learning strategy use by 111 English-major EFL students whose native language is Arabic. Using Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL), the study revealed that females opt to use strategies more frequently than do males. The results also showed that the higher the proficiency level of the students was, the more frequent strategy use was. The most prevalent among the different strategy types was metacognitive ones when the least was memory. These findings are discussed and implications are set accordingly

Internet of Things Based Monitoring System of Leaks in Water Supply Networks Using Pressure-Based Model

Leaks in water distribution networks impose several impacts on economy, freshwater resources, water quality, health and safety. Fast leak detection and reparation is a key for lowering its negative impacts and associated costs with conventional detection techniques. This study has been used a pressure-based model to detect leaks events and its coordinates based on pressure and flow measurements. Pressure and flow data for systems that having leaks in their structure were analyzed and compared with data generated from non-leaking systems using EPANET software packages. An extension package of EPANET software (EpanetWaterGen) has been used as it has the advantage of its ability to better simulate leaks. The results show the ability of the model to detect leaks in a small and large water distribution networks with uncertainty level associated with low pressure change. The developed leak detection model utilizes pressure and flow sensors and enables the network managers and administrators to optimally place the sensors in a manner to increase efficiency and optimize cost. The system allows operators to detect leak location and volume of lost water, thus enabling a better and more efficient response to leaks, such that the network managers can address and respond to most urgent leaks and optimize the time end efforts of technical and maintenance personnel

Internet of Things Based Monitoring System of Leaks in Water Supply Networks Using Pressure-Based Model

Leaks in water distribution networks impose several impacts on economy, freshwater resources, water quality, health and safety. Fast leak detection and reparation is a key for lowering its negative impacts and associated costs with conventional detection techniques. This study has been used a pressure-based model to detect leaks events and its coordinates based on pressure and flow measurements. Pressure and flow data for systems that having leaks in their structure were analyzed and compared with data generated from non-leaking systems using EPANET software packages. An extension package of EPANET software (EpanetWaterGen) has been used as it has the advantage of its ability to better simulate leaks. The results show the ability of the model to detect leaks in a small and large water distribution networks with uncertainty level associated with low pressure change. The developed leak detection model utilizes pressure and flow sensors and enables the network managers and administrators to optimally place the sensors in a manner to increase efficiency and optimize cost. The system allows operators to detect leak location and volume of lost water, thus enabling a better and more efficient response to leaks, such that the network managers can address and respond to most urgent leaks and optimize the time end efforts of technical and maintenance personnel

Improving Phase Change Memory Performance with Data Content Aware Access

A prominent characteristic of write operation in Phase-Change Memory (PCM) is that its latency and energy are sensitive to the data to be written as well as the content that is overwritten. We observe that overwriting unknown memory content can incur significantly higher latency and energy compared to overwriting known all-zeros or all-ones content. This is because all-zeros or all-ones content is overwritten by programming the PCM cells only in one direction, i.e., using either SET or RESET operations, not both. In this paper, we propose data content aware PCM writes (DATACON), a new mechanism that reduces the latency and energy of PCM writes by redirecting these requests to overwrite memory locations containing all-zeros or all-ones. DATACON operates in three steps. First, it estimates how much a PCM write access would benefit from overwriting known content (e.g., all-zeros, or all-ones) by comprehensively considering the number of set bits in the data to be written, and the energy-latency trade-offs for SET and RESET operations in PCM. Second, it translates the write address to a physical address within memory that contains the best type of content to overwrite, and records this translation in a table for future accesses. We exploit data access locality in workloads to minimize the address translation overhead. Third, it re-initializes unused memory locations with known all-zeros or all-ones content in a manner that does not interfere with regular read and write accesses. DATACON overwrites unknown content only when it is absolutely necessary to do so. We evaluate DATACON with workloads from state-of-the-art machine learning applications, SPEC CPU2017, and NAS Parallel Benchmarks. Results demonstrate that DATACON significantly improves system performance and memory system energy consumption compared to the best of performance-oriented state-of-the-art techniques.Comment: 18 pages, 21 figures, accepted at ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on Memory Management (ISMM

A sociophonetic description of Jordanian speakers of English living in Christchurch through different generations

The current research supports the ongoing investigation into the role of the age of arrival in a foreign country as an important factor affecting not only immigrants’ linguistic production but also production of the next generation. Such an investigation is conducted by exploring the production of Jordanian speakers of English living in New Zealand, particularly in Christchurch. The structure of the sample employed in this study provides more understanding about how a language can be produced differently by speakers that share heritage languages, regional, ethnic and religious backgrounds and are considered immigrants. More precisely, the present study examines the Jordanian vowel set of English, /t/s, and /r/s produced by three groups (“Fathers”, “Younger children” and “Older children”) living in Christchurch. Results of the research reveal that the New Zealand English vowel system was noticeable not only among the “Older children” and “Younger children” but also their “Fathers”. Such a consequence shows that different vocalic features could be acquired regardless the speakers’ age of arrival. Regarding acquiring the phonetic consonantal features (such as tap, glottal stop and linking /r/), they are constrained with particular phonological environments which are inevitably difficult to be acquired in the age of adulthood. Glottal stop and tap as variants of /t/ and linking /r/ as a feature of non-rhotic English varieties are clearly realised in the production of the Jordanian participants. These variants are particularly favourable into specific phonological environments which cannot highly likely be acquired by speakers who immigrated in their adulthood age while they are fundamental with their next generation. In other words, realising /t/s as a glottal stop and tap and linking /r/ within the [V_#C], [V_#V] and [V_#V] environments respectively is only favourable in the production of “Younger children” and “Older children” while they are almost absent in the production of the “Fathers” group. This evidently supports that the age of arrival is a key factor affecting the production of speakers whose heritage language is not similar phonetically and phonologically to the dominant language

La relación polémica entre la lógica de la filosofía y el dogma de la religión

La meta de esta investigación es analizar la polémica relación entre el dogma (fe) y la lógica; es decir, estudiar la contradicción y /o la coincidencia entre la religión y la filosofía, también las disputas y las diferencias. La religión como la filosofía, cada una, constituye la continuación a la otra, son importantes y necesarias para el ser humano por su recíproca relación. Ya que la filosofía se ocupa de la parte lógica y razonable del pensamiento humano, mientras la religión se encarga de la parte espiritual de su vida

Las leyes de Israel: Democracia teórica y racismo práctico

La esencia de esta investigación consiste en analizar profundamente las leyes decretados e impuestos por el estado de Israel basando por casos de estudios vivos y reales. El contenido de estas leyes israelíes está inspirado en tres fuentes: la religión judía, el sionismo, y los conceptos y principios liberales. El sionismo como ideología y movimiento mundial desempeña un papel importante en determinar el contenido de las leyes israelíes; ya que la mayor parte de su contenido confirma la esencia racista del Estado Sionista en su forma de persecución y opresión política, y en la discriminación racial contra los propietarios legítimos y autóctonos de todos los no judíos

DEFAULTNESS PATTERNS: A DIACHRONIC ACCOUNT

Most approaches to inflectional morphology propose a synchronic account for the establishment of defaultness in the plural inflection. The current research aims at exploring the representation of the default system in JA at a diachronic level. The grammar of JA displays two default plural forms: the sound feminine plural marked with the suffix -aat (e.g. mataar/matar-aat ‘an airport/airports’) where a suffixation rule predicts the occurrence of the default plural. The second default plural is the iambic broken plural marked with an internal vowel change (short – long vowel) (kursi/karaasi ‘a seat/seats’). Our diachronic analysis would take into account the default shift that occurred in the grammar of JA in two different periods: the Turkish period and the British period. The findings reveal the importance of the diachronic factors in determining the status of ‘defaultness’ in terms of the ability of the lexicon to accept two default inflections. So, JA consists a hierarchy that contains two defaults: the iambic broken plural and the sound feminine plural. This mechanism of accepting two defaults gives insights into applying this multiple default format crosslinguistically in which a grammar of a language can host a multiple default system