Movable-bed experiments using spur dike to concentrate flow in one channel of multithreaded channel model

This paper presents the results of an experimental study in which an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) was used to monitor the longitudinal velocity profiles and discharge proportions in a channel with a mobile bed and banks. The resultant channel bed elevations were also monitored. The physical model consisted of a channel with two branches and a midchannel bar. A spur dike was located at the upstream of the branches. The main variable parameters in this study were the length of the midchannel bar and the length of the spur dike. These variables were investigated by performing nine trials (with differing spur dike and channel bar lengths) with different corresponding discharges. Clear water conditions were maintained in the channel throughout this study. The results showed that the spur dike diverted and redistributed the discharge between the branches of the multithreaded channel. The highest discharge proportion was obtained when the spur dike’s length was one-third of the main channel’s width and when the midchannel bar’s length was short. In addition, the slope of the channel’s bed was steeper in the branch that carried the highest discharge proportion

抗ヒスタミン薬ケトチフェンの連日投与による体内時計位相調節

富山大学・富生命博甲第90号・AHMAD ALSAWAF・2017/03/23Sleep and Biological Rhythms,2016.1,14(1),117-120,doi: 10.1007/s41105-015-0021-yに掲載。富山大学201

Shape matters: Highly selective Antimicrobial Bottle Brush copolymers via a one-pot RAFT polymerization approach

The one-pot synthesis of antimicrobial bottle brush copolymers is presented. RAFT polymerization is used for production of the polymeric backbone, as well as for the grafts, which were installed using a grafting from approach. A combination of N-iso propyl acrylamide and a Boc protected primary amine-containing acrylamide was used in different composition. After deprotection polymers featuring different charge densities were obtained in both, linear and bottle brush topology. Antimicrobial activity was tested against three clinically relevant bacteria strains and growth inhibition was significantly increased in bottle brush copolymers. Blood compatibility investigations revealed strong hemagglutination for linear copolymers and pronounced hemolysis for bottle brush copolymers. However, one bottle brush copolymer with a 50% charge density strong antibacterial activity and negligible blood toxicity resulting in selectivity values as high as 320. Membrane models were used to probe the mechanism of shown polymers, which was found to be based on membrane disruption. The trends from biology are accurately reflected in model systems indicating that differences in lipid composition are responsible for selectivity. However, bottle brush copolymers were found to possess increased cytotoxicity against HEK cells when compared with linear analogues. The introduced synthetic platform enables screening of further parameters associated to bottle brush copolymers, which might lead to even better activity profiles

Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Classification And Clinical Application

Genetic -depth study showed the perplexity of molecular heterogeneity of colorectal cancer (CRC). Though various therapies exist, we do not have the proper way to choose the right treatment for each patient, personalized treatment strategies are in demand.nbspFor CRC, a broad molecular classification is still missing.nbspWe wish to apply the molecular techniques to improve the outcome.nbspOur intention in this review is to summarize the molecular classification of CRC and their reflection on management