Challenges in the Greener Production of Formates/Formic Acid, Methanol, and DME by Heterogeneously Catalyzed CO2 Hydrogenation Processes

The recent advances in the development of heterogeneous catalysts and processes for the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to formate/formic acid, methanol, and dimethyl ether are thoroughly reviewed, with special emphasis on thermodynamics and catalyst design considerations. After introducing the main motivation for the development of such processes, we first summarize the most important aspects of CO2 capture and green routes to produce H2. Once the scene in terms of feedstocks is introduced, we carefully summarize the state of the art in the development of heterogeneous catalysts for these important hydrogenation reactions. Finally, in an attempt to give an order of magnitude regarding CO2 valorization, we critically assess economical aspects of the production of methanol and DME and outline future research and development directions.ChemE/Catalysis Engineerin

Polyketones: Synthesis and Applications

Polyketones, also known as aliphatic polyketone, are a relatively new class of polymers obtained by the perfectly alternating copolymerization or terpolymerization of α-olefins with carbon monoxide. The polymerization is well catalyzed by Pd(II) complexes; the activity of which strongly depends by the nature of the ligand, promoting agents, and solvent used. Owing to their excellent mechanical properties, thermoplastic polyketones have found diverse industrial applications ranging from fibers, fire-retardant materials, and film coatings to membranes, packaging materials, and adhesives. Herein, we review the synthesis, properties, and applications of polyketones. In addition, industrial production of polyketone is also discussed