Self-inflicted oral soft-tissue burn due to local behavior and treatment

Injuries to oral soft-tissues can occur due to accidental, iatrogenic, and factitious traumas. They may present as burns, ulcerations, and gingival recession. Chemical, thermal, and physical agents are the main causative agents for oral soft-tissues burns. The purpose of this case report was to illustrate the destructive nature of the local behavior and to describe the successful treatment of this case. A 20-year-old girl with severe pain and burning sensation in the left maxillary region, which was interfering with normal eating and speaking, was admitted to periodontology clinic. Upon questioning, the patient readily admitted traumatizing her gingival and cheek mucosa with alcohol. Treatment consisted of oral hygiene instruction, mechanical debridement, local antimicrobial agents, systemic anal- gesic and guidance for patient. The burn lesions in the oral cavity can occur at dental offices and homes. The early detection by the patient and the immediate institution of therapeutic measures ensured a rapid cure and possibly prevented further mucosal damage. In addition, we believe that guidance and education are important prophylactic tools for prevent from these local behavior

Gingival recession associated with Orthodontic treatment and root coverage

Many patients seek to pursue orthodontic treatment for esthetic improvement. These patients present with mal- alignment of the anterior teeth. There was strong correlation between the severity and extent of gingival recessions and past orthodontic treatment, it was suggested that orthodontic tooth movement may lead to gingival recession. The principal objective in the treatment of gingival recession is to cover the exposed root surfaces to improve es- thetics and to reduce hypersensitivity. Different soft tissue grafting procedures have been proposed in the treatment of gingival recessions. Free gingival grafts (FGG) are a reliable method for treatment of gingival recessions: An autograft is taken from the palate as replacement for the lost keratinized gingiva. The purpose of this case report was to illustrate the relationship between orthodontic therapy and gingival recession, and to describe the successful treatment of this case. A 24-year-old girl with gingival recession and hypersensitivity in the anterior mandibulary region was admitted to periodontology clinic. Treatment consisted of oral hygiene instruction, mechanical debride- ment and surgical periodontal treatment. Root coverage is performed with a FGG in a one step method. The patient and clinicians were satisfied with the result. FGG can a viable alternative in the treatment of gingival recession. Surgical periodontal treatments result in esthetic improvement, elimination of sensitivity, and less risk of develo- ping root carie

Leptin ve periodontal hastalıklar

Leptin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, but also by several other tissues, and it plays an important role in protection of the host from inflammation and infection. Periodontal diseases are multi-factorial infectious disorders that lead to destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. These diseases are the result of bacterial infections of the gingival tissues. Therapy to decrease the levels of oral microorganisms can reduce gingivitis and stabilize periodontitis. Previous studies have suggested a relationship between periodontal disease and leptin levels. Some researchers reported that there is a strong negative correlation between the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) leptin level and periodontal disease progression, after the presence of leptin within healthy and inflamed gingiva has been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to summarize the effect of leptin in the human body and to report relationship between periodontal disease and leptin levels. ÖZET Leptin, konağı inflamasyon ve infeksiyondan koruyucu önemli bir rolü olan, yağ dokusundan başka ilave çeşitli dokulardan da salgılanan bir hormondur. Periodontal hastalıklar, dişlerin destek dokularının yıkımına yol açan birden fazla faktörün sebep olduğu infeksiyöz hastalıklardır. Bu hastalıklar gingival dokularda bakteriyel infeksiyonlar sonucu oluşurlar. Oral mikroorganizmaların seviyelerini azaltarak yapılan tedavi, gingivitisi engelleyebildiği gibi, periodontitisi de stabilize edebilir. Daha önceleri yapılan çalışmalar da leptin seviyeleri ile periodontal hastalıklar arasında bir ilişki olduğunu ileri sürmüşlerdir. Bazı araştırıclar, sağlıklı ve hastalıklı gingivada leptinin varlığı gösterildikten sonra dişeti oluğu sıvısı leptin seviyesi ile periodontal hastalığın şiddeti arasında güçlü bir negatif korelasyon olduğunu bildirmişlerdir. Bu derlemenin amacı, leptin seviyeleri ve periodontal hastalık arasındaki ilişkiyi bildirmek ve insan vücuduna leptinin etkilerini özetlemektir. Anahtar Kelimeler; Hormon, leptin, periodontal hastalık, dişeti, dişeti iltihab ve dişeti oluğu sıvıs

Peri-implant hastalıklar

The treatment of partially or totally edentulous subjects with oral implants is a common procedure. Biological complications are occur around implants which are peri-implant mucositis and periimplantitis. Peri-implant mucositis is pathological condition which is normally localized in the soft tissues surrounding an oral implant. Peri-implantitis surrounding oral implants is an inflammatory process affecting the soft and hard tissues resulting in rapid loss of supporting bone associated with bleeding and suppuration. The diagnosis of peri-implant diseases is usually established by assessing probing depth, gingival index, bleeding on probing and radiographic bone resorption examinations. The etiopathogenesis of peri-implant diseases is related to the periimplant environment and to the soft tissues/implant interface, to patient-related factors (smoke, systemic diseases, plaque control) and to host-parasite equilibrium. Peri-implant diseases can be controlled successfully by providing mechanical, antiseptic, antibiotic and surgical supportive therapy, individually or combined.   ÖZET Tam veya kısmi dişsiz hastaların tedavisinde yaygın prosedürlerden biride oral implantlardır. İmplantların etrafında peri-implant mukositis ve peri-implantitis diye biyolojik komplikasyonlar meydana gelir. Peri-implant mukositis bir oral implantın etrafındaki normalde yumuşak dokuda lokalize patolojik bir durumdur. Oral implantların çevresindeki peri-implantitis süpürasyon ve kanama ile ilişkili destek kemiğin hızlı kaybı ile sonuçlanan, sert ve yumuşak dokuları etkileyen inflamatuar bir süreçtir. Peri-implant hastalıkların teşhisi genellikle sondalama cep derinliği, gingival indeks, sondalamada kanama ve radyografik kemik rezorbsiyon muayenesi ile kanıtlanır. Peri-implant hastalıkların etiyopatogenezi, peri-implant çevre ve yumuşak doku-implant yüzleşmesi, hasta ile ilişkili faktörler (sigara içme, sistemik hastalıklar, plak kontrolü) ve konak-parazit dengesi ile ilişkilidir. Peri-implant hastalıklar, tek tek veya kombine olarak mekanik, antiseptik, antibiyotik ve cerrahi destekleyici tedavi ile engellenerek başarılı olarak tedavi edilebilir. Anahtar kelimeler: İmplant, peri-implant hastalıklar, peri-implant mukositis, peri-implantitis ve tedavileri

Validation and Translation of the 3D-CAM to Turkish in Surgical Intensive Care Patients

Objective: Delirium is a common condition that can significantly worsen a patient’s clinical status. Timely and accurate detection of this often-overlooked condition is essential for effective prevention and treatment. This study aims to validate the Turkish version of the 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for Confusion Assessment-defined Delirium (3D-CAM-TR), which has been culturally adapted for surgical intensive care patients. Methods: This study was conducted in surgical intensive care units and wards at three academic hospitals, including 133 surgical intensive care patients. The 3D-CAM was culturally adapted and translated into Turkish. The 3D-CAM-TR was administered by trained clinicians from the first to the third postoperative day. During this period, delirium diagnosis was made by experienced psychiatrists using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria as the reference standard. All assessors were blinded to each other’s assessment results. The 3D-CAM delirium diagnosis was compared with the reference standard in all patients. Results: A total of 133 adult patients were assessed over three consecutive days, findings in 399 paired assessments. Compared to the DSM-5-based reference standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the 3D-CAM-TR assessment were found to be 95% and 97%, respectively, for rater 1, and 93% and 99%, respectively, for rater 2, with good inter-rater reliability (Kappa coefficient=0.898, confidence interval=0.84, 0.96). Conclusion: Our resultings indicate that the 3D-CAM-TR is a dependable and precise instrument for assessing delirium in postoperative intensive care patients