2,817 research outputs found
La recepción de la encíclica Humanae vitae en el ámbito católico de los Países Bajos
Hemos investigado la recepción de la encíclica
Humanae vitae, y el efecto que tuvo su publicación
–en julio de 1968– sobre el modo de ver la regulación
de la natalidad y la anticoncepción en el ámbito
católico de los Países Bajos.
Fundamentalmente hemos estudiado –y encuadrado
en su marco histórico– los pronunciamientos del
episcopado holandés y las publicaciones de cuatro
teólogos prominentes: Edward Schillebeeckx, Theo
Beemer, Willem van der Marck y Paul Sporken.
Hasta aproximadamente 1960, la doctrina vigente del
magisterio católico sobre la regulación de la natalidad
y la anticoncepción era asentida por todos los obispos
y por la casi totalidad de los teólogos y demás fieles
católicos. En poco tiempo, y especialmente a partir de
1963, la anticoncepción pasó a ser tolerada o incluso
legitimada por algunos obispos y muchos sacerdotes,
y practicada por numerosos católicos.
Humanae vitae no fue rechazada por los obispos, aunque
su reacción fue tan fría y distante, y rodeada de
tantas reservas, que fue vista como legitimación de la
práctica anticonceptiva que ya se había difundido. La
encíclica sí fue, sin embargo, rechazada en cuanto tal
por la gran mayoría de los teólogos –incluyendo Schillebeeckx,
Beemer y Sporken–, que la consideraron
únicamente como una más entre las muchas publicaciones
de expertos sobre el tema.
De la mayoría de los obispos nombrados tras 1970
–incluyendo los actuales– sí se puede afirmar que
transmitieron fielmente la doctrina de la encíclica, y lo
siguen haciendo cada vez con mayor empeño.This thesis studies the reception of the encyclical
Humanae vitae, and the effect of its publication
in July 1968 on the views regarding birth control and
contraception in Catholic circles in the Netherlands.
The study investigated and placed in their historical
context the statements of the Dutch bishops and the
publications of four leading theologians: Edward Schillebeeckx,
Theo Beemer, Willem van der Marck and
Paul Sporken.
Up until around 1960, Catholic teaching on birth control
and contraception was endorsed by all bishops and
nearly all theologians and other Catholic faithful in the
Netherlands. But within a short period of time, especially
from 1963 onwards, contraception began to be
tolerated or even defended by some bishops and many
priests, and practiced by numerous Catholics.
Humanae vitae was not rejected by the bishops; nevertheless,
their reaction was so lukewarm and distant,
and contained so many reservations, that it was considered
to be a tacit approval of the contraceptive
practices that were already widespread. In addition,
the Encyclical was rejected outright as such by most
theologians, including Schillebeeckx, Beemer and
Sporken; they treated it as simply one more publication
among the many produced by experts in the
field.
The majority of the Dutch bishops appointed after
1970 (including those active at present) can be said to
have transmitted faithfully the doctrine of the Encyclical,
and they continue to make ever greater efforts to
do so
A system of three transiting super-Earths in a cool dwarf star
We present the detection of three super-Earths transiting the cool star
LP415-17, monitored by K2 mission in its 13th campaign. High resolution spectra
obtained with HARPS-N/TNG showed that the star is a mid-late K dwarf. Using
spectral synthesis models we infer its effective temperature, surface gravity
and metallicity and subse- quently determined from evolutionary models a
stellar radius of 0.58 R Sun. The planets have radii of 1.8, 2.6 and 1.9 R
Earth and orbital periods of 6.34, 13.85 and 40.72 days. High resolution images
discard any significant contamination by an intervening star in the line of
sight. The orbit of the furthest planet has radius of 0.18 AU, close to the
inner edge of the habitable zone. The system is suitable to improve our
understanding of formation and dynamical evolution of super-Earth systems in
the rocky - gaseous threshold, their atmospheres, internal structure,
composition and interactions with host stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
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