Sustaining Sustainability in Marine Terminals: A Strategic Framework

Sustainability initiatives in maritime industry, despite their global need and relevance, are often riddled with strategic and implementation issues. Here we examine “green” initiatives of top-five global marine terminal operators. We classify their initiatives as technology-centric, process-centric and relationship-centric, and develop a core-competency-driven framework for these initiatives. Our findings indicate that technological initiatives are easy to adopt and yield quicker impact in reducing emissions and increasing ROI. On the other hand, process-centric and relationship-centric initiatives are more difficult to deploy, take longer to yield benefits, but are difficult to imitate. We argue that terminal operators should recognize the value of long-term initiatives that are difficult to replicate, to build competency

NATURAL FLAVONOIDS: A NOVEL APPROACH TO BREAST CANCER (REVIEW)

ABSTRACTCancer is a hereditary disease and is caused due to the abnormal growth of the cells. Cancer can be of many forms but the most prevalent is the breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most common among women and can be treated by radiation therapy, surgery, hormone therapy, chemotherapy and natural therapy. The present review presents an overview about the role of flavonoids in curing cancer. This review gives a detailed account of classification of flavonoids. The in vivo and in vitro studies show the action of flavonoids on cancer. Various natural flavonoids can be extracted and can be used for various therapeutic effects apart from cancer.Keywords: Flavonoids, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Classification of flavonoids.Â

SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN PUNICA GRANATUM PEEL TO EVALUATE ITS HEMATOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

Pomegranate has been found to have ethnomedical history and is a rich reservoir of phytochemicals. The present study was carried out for phytochemical analysis in the hydroalcoholic pomegranate peel extracts. Presently phytochemical analysis and analysis of bioactive compounds are done, the pomegranate peel extracts are found to have carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannic acids and phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical scavenging activity was analyzed. For good health the quality of blood should be maintained and for this antioxidants may be the key so as to protect the blood from oxidative stress. Thus from the present study it is concluded that pomegranate peel is a rich source of phytochemicals and bioactive compounds such as antioxidants and so can be used for various pharmaceutical and therapeutic purposes like increase in hemoglobin count. Keywords: pomegranate peel, antioxidant activity, DPPH free radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging, hemoglobin booster

NATURAL FLAVONOIDS: A NOVEL APPROACH TO BREAST CANCER (REVIEW)

Cancer is a hereditary disease and is caused due to the abnormal growth of the cells. Cancer can be of many forms but the most prevalent is the breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most common among women and can be treated by radiation therapy, surgery, hormone therapy, chemotherapy and natural therapy. The present review presents an overview about the role of flavonoids in curing cancer. This review gives a detailed account of classification of flavonoids. The in vivo and in vitro studies show the action of flavonoids on cancer. Various natural flavonoids can be extracted and can be used for various therapeutic effects apart from cancer.Keywords: Flavanoids , Cancer, Breast Cancer, Classification of flavanoid

NATURAL FLAVONOIDS: A NOVEL APPROACH TO BREAST CANCER (REVIEW)

Cancer is a hereditary disease and is caused due to the abnormal growth of the cells. Cancer can be of many forms but the most prevalent is the breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most common among women and can be treated by radiation therapy, surgery, hormone therapy, chemotherapy and natural therapy. The present review presents an overview about the role of flavonoids in curing cancer. This review gives a detailed account of classification of flavonoids. The in vivo and in vitro studies show the action of flavonoids on cancer. Various natural flavonoids can be extracted and can be used for various therapeutic effects apart from cancer.Keywords: Flavanoids , Cancer, Breast Cancer, Classification of flavanoid

Batch and bulk adsorptive removal of anionic dye using metal/halide-free ordered mesoporous carbon as adsorbent

The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India for financial support through the SPARC Project- SPARC/2018–2019/P307/SL. One of the authors (Asna Mariyam) is also grateful to MANIT, Bhopal for providing fellowship assistance. We thank the University of St Andrews for a PhD scholarship for FS. We acknowledge EPSRC Strategic Resources Grant (EP/R023751/1).The present report is an outcome of investigations to assess the adsorptive potential of a synthesized metal- and halide-free variant of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) towards an anionic azo dye, Methyl Orange. The results of preliminary studies, carried out in batch mode, helped in setting up the process variables to achieve optimum adsorption conditions. The experimental data were then fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevitch isotherm models. The equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir model at 303 K and the monolayer adsorption capacity was 0.33 mmol g−1. The adsorption kinetics were explored by fitting the data to pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The latter described the kinetics well, as indicated by higher regression coefficients. To elucidate the mechanism of mass transfer, various well-known mathematical models were employed. The adsorption of the dye was found to involve particle diffusion. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorptive uptake of Methyl Orange by the OMC was spontaneous (ΔG0 = −23.71 kJ mol−1) and exergonic (ΔH0 = −123.15 kJ mol−1). Finally, the bulk removal of the anionic dye was investigated through column operations followed by column regeneration (desorption) studies. Column saturation of up to 96.55% could be realized. Values for dye recovery reached up to 93.26%. The column efficiency was then evaluated by carrying out three consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. The results obtained indicated that the adsorbent has a good ability to eliminate Methyl Orange from wastewater, both in batch and column operations.PostprintPeer reviewe

Adsorptive removal of hazardous anionic dye ‘‘Congo red” from wastewater using waste materials and recovery by desorption

The present investigation assesses the applicability of waste materials—bottom ash and deoiled soya—for the removal of the colorant Congo red from wastewaters. The adsorption characteristics and dye removal efficiency of adsorbents have been determined by investigating factors such as effect of pH, effect of concentration of the dye, amount of adsorbents, contact time, and temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models have been used to evaluate the ongoing adsorption. With the help of adsorption isotherm data different thermodynamic parameters such as free energy; enthalpy, and entropy have been calculated. The estimated free energy has been obtained as 21.52 kJ mol1 for bottom ash and 16.88 kJ mol1 for deoiled soya. On the basis of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations different kinetic parameters have been obtained. Column operations depicted good adsorptive tendencies for Congo red with 96.95% and 97.14% saturation of dye on bottom ash and deoiled soya, respectively. Regeneration of the saturated columns has been made by eluting NaOH solution and more than 90% dye has been recovered in both cases

Adsorptive removal of hazardous anionic dye ‘‘Congo red” from wastewater using waste materials and recovery by desorption

The present investigation assesses the applicability of waste materials—bottom ash and deoiled soya—for the removal of the colorant Congo red from wastewaters. The adsorption characteristics and dye removal efficiency of adsorbents have been determined by investigating factors such as effect of pH, effect of concentration of the dye, amount of adsorbents, contact time, and temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models have been used to evaluate the ongoing adsorption. With the help of adsorption isotherm data different thermodynamic parameters such as free energy; enthalpy, and entropy have been calculated. The estimated free energy has been obtained as 21.52 kJ mol1 for bottom ash and 16.88 kJ mol1 for deoiled soya. On the basis of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations different kinetic parameters have been obtained. Column operations depicted good adsorptive tendencies for Congo red with 96.95% and 97.14% saturation of dye on bottom ash and deoiled soya, respectively. Regeneration of the saturated columns has been made by eluting NaOH solution and more than 90% dye has been recovered in both cases

Recent Approaches of Matrix Release Tablet in NDDS System

The purpose of this analysis is to categorize matrix tablets according to the kind of polymer they are made of as well as the rate at which they release their contents. When it came to medicinal applications, the matrix system was the very first oral extended release platform ever developed. The utilization of matrix tablets enables the modification of drug release characteristics. They are highly favored for this kind of treatment because of the benefits they give for the patient in terms of better adherence to the treatment, more stable medication levels, decreased dose and bad effects, and a bigger safety margin for highly potent medications. Because of their versatility in delivering a desired drug release profile, cheap cost, and general regulatory acceptability, hydrophilic polymer matrix systems are frequently used in oral controlled drug delivery dosage forms. Because of the rapid diffusion of the dissolved medication via the hydrophilic gel network, the use of hydrophilic matrix alone for delayed drug release is not possible for medicines that are very water soluble. It is now generally accepted that the formulation of such drugs requires the use of matrix systems that incorporate hydrophobic polymers. It would appear that the most successful strategy would be to create a formulation for oral controlled release by employing matrix tablets

Physico-chemical properties based differential toxicity of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide in human lung cells mediated through oxidative stress

Goraphene derivatives (GD) are currently being evaluated for technological and biomedical applications owing to their unique physico-chemical properties over other carbon allotrope such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs). But, the possible association of their properties with underlying in vitro effects have not fully examined. Here, we assessed the comparative interaction of three GD - graphene oxide (GO), thermally reduced GO (TRGO) and chemically reduced GO (CRGO), which significantly differ in their lateral size and functional groups density, with phenotypically different human lung cells; bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and alveolar epithelial cells (A549). The cellular studies demonstrate that GD significantly ineternalize and induce oxidative stress mediated cytotoxicity in both cells. The toxicity intensity was in line with the reduced lateral size and increased functional groups revealed more toxicity potential of TRGO and GO respectively. Further, A549 cells showed more susceptibility than BEAS-2B which reflected cell type dependent differential cellular response. Molecular studies revealed that GD induced differential cell death mechanism which was efficiently prevented by their respective inhibitors. This is prior study to the best of our knowledge involving TRGO for its safety evaluation which provided invaluable information and new opportunities for GD based biomedical applications