922 research outputs found
Benefit Estimation of Water Quality Improvements in Bagmati River Using Choice Modeling
Environmental Economics and Policy,
An Analytical study of Contribution of Agriculture Sector in growth of Indian Economy
AbstractAgriculture sector referred as primary sector. it is very important for economic growth of any country. It emerged as an essential-growing sector within the world economy. This sector contributes huge part of Indian GDP and occupy first place in employment provider. 58% of India’s population is depends upon Agriculture. Gross Value Added (GVA) by agronomy, forestry and trawling was estimated at Rs. 19.48 lakh crore (US 7.3 billion) over Rs. 37,397 crore (US$ 5.1 billion) in the same period last year. Its respectable share in foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows similarly as in total exports makes it the engine of economic process. Keeping in higher than scene, the current study makes an analysis of agriculture sector in Indian economy. The study shows that agriculture sector has achieved incredible growth over the year in Indian economy. Besides, their contributions in value, employment and exports are rising significantly. To take care and accelerate the expansion & contributions of this sector & to develop it as a real engine of economic process
Energetics and electronic structure of phenyl-disubstituted polyacetylene: A first-principles study
Phenyl-disubstituted polyacetylene (PDPA) is an organic semiconductor which
has been studied during the last years for its efficient photo-luminescence. In
contrast, the molecular geometry, providing the basis for the electronic and
optical properties, has been hardly investigated. In this paper, we apply a
density-functional-theory based molecular-dynamics approach to reveal the
molecular structure of PDPA in detail. We find that oligomers of this material
are limited in length, being stable only up to eight repeat units, while the
polymer is energetically unfavorable. These facts, which are in excellent
agreement with experimental findings, are explained through a detailed analysis
of the bond lengths. A consequence of the latter is the appearance of
pronounced torsion angles of the phenyl rings with respect to the plane of the
polyene backbone, ranging from up to . We point out
that such large torsion angles do not destroy the conjugation of the
electrons from the backbone to the side phenyl rings, as is evident from the
electronic charge density.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Value Added: Technique for Corporate Performance Measurement Under Social Perspective
Financial Analysts consider as profit the most important measure of business performance. Profit may be expressed in terms of money value and measured as sales margin percentage or be calculated as return of investment. These, in any form, are used as basis for measure of business performance. In recent years, considerable interest have been shown in the use of value added as an alternative or additional approach to measure the operational efficiency and profitability of a business. A lot of discussion have been going on about reporting the performance of an organization in terms of value added rather than conventional profit or loss. The information disclosed by the Statement of Value Added, based on Value Added Accounting and reporting is considered to be much more useful than that disclosed by the conventional profit and loss account in providing a realistic basis for measuring the economic performance of an organization. The concept has received great attention in accounting practices with the emergence of large corporations having significant bearing on the society and finally on the economy for multi-dimensional impact over and above the owners. Value added system is a very useful measure of judging the performance of an enterprise for managerial decision-making and for inter-firm comparison
Polymer Parametrised Field Theory
Free scalar field theory on 2 dimensional flat spacetime, cast in
diffeomorphism invariant guise by treating the inertial coordinates of the
spacetime as dynamical variables, is quantized using LQG type `polymer'
representations for the matter field and the inertial variables. The quantum
constraints are solved via group averaging techniques and, analogous to the
case of spatial geometry in LQG, the smooth (flat) spacetime geometry is
replaced by a discrete quantum structure. An overcomplete set of Dirac
observables, consisting of (a) (exponentials of) the standard free scalar field
creation- annihilation modes and (b) canonical transformations corresponding to
conformal isometries, are represented as operators on the physical Hilbert
space. None of these constructions suffer from any of the `triangulation'
dependent choices which arise in treatments of LQG. In contrast to the standard
Fock quantization, the non- Fock nature of the representation ensures that the
algebra of conformal isometries as well as that of spacetime diffeomorphisms
are represented in an anomaly free manner. Semiclassical states can be analysed
at the gauge invariant level. It is shown that `physical weaves' necessarily
underly such states and that such states display semiclassicality with respect
to, at most, a countable subset of the (uncountably large) set of observables
of type (a). The model thus offers a fertile testing ground for proposed
definitions of quantum dynamics as well as semiclassical states in LQG.Comment: 44 pages, no figure
Pelletisation Behavior of Fluxed Iron Ore Pellets of Varying Basicities Made with Waste Fines
The present study deals with the utilization of fines generated from comminution process (crushing, grinding and screening) of the Run of Mines into value added products i.e. fluxed iron ore pellets. The study comprises to understand the physical and mechanical behavior of five distinguished chemical compositions of green and dried iron ore pellets with respect to a typical Mini Blast furnace (MBF) burden data and furnace operating parameter. The maximum basicity of pellets was calculated 2.37 to make slag neutral when blast furnace runs at 100% high ash coke (avg. ash content= 29%). The crushing strength and drop number of various green pellets were measured. Green Crushing Strength was decreased with increasing lime fines. The addition of lime fines as a burnt lime, which has acicular structure creates less plasticity and brittle like fracture occurred. Due to formation of hard CaCO3 layer on the surface, after increasing lime contain crushing strength was increased in the air and oven dry pellets with respect to acid pellet (0% lime fines addition). [How to cite this article: Sarkar, A., Mandal, A.K., and Sinha, O.P. (2013) Pelletisation Behavior of Fluxed Iron Ore Pellets of Varying Basicities Made with Waste Fines. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(2),9-14. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.5.2.9-14
Knowledge, Information, and Water Treatment Behavior of Residents in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Access to safe drinking water plays a crucial role in the overall social and economic development of a community. Unsafe water delivered to household taps increases the risks of waterborne diseases and threatens population health. Consumers can adopt a number of averting behaviors such as filtering or boiling their water. While these approaches are effective in reducing the likelihood of contracting a waterborne disease, not all households treat their water. Given this, it is important to develop a better understanding of factors that influence water treatment behavior. In this paper, we examine determinants of water treatment behavior using survey data (N=1200) from Kathmandu, Nepal. In particular, this paper focuses on the impacts of knowledge, exposure to information, and community participation on drinking water treatment behavior. Previous research has found that income, education level, awareness, and exposure to media are major factors that impact the individual-level decision to treat water before using it. We contribute to this literature by explicitly examining how knowledge about waterborne diseases, exposure to water quality information campaigns, and participation in community organizations impact drinking water treatment behavior. The results from probit regression analyses suggest that either a one percentage increase in the knowledge index or community participation index both increase the likelihood of utilizing drinking water treatment methods by about 0.17 percentage points. Households connected to the distribution system are 31 percentage points more likely to treat water compared to those that are not connected to the system. Multinomial results indicate that wealthier households use more than one treatment method
Quantum time of flight distribution for cold trapped atoms
The time of flight distribution for a cloud of cold atoms falling freely
under gravity is considered. We generalise the probability current density
approach to calculate the quantum arrival time distribution for the mixed state
describing the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of velocities for the falling
atoms. We find an empirically testable difference between the time of flight
distribution calculated using the quantum probability current and that obtained
from a purely classical treatment which is usually employed in analysing time
of flight measurements. The classical time of flight distribution matches with
the quantum distribution in the large mass and high temperature limits.Comment: 6 pages, RevTex, 4 eps figure
Studies on compatibility of selective direct dyes for dyeing of jute fabric
Compatibility of binary mixture of direct dyes has been studied by conventional method as well as a new simplified andeasier method for application of direct dyes combination on jute, and the findings of both the methods are compared.In conventional method of compatibility test, the study has been made using colorimetric method by comparing ΔC vs ΔLand K/S vs ΔL for two sets of dyed samples, varying time and temperature profile in one set, and dye concentration in secondset for dyeing jute fabric with binary pairs of dyes in equal proportion (50:50). In proposed method of compatibility test, thecolour difference index (CDI) values are calculated for dyed jute fabrics using different proportions of binary mixture ofdyes. Finally, from the difference of maximum CDI and minimum CDI, the relative compatibility rating is judged.In conventional method of compatibility test, Direct Red 12B + Direct Green YG and Direct Green YG + Direct T Blue 2Rcombinations show better compatibility, while Direct Yellow 5GL + Direct T Blue 2R exhibits worst compatibility amongsttotal six combinations studied. In case of proposed method, Direct Green YG + Direct Yellow 5GL and Direct GreenYG + Direct T Blue 2R combinations show better compatibility ; Direct Red 12B + Direct Green YG combination showsfair compatibility ; and Direct Yellow 5GL + Direct T Blue 2R shows moderate compatibility. Thus, the results of twomethods though are not exactly the same but are nearer and acceptable
Pair Production of Fourth Family Charged Sleptons at Colliders
We study the pair production of , which is the supersymmetric
partner of the fourth family charged lepton, at the colliders. It
is shown that the investigation of this process at ILC/CLIC will give
opportunity to differentiate the MSSM with three and four families.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
- …