Reduction in the Allelopathic Potential of Conocarpus erectus L. through Vermicomposting

The utilization of vermi-technology to reduce allelopathic effects is a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally appropriate alternative to traditional chemical and mechanical methods. The current investigation was an effort to obtain vermicompost from C. erectus and its binary combination with soil and farmyard manure (FYM) using E. foetida. The pH, EC, organic carbon, macro and micro-nutrients, CO2 emission, the average growth rate of the worms, number of worms, number of cocoons, and weight gained by earthworms were analyzed by standard methods. The present study also investigated the effect of produced vermicompost on the growth and yield of mung beans (Vigna radiata L). The maximum reduction in soil pH was observed (6.47) in vermicompost of C. erectus leaves, among other treatments. The highest N (1.86%), P (0.15%), and K (0.41%) contents were found in the vermicompost of C. erectus leaves + FYM. Similarly, the maximum plant height (36.00 cm) was achieved in vermicompost of C. erectus leaves + FYM compared to other treatments. The highest SPAD value was observed (56.37) when the soil was treated with vermicompost (C. erectus leaves + FYM) @ 5 t ha?1, followed by the treatment where vermicompost (C. erectus leaves + soil) @ 8 t ha?1 was applied. The soil amendment of vermicompost (C. erectus leaves + FYM) @ 5 t ha?1 showed competitive results (in terms of the growth and yield parameters of mung beans) compared to other types of vermicompost and C. erectus biomass. This study has the potential to reduce the phytotoxicity of C. erectus biomass and transform it into a potent organic fertilizer through vermicomposting. © 2022 by the authors.7527/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2017, Ph- II-MG-9)/PAKTURK/R&D/HEC/2018Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/245), Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia. The authors are grateful to HEC for funding this research through the following HEC projects: “Vermicomposting: A resourceful organic fertilizer to improve agriculture production and soil health” (NRPU-HEC project no. 7527/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2017) and “Vermicomposting: An Agricultural Waste Management Technology” (project vide letter no. (Ph- II-MG-9)/PAKTURK/R&D/HEC/2018, though Pak-Turk Researchers Mobility Grant Program Phase- 2)

Penghentian Penyidikan (SP3) Berdasarkan Surat Ketetapan Nomor: S.Tap/102/VIII/2020/Reskrim Terhadap Perkara Penggelapan Yang Terlapornya Telah Ditetapkan Sebagai Tersangka Dengan Alasan Tidak Cukup Bukti Di Polres Malang

Pada skripsi ini, penulis mengangkat permasalahan Penghentian Penyidikan (SP3) berdasarkan Surat Ketetapan tentang Penghentian Penyidikan Nomor: S.Tap/102/VIII/2020/Reskrim Terhadap Perkara Penggelapan Yang Terlapor nya Telah Ditetapkan Sebagai Tersangka Dengan Alasan Tidak Cukup Bukti. Pilihan tema tersebut memiliki latar belakang oleh adanya tindakan penghentian penyidikan (SP3) dengan alasan tidak cukup bukti dimana terlapor dalam perkara penggelapan ini telah ditetapkan sebagai Tersangka. Juga adanya Putusan Perdata dengan para pihak dan objek sengketa yang sama yang menyatakan bahwa perkara tersebut bukanlah suatu perkara tindak pidana melainkan keperdataan (wanprestasi). Berdasarkan hal tersebut diatas, karya tulis ini mengangkat rumusan masalah: (1) Apa dasar pertimbangan penghentian penyidikan (SP3) dengan Surat Ketetapan Nomor S.Tap/102/VIII/2020/Reskrim terhadap perkara penggelapan yang Terlapor nya telah ditetapkan sebagai Tersangka? (2) Apa akibat hukum dari penghentian penyidikan (SP3) dengan Surat Ketetapan Nomor S.Tap/102/VIII/2020/Reskrim terhadap perkara penggelapan yang Terlapor nya telah ditetapkan sebagai Tersangka? Penulisan karya tulis ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan meneliti secara langsung ke lapangan, serta didukung dengan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder terkait SP3. Hasil dari penelitian ini, penulis memperoleh jawaban atas permasalahan yang ada bahwa Pertimbangan Penyidik dalam Surat Ketetapan Nomor: S.Tap/102/VIII/2020/Reskrim tentang Penghentian Penyidikan, berdasarkan surat dari Kejaksaan Negeri Kab. Malang Nomor: B-1584/M.5.20/Eoh.1/06/2020 serta hasil gelar perkara di ruang UnitISatreskrim yang memuat kepastian hukum dilakukannya penghentian penyidikan dalam Perkara Penggelapan dengan “Laporan Polisi Nomor: LP/264/VII/2018/Jatim/Res. Malang., dan Surat Perintah Penyidikan Nomor: Sprin.dik/287/V/2020/Reskrim, memutuskan Penghentian Penyidikan (SP3) terhadap Laporan Polisi Nomor: LP/264/VII/2018/Jatim/Res. Malang. tentang dugaan Tindak Pidana Penggelapan” sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 372 KUHP karena perkara tersebut “TIDAK CUKUP BUKTI”. dimana sebenarnya penghentian penyidikan dilakukan karena terdapat Putusan Perdata Nomor:42/Pdt.GS/2019/PN.Kpn. yang menyatakan perkara ini adalah perkara wanprestasi bukan melawan pidana sehingga dikeluarkan Surat Perintah Penghentian Penyidikan (SP3). Bahwasanya telah jelas bahwa terdapat kurangnya subyektivitas penyidik dalam menentukan suatu perkara yang diduga tindak pidana serta memutuskan suatu alasan penghentian penyidikan (SP3) dengan dalih bahwa hal tersebut merupakan kewenangan diskresi (discretionary power) kepolisian

Accelerated surgery versus standard care in hip fracture (HIP ATTACK) : an international, randomised, controlled trial

Background: Observational studies have suggested that accelerated surgery is associated with improved outcomes in patients with a hip fracture. The HIP ATTACK trial assessed whether accelerated surgery could reduce mortality and major complications. Methods: HIP ATTACK was an international, randomised, controlled trial done at 69 hospitals in 17 countries. Patients with a hip fracture that required surgery and were aged 45 years or older were eligible. Research personnel randomly assigned patients (1:1) through a central computerised randomisation system using randomly varying block sizes to either accelerated surgery (goal of surgery within 6 h of diagnosis) or standard care. The coprimary outcomes were mortality and a composite of major complications (ie, mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, venous thromboembolism, sepsis, pneumonia, life-threatening bleeding, and major bleeding) at 90 days after randomisation. Patients, health-care providers, and study staff were aware of treatment assignment, but outcome adjudicators were masked to treatment allocation. Patients were analysed according to the intention-to-treat principle. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02027896). Findings: Between March 14, 2014, and May 24, 2019, 27 701 patients were screened, of whom 7780 were eligible. 2970 of these were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive accelerated surgery (n=1487) or standard care (n=1483). The median time from hip fracture diagnosis to surgery was 6 h (IQR 4\u20139) in the accelerated-surgery group and 24 h (10\u201342) in the standard-care group (p<0\ub70001). 140 (9%) patients assigned to accelerated surgery and 154 (10%) assigned to standard care died, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0\ub791 (95% CI 0\ub772 to 1\ub714) and absolute risk reduction (ARR) of 1% ( 121 to 3; p=0\ub740). Major complications occurred in 321 (22%) patients assigned to accelerated surgery and 331 (22%) assigned to standard care, with an HR of 0\ub797 (0\ub783 to 1\ub713) and an ARR of 1% ( 122 to 4; p=0\ub771). Interpretation: Among patients with a hip fracture, accelerated surgery did not significantly lower the risk of mortality or a composite of major complications compared with standard care. Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research