Interior Atmosphere: Does It Really Have an Impact on Consumer Purchasing Behavior at Self- Serving Convenience Stores?

The main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of interior store atmosphere on consumer purchasing behavior at self-serving convenience stores in Ampara District, Sri Lanka.  Today, retail industry became highly competitive with the increasing number of convenience and other types of retail stores in the area. Hence, the retailers need to be more customer focused and have to differentiate from their competitors by making their interior atmosphere more attractive to consumers and to encourage them to spend more time, money, to purchase more merchandises and to stimulate their repeat purchase intention. A survey research was employed to collect primary information from 292 customers from convenience stores in Ampara District. Interior atmospheric factors such as, music, scent, light and color were used to identify the impact of interior atmosphere on consumer purchasing behavior. Convenience sampling was employed for data collection using a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Significant interior atmospheric factors that influence consumer purchasing behavior included music, scent, light and it is found out that color has no any impact on consumer purchasing behavior. Keywords: Interior atmosphere, convenience stores, consumer behavio

Calculating the Proportionality of Aerial Attacks Towards Electrical Power Systems: A Study on the Proportionality of Attacks Towards Iraqi Electrical Power Systems in the First Gulf War

One group of targets attacked using armed force was the Iraqi electrical system. A direct impact of that attack was the damaging of four hydroelectric power plants, six thermoelectric power plants as well as several other power plants and it was suspected that a few deaths or wounds were a direct side effect on civilians. The damaging of 10 power plants resulted in the there being a lack of power both for Iraq’s military facilities as well as for civil uses. Attacks are ideally defined as acts of violence done against an enemy done either when attacking or when defending but it also needs to be specified on what level is it done. On a tactical level attacks are defined as single attacks or individual attackson each target such as the ones on the electrical power plants. that it is balanced with military interests/necessity which is also not specified by International Humanitarian These civillian losses are such losses that have the traits of being concrete, direct and overall which bear the same definition as  the traits concrete, direct and overall applied in military advantages or conversely, if the mlitary advantages do not bear the traits of being concrete, direct and overall. Keywords: Proportionality of Aerial Attacks,  Iraqi Electrical Power Systems, First Gulf War.

Presence of stolbur phytoplasma in Cixiidae in Hungarian vineyards

Bois Noir (16SrXII-A) phytoplasmas were identified in three viticultural areas of Hungary in 18 % of Hyalesthes obsoletus, and in an asymptomatic nettle sample. The cixiid Reptalus panzeri was found to be infected with 16SrXII-A and with 16SrIII (X-disease) phytoplasmas. The latter pathogen was also detected in symptomatic wild Cirsium spp. and Convolvolus collected inside Bois Noir-infected and R. panzeri-infested vineyards

Overstrength factors of RC bridges supported on single and multi-column RC piers in Mexico

Mexico highway network has more than 14,000 bridges. Most of them are reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The bridges design process incorporates the use of an overstrength factor that is not justified and has received little attention in published works. Mexican regulations allow using an overstrength factor for buildings in the range of 2?3, to reduce the design spectra as a function of the selected seismic behavior factor. However, for bridges, a single factor of 1.5 is proposed independent of any design parameter. The bridges in Mexico are mostly simply supported structures with maximum span lengths of 50 m. A relevant and distinctive aspect of the bridges designed in Mexico is the large load amplitudes of the trucks used to define the live load and the high seismic activity in the country. This study determines overstrength factors of a family of medium-length RC bridges composed of simply supported superstructures and substructure made up of single and multi-column RC piers. Non-linear dynamic analyzes using a set of 80 accelerograms were carried out. The results show that the height of the bridges and their seismic location are relevant parameters in the overstrength of the structures. Finally, analytical expressions are proposed to assess the overstrength factors of a very common bridge typology in Mexico and the world.6612-034D-AE05 | PEDRO DA SILVA DELGADON/

Earthquake source effect and impact of the applied methodology to assess the overstrength factors of RC bridges

Seismic hazard assessment in several sites worldwide depends on two or more seismic sources. Many countries affected by subduction zones have strong motions earthquakes originated in at least two important seismic sources. In Mexico, interplate earthquakes (subduction process) have epicenters located in the Pacific coast with hypocenter depths less than 45 km and intraplate earthquakes (intermediate-depth earthquakes) normally have epicenters inside the continent with depth hypocenters greater than 45 km. Both seismic sources can potentially produce events with magnitudes Mw greater than 8.0 and, therefore, generate severe damage to the country's infrastructure. The design process of the bridges in Mexico is based on the chapter of Seismic Design of the Manual of Civil Structures of the Federal Electricity Commission. The standard allows to reduce the spectral ordinates of the design spectra by ductility and overstrength. It establishes an overstrength factor of 1.5 to reduce the design spectra, value not well supported by the Manual. This study evaluates the effect of the seismic source and methodology used to compute overstrength factors of common typologies of reinforced concrete bridges. The seismic capacity of the bridges was calculated with nonlinear static analysis and nonlinear time history analysis. The results showed that the importance of the seismic source on the overstrength factors depends on the seismic location of the bridges and, in general terms, nonlinear static analysis overestimates the bridges overstrength.6612-034D-AE05 | PEDRO DA SILVA DELGADON/

Collaboration of Researchers and Stakeholders: Transforming Educator Preparation

This study contributes to the literature on first year teachers by identifying complexities and struggles of becoming a teacher and the implications of district-university partnerships to strengthen our educator preparation program. The importance of partnerships with stakeholders, memorandum of agreements to share data, observations of first year teachers by university faculty, employer surveys, and the first year teacher’s perspectives about how well our university prepared them, as well as how they compare with other first year teachers nationally is addressed. Multiple sources of data were used to provide information about completers, individuals that graduated from the educator preparation program. These include state reports, national trends, and review of survey results next to universities across the United States involved in teacher preparation. Graduates of our teacher preparation program have a 93% retention rate after five years of teaching. The national average is 50% after five years

DAYA TARIK Dugong dugon SEBAGAI POTENSI WISATA DI KAWASAN PERAIRAN DESA ARAKAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN

Arakan village has great potential and opportunities in the field of tourism and as a touristattraction, so it is necessary to follow up with the management of the Dugong tourist attraction in thewaters of Arakan village. The problem formulated in this study is how to develop dugong tourismpotential inthe watersof Arakanvillage. This studyuseddescriptivemethod. Dataretrieval carriedoutinthis study was to directly visit the research site in Arakanvillage and in Arakan waters to makeobservations about the attraction of Dugong as tourism potential in Arakan village. Dugong orcommonly known by the locals as duyung is one of 35 species of marine mammals found in Indonesianwaters, especially in seagrass habitats. In this study, it was found that the attraction of Dugong as atourism potential in the waters of the Arakan village, the South Minahasa regency, North Sulawesiprovince, although it is only of particular interest to Dugong lovers. From observations made throughthis study, twodugongs were found in the Kolam Dugong area in the waters of Arakan village in aseagrasshabitat of 176.25 ha.Keywords: Dugong, Arakan Village ABSTRAKDesa Arakan memiliki potensi dan peluang yang besar dalam bidang pariwisata dan sebagaisalah satudayatarik wisata makaperluditindaklanjutidenganpengelolaan dayatarikwisata Dugong dikawasan perairan desa Arakan dan masalah yang dirumuskan dalam penelitianini adalahbagaimanamengembangkan potensi wisata dugong di kawasan perairandesa Arakan. dengan menggunakanmetode deskriptif. Pengambilan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mengunjungilangsung tempat penelitian di desa Arakandan di perairan Arakan serta melakukan pengamatantentang daya tarik Dugong sebagai potensi wisata di desa Arakan. Dugong atau biasa dikenal dengannama duyung merupakan satu dari 35 jenis mamalia laut yang dijumpai yang tersebar di perairanindonesia, khususnyadi habitat padang lamun. Pada peneltian ini didapati daya tarik Dugong sebagaipotensi wisata di peraiaran desa Arakan kecamatan Tatapan kabupaten minahasa selatan provinsisulawesi utara, walaupun hanya diminati secara khusus oleh pencinta Dugong. Dari pengamatan yangdilakukan malalui penelitian ini di jumpai 2 hewan Dugong di area kolamDugong perairan desa Arakanpada habitat lamun seluas 176,25 ha. Kata Kunci: Dugong, Desa Araka