Vision and Division in a Frontier Community:

In the 1790s and early 1800s, Burlington, Vermont – like towns in Ohio, Missouri, and Kentucky – represented a frontier on the edges of the new republic. Burlington was but one of many destinations for the settlers of the 1780s and 1790s. The town’s population merely kept pace with that of surrounding townships until 1820. Though Burlington became Vermont’s largest community in 1840, its place as the state’s most substantial population center was hardly a foregone conclusion in the early years of the republic. This study examines how town residents translated Burlington from a forested territory into a town with a central square, vibrant marketplace, comprehensive school system, and established church. It places Burlington within the existing historiography of community of the early American frontier, where settlers borrowed from previous experiences and precedents to formulate a vision for their new town. Burlington residents projected a vision that their town would become a central hub and city in northern Vermont. At the same time, community members also exhibited a good deal of division and disagreement during these early years of settlement. This echoes the findings of other community historians of early America. While the current study deals with mainstream historical topics (land distribution, the economy, education, and religion), it also looks at some of the less celebrated dynamics of frontier settlement. It deals with land distribution, but it looks at how the land speculation of the early republic created controversy and confusion for local residents. It acknowledges Burlington’s economic growth, but it also considers how the Lake Champlain shipping boom has masked the presence of the poor and homeless people in the community. It tells the story of the state’s first university, but it also probes the depth of community support for that project. Finally, this study confirms that formalized religious practice developed slowly in Burlington, but it also explores how formalized worship further exposed divisions in the community

Development of outbred CD1 mouse colonies with distinct standardized gut microbiota profiles for use in complex microbiota targeted studies.

Studies indicate that the gut microbiota (GM) can significantly influence both local and systemic host physiologic processes. With rising concern for optimization of experimental reproducibility and translatability, it is essential to consider the GM in study design. However, GM profiles can vary between rodent producers making consistency between models challenging. To circumvent this, we developed outbred CD1 mouse colonies with stable, complex GM profiles that can be used as donors for a variety of GM transfer techniques including rederivation, co-housing, cross-foster, and fecal microbiota transfer (FMT). CD1 embryos were surgically transferred into CD1 or C57BL/6 surrogate dams that varied by GM composition and complexity to establish four separate mouse colonies harboring GM profiles representative of contemporary mouse producers. Using targeted 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, subsequent female offspring were found to have similar GM profiles to surrogate dams. Furthermore, breeding colonies of CD1 mice with distinct GM profiles were maintained for nine generations, demonstrating GM stability within these colonies. To confirm GM stability, we shipped cohorts of these four colonies to collaborating institutions and found no significant variation in GM composition. These mice are an invaluable experimental resource that can be used to investigate GM effects on mouse model phenotype

Relación entre la inteligencia emocional y agresividad en adolescentes peruanos: una revisión sistemática y meta- análisis en el período 2015- 2020

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo general conocer las características de la relación de agresividad con la inteligencia emocional en adolescentes peruanos, bajo la metodología de la revisión sistemática y meta- análisis en el período 2015- 2020. La muestra estuvo conformada por ocho tesis. Los resultados demuestran que la característica de la relación de agresividad con la inteligencia emocional existe una relación inversa sobre el adecuado grado de la inteligencia emocional y el ejercer agresividad en adolescentes peruanos de los estudios analizados. Asimismo, se evidencia que, en los estudios analizados, para el concepto y teoría de la inteligencia emocional son predominantes los autores Bar-on (1997) así como Salovey y Mayer (1990); y para la agresividad consideraron a Bandura y Ribes (1975) y Buss (1961). La mayoría de los estudios identificados fueron de tipo no experimental como diseño correlacional. Los instrumentos utilizados, la mayoría tomaron el cuestionario de Agresividad de Buss y Perry (adaptado por Matalinares et. al, 2012), y el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional de BarOn ICE. Se corroboran que, entre estas variables, que han sido procesadas mediante el meta análisis, nos permite realizar una síntesis estadística de la muestra, entonces, se confirma la correlación estadísticamente significativa con las variables de inteligencia emocional y agresividad en los estudios analizados

Branding y fidelización del cliente en el Casino Atlantic City, Miraflores - 2019

La presente investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de determinar la relación del branding y la fidelización en los clientes en el Casino Atlantic City, Miraflores - 2019. La metodología de estudio fue de tipo de investigación aplicada, de diseño no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo, de nivel correlacional. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por todos los clientes del casino Atlantic City, con una muestra calculada de 384 personas. En la investigación se aplicó el instrumento del cuestionario, debidamente validado, el cual consto de 18 ítems, utilizando el programa estadístico SPSS versión 25, para el análisis de datos. Los resultados obtenidos mediante las encuestas, presentados mediante tablas y gráficos estadísticos, demostraron en las dimensiones de branding y fidelización de clientes, que sí existe una relación significativa, ya que a mayor desarrollo de branding dentro de la empresa, los clientes estarán más fidelizados a la empresa

Multisystem proteinopathy due to VCP mutations: A review of clinical heterogeneity and genetic diagnosis

In this work, we review clinical features and genetic diagnosis of diseases caused by mutations in the gene encoding valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), the functionally diverse AAA-ATPase. VCP is crucial to a multitude of cellular functions including protein quality control, stress granule formation and clearance, and genomic integrity functions, among others. Pathogenic mutations i

Costs of school transportation: quantifying the fiscal impacts of encouraging walking and bicycling for school travel

Abstract National governments have provided subsidies for investments in increasing the safety and attractiveness of walking and biking to school. Evaluations of Safe Routes to School initiatives have found that they have been effective at changing behavior and reducing injuries. However, there has been little attention to the impacts of these programs on pupil transportation costs. This analysis assesses the potential economic benefits of Safe Routes to School programs in the US context by estimating the annual costs of using motorized transport for short trips to schools, examining real-world examples of the costs savings of SRTS programs, and evaluating land use impacts on school transportation costs using a simulation analysis of school bus routes. We find that there is potential for school districts and families to reduce transport expenditures through public sector investments in walking and biking infrastructure near schools. We also find that land use context matters and the most cost-effective investments would benefit schools where large numbers of children live within walking distance

Preparing reading/literacy specialists to meet changes and challenges: International Literacy Association’s Standards 2017

Lead writers and co-chairs of the International Literacy Association’s Standards 2017provide a hands on guide to using updated standards for the preparation of reading/literacy specialists. Authors share key changes in content, supporting explanations with updated references, and implications for program faculty, state policymakers, and specialist candidates. Standards 2017 adds a new seventh standard for Practicum/Clinical Experiences and sets high expectations for programs to incorporate candidate experiences with technology, diversity, collaboration, and advocacy. Processes to work with colleagues to design or re-design, implement, and evaluate programs are discussed

Improving Recruitment and Retention of Honors Students: Multidisciplinary Course Modules

The University of the 21st century is in the throes of a paradigm shift, breaking free of the last century\u27s discipline-bound model of education. VCU\u27s Strategic Plan clearly articulates this forward-thinking concept: ....to promote interdisciplinary studies within the University, to bring new perspectives to bear on complex problems, and mobilize creative energies and expertise in meeting the needs of society and individuals through its unique role as Virginia\u27s major urban university. In addition, the Strategic Plan goes on to envision the Honors Program as a leader for excellence in undergraduate education\u27\u27. Our project utilizes the Honors Program to create interdisciplinary cross-campus experiences. Implementation of the proposal will enhance the Honors Program, increase Honors students\u27 exposure to VCU\u27s graduate and professional programs, and indeed, initiate an innovative, modem educational model for the entire University. Moreover, our project recommends an integrative experiential learning experience in a subsequent Honors module, either through research or community service. The proposed Honors module would expose students to issues that range across both campuses, and in particular to subsequent opportunities in graduate education in our professional programs. Two specific modules are proposed initially, in psychology/women\u27s health and pharmacy. In our design, a directing professor coordinates a team-taught honors module in which students learn about an interdisciplinary range of scholarly and professional issues relating to a specific umbrella topic (such as psychology/women\u27s health or pharmacy)

Nitric oxide as a regulator of B. anthracis pathogenicity

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key physiological regulator in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It can cause a variety of biological effects by reacting with its targets or/and indirectly inducing oxidative stress. NO can also be produced by bacteria including the pathogenic Bacillus anthracis; however, its role in the infectious process only begins to emerge. NO incapacitates macrophages by S-nitrosylating the intracellular proteins and protects B. anthracis from oxidative stress. It is also implicated in the formation of toxic peroxynitrite. In this study we further assessed the effects of B. anthracis NO produced by the NO synthase (bNOS) on bacterial metabolism and host cells in experiments with the bNOS knockout Sterne strain. The mutation abrogated accumulation of nitrite and nitrate as tracer products of NO in the culture medium and markedly attenuated growth in both aerobic and microaerobic conditions. The regulatory role of NO was also suggested by the abnormally high rate of nitrate denitrification by the mutant in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic regulation mediated by NO was reflected in reduced fermentation of glucose by the mutant correlating with the reduced toxicity of bacteria toward host cells in culture. The toxic effect of NO required permeabilization of the target cells as well as the activity of fermentation-derived metabolite in the conditions of reduced pH. The host cells demonstrated increased phosphorylation of major survivor protein kinase AKT correlating with reduced toxicity of the mutant in comparison with Sterne. Our global proteomic analysis of lymph from the lymph nodes of infected mice harboring bacteria revealed numerous changes in the pattern and levels of proteins associated with the activity of bNOS influencing key cell physiological processes relevant to energy metabolism, growth, signal transduction, stress response, septic shock, and homeostasis. This is the first in vivo observation of the bacterial NO effect on the lymphatic system