Library Education and Youth Services: A Survey of Faculty, Course Offerings, and Related Activities in Accredited Library Schools

published or submitted for publicatio

Non-speech oro-motor exercise use in acquired dysarthria management : regimes and rationales

Non-speech oro-motor exercises (NSOMExs) are described in speech and language therapy (SLT) manuals, and are thought to be much used in acquired dysarthria intervention, though there is no robust evidence of an influence on speech outcome. Opinions differ as to whether, and for which dysarthria presentations, NSOMExs are appropriate. The investigation sought to collect development phase data, in accordance with the Medical Research Council evaluation of complex interventions. The aims were to establish the extent of NSOMExs use in acquired disorders, the exercise regimes in use for dysarthria, with which dysarthric populations, and the anticipated clinical outcomes. A further aim was to determine the influencing rationales where NSOMExs were or were not used in dysarthria intervention. SLTs throughout Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, working with adult acquired dysarthria, were identified by their service heads. They received postal questionnaires comprising 21 closed and two open questions, covering respondent biographics, use of NSOMExs, anticipated clinical outcomes, and practice influencing rationales. One hundred and ninety one (56% response) completed questionnaires were returned. Eighty-one per cent of respondents used NSOMExs in dysarthria. There was no association with years of SLT experience. Those who used and those who did not use NSOMExs provided similar influencing rationales, including evidence from their own practice, and Higher Education Institute (HEI) teaching. More experienced SLTs were more likely than those more recently qualified to be guided by results from their own practice. Input from the attended HEI was more influential for those less experienced than for those more experienced. Clinical outcome aims were not confined to speech, but included also improvements in movement, sensory awareness, appearance, emotional status, dysphagia and drooling. NSOMExs were used with many neurological disorders, especially stroke, all dysarthria classes, especially flaccid, and all severity levels. Tongue and lip exercises were more frequent than face, jaw and soft palate. The most common regimes were 4-6 repetitions of each exercise, during three practice periods daily, each of 6-10 minutes. Conclusions & Implications: NSOMExs are a frequent component of dysarthria management in the UK devolved government countries. This confirmation, along with the details of SLT practice, provides a foundation for clinical research which will compare outcomes for people with dysarthria, whose management includes and does not include NSOMExs. SLT practice may be guided by evidence that speech outcome is or is not affected by NSOMExs

The Rotation Velocity - Density Relation

We have assembled 21-cm linewidths for 376 of the 732 galaxies in a magnitude-limited redshift survey of the the Perseus-Pisces region. We analyze a distance limited subset of 271 galaxies (131 widths) to examine the relationship between linewidth and local density. The sample indicates that galaxies with linewidths $\gtrsim 480$ km/s are absent from regions where the galaxy density is $\lesssim 0.03$ galaxies Mpc$^{-3}$ ($M_{B(0)}< -18.3$). This effect is in the direction predicted by standard CDM models. Galaxies with linewidths $\lesssim$ 480 km/s appear throughout the sample. The observational constraints could be substantially improved with a larger sample, IR photometry, and more uniform 21-cm data.Comment: 11 pages, 9 postscript figures; to appear in July 1996 A

Investigating Emotional Intelligence in Children: Exploring its Relationship to Cognitive Intelligence

The phrase emotional intelligence was made popular in the mainstream culture by Daniel Goleman\u27s book Emotional Intelligence. Goleman\u27s book focuses mainly on aspects of emotional intelligence in adults, as does most of the literature that exists concerning emotional intelligence. The little empirical research that exists in the field of emotional intelligence has been conducted primarily with adults. With the advent of the BarOn Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version, it has become possible to measure this construct in children. In the current study, sixty children ages nine to twelve were administered the BarOn EQ-i:YV and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition. The Full Scale IQ standard score, Performance IQ standard score, Verbal IQ standard score, Picture Arrangement subtest scale score, and Comprehension subtest scale scores were compared to the BarOn EQ-i:YV Total EQ scores to determine the relationship between them. Small, significant positive correlations were found between the Total EQ standard score and Full Scale IQ standard score, Total EQ score and Performance IQ standard score, Total EQ standard score and Picture Arrangement subtest scale score, and Total EQ standard score and Comprehension subtest scale score. All hypotheses were confirmed. A positive and statistically significant correlation exists between emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence. The relationship was small enough; however, that it can be concluded that the BarOn EQ-i:YV and the WISC-1H were measuring two different but overlapping types of intelligence

Receptor usage by the Acanthocheilonema viteae-derived immunomodulator, ES-62

ES-62 is an immunomodulatory phosphorylcholine (PC)-containing glycoprotein secreted by the rodent filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae. Previously, the use of knockout mice has revealed the effects of ES-62 on macrophages and dendritic cells to be dependent on TLR4. However, it is possible that ES-62 may interact with additional proteins on the surfaces of target cells and hence that cells may vary with respect to receptor usage. In this study, we identified by molecular weight, proteins that interact with ES-62 and found differences amongst the immune system cells studied. Thus, whereas lymphocytes appear to have two major interacting proteins of 135 and 82 kDa, U937 monocytes only contain an ES-62-binding protein of the latter molecular weight. Binding to the proteins on B cells and U937 cells wasblocked by PC, suggesting a critical role for this ES-62 moiety in facilitating interaction. Finally, ES-62 binding is followed by internalization in both macrophages and B cells but only in the former was absence of TLR4 found to block internalization. These findings are consistent with differences in receptor usage by ES-62 amongst different cell-types

Review of the literature regarding the role of parents in the reading education program

The purpose of this investigation was to present in concise form the findings of outstanding specialists in the field of reading regarding the role of parents in the reading education program. Also included was a review of some of the major parent education programs undertaken by several of the larger school systems in the United States for the purpose of acquainting parents with the reading program in their child\u27s school. A brief study of the community of Mequon with which the writer was associated was also included, reviewing the socio-economic background, population growth pattern, and educational growth pattern of the community. The writer attempted to associate this information with the role of the suburban parent in the reading education program

The preparation of New England norms for the 1947 revision of the Metropolitan Achievement Tests and their evaluation in respect to national norms for the same batteries

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1949. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Tort Remedies For Incestuous Abuse

This Comment explores the problem of incestuous abuse between father and daughter, traditional tort theories available to the incest victim/survivor, defenses fathers might raise, and the availability of punitive damages to the incest victim/survivor

She Protects Her Girls : The Legend of Mary Hawkins at Pemberton Hall

The tradition of the legend of Mary Hawkins provides an example of how urban legends develop and circulate in a community. The legend is a part of a larger tradition of story telling and of urban legends such as The Roommate\u27s Death which follow the same format. The legend is believed to be true, and many believe an actual event is the basis for the story. It is perpetuated by word of mouth, and like a ripple in a still body of water, it reaches beyond the campus and into the mainstream of the local community by means of the print media. Telling the story serves many functions for students at Eastern Illinois University and especially for those women living in Pemberton Hall, the oldest women\u27s residence hall in Illinois. The legend taps into rules of society concerning roles of women. It also touches on anxieties held by people from every economical, political, gender and religious affiliation. There is a value in the telling and hearing of the story that serves to recognize and address anxieties in human beings living in a society that is not always safe. The threat of personal harm or of injury and not being able to get help needed is recognized in the story. The legend also gives residents of Pemberton Hall and students of Eastern Illinois University, a sense of community identity. People enjoy telling the story to amuse and frighten one another. A legend such as this one, touches the lives of most people who hear it