Innovative Attraction Strategy for Waqf Donors: Case of Saudi Arabia

The concept of Waqf is as deep-rooted in Islam; yet is still confronted with challenges and issues in Muslim countries. Many scholars have discussed the topic of waqf and questioned why it is getting vanished in Muslim countries, while trust in the western world is succeeding progressively. This study aims to propose a framework, Innovative Attraction Waqf Donors Strategy Matrix as a sustainable means of charity in Saudi Arabia. This paper is emphasized attracting cash waqf donors and the researcher is embracing a specific donor, young donors. Young generation donors are Millennials, Generation Z, and Generation Alpha. Issues and challenges like lack of awareness of waqf, waqf management, legal, financial, and others have led waqf donors to fear and step backward in donating. This paper aims at exploring an innovative attraction strategy for waqf donors, as one of the funding sustainability instruments. Besides, this paper is based on some of the challenges facing the Waqf industry in general, and waqf donors specifically in Saudi Arabia. It concludes by suggesting a strategy to attract waqf donors and solve some of their facing issues. The paper offers a theoretical model based on Saudi Arabia's experience, to change donors' fear into attractive donation habits, therefore, nourishing waqf through sustainable funding. The study develops prior research and highlights the tentative innovative strategy of reviving waqf by attracting more donors. The study adopts a qualitative approach where research, interview, and discussion as well as primary data collection were employed. The paper suggests some relevant opinions for Saudi Awqaf Ministry and practitioner considerations

Detection the Antibiotyping Patterns of the Most That Common Bacterial Pathogens Susceptible to Different Antimicrobial Agents That Cause Wound Infections, in Duhok, Iraq

Background: Wound infections are considered a major problem in the field of surgery for a long time, with growing bacterial resistance to drugs that were once considered the first line of treatment for post-operative wound infections, according to data spanning two years. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the prevalence of bacteriological profiles that cause surgical wound infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns between outpatient clinics at Azadi teaching hospital in Duhok, Iraq. Methods: 165 wound swab samples were collected from surgical wound infections and tested on Blood agar, MacConkey agar, and Nutrient agar, then identified using different cultures and standard biochemical tests. On Muller Hinton Agar, all of the isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the disk diffusion technique, as defined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: 90 (54.5%) of the 165 surgical wound swab samples cultured had a positive bacterial culture, with Klebsiella pneumoniae 25 samples (27.8%) being the most common pathogen, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20 samples). Some gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 samples), Escherichia coli (13 samples), Proteus mirabilis (7 samples), and Enterobacter cloacae were also isolated (2 samples). Except for amikacin, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin, the majority of pathogens isolated demonstrated greater resistance to most other antibiotics. Conclusion: In this research, the incidence of surgical wound infection was found to be higher in the study region. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated as the most common causative agent, with multi-drug resistance and antibiotype patterns that varied

An enthroned Tyche statue from Gadara / Umm Qais, Jordan

The round statue of enthroned Tyche was originally displayed in the middle of the front row of seats in the west theatre of Umm Qais. The statue of high quality is made of ivory coloured marble, while the theatre is constructed of black basalt stone. This contrast of colour and material made the statue stand out and intensified the beauty of the theatre. The statue has been moved by the Department of Antiquities of Jordan and displayed at Umm Qais Archaeological Museum, registered as number 13c. The Gadara Tyche appeared with one of the main symbols of the goddess, the cornucopia. Highly realistic and geometric models of cultural heritage objects are attractive tools for documentation, preservation and promotion purposes. 3D imaging, using dense stereo matching techniques, is used for accurate and realistic modeling of the Tyche statue and the theatre of Umm Qais. Acquiring 3D surfaces with image matching solutions has many advantages related to the flexibility, cost effectiveness of, and need for short data collection time on the site without disturbance to the site’s visitors

An enthroned Tyche statue from Gadara / Umm Qais, Jordan

The round statue of enthroned Tyche was originally displayed in the middle of the front row of seats in the west theatre of Umm Qais. The statue of high quality is made of ivory coloured marble, while the theatre is constructed of black basalt stone. This contrast of colour and material made the statue stand out and intensified the beauty of the theatre. The statue has been moved by the Department of Antiquities of Jordan and displayed at Umm Qais Archaeological Museum, registered as number 13c. The Gadara Tyche appeared with one of the main symbols of the goddess, the cornucopia. Highly realistic and geometric models of cultural heritage objects are attractive tools for documentation, preservation and promotion purposes. 3D imaging, using dense stereo matching techniques, is used for accurate and realistic modeling of the Tyche statue and the theatre of Umm Qais. Acquiring 3D surfaces with image matching solutions has many advantages related to the flexibility, cost effectiveness of, and need for short data collection time on the site without disturbance to the site’s visitors

Formulation and research of the solid disper systems of spironolactone

Introduction: Starting from the fact that spironolactone is practically insoluble in water, its formulation orodispersible is important to enhance dissolution rapid absorption from the oral cavity. Aim: To increase the solubility of spironolactone was evaluated its association with different solubilized to form solid disperse systems. . Material and method: Preparation o f solid dispersion systems: Solid dispersion was obtained using the combined method: solvent evaporation and melting. Spironolactone and polyvinylpyrrolidone is dissolved in ethyl alcohol 96%. The resulting solution is left to complete evaporation of ethanol. Polyethylene glycol 4000 melts at a temperature of + 60° C, the mixture plus spironolactone and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Stir continuously until completely cooled. Parallel to prepare and physical mixture of spironolactone, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol. Thermo-gravimetric analysis: Substances studied, physical mixture and solid dispersion were subjected to thermo-gravimetric analysis derivatographic O1500D model MOM (Hungary). Samples were heated to a temperature of 1020° C, the heating rate of 10° C/min. He sought modification of the caloric content of substances and mixtures, recorded temperature variation, in the mass during heat treatment. Results: The dispersed solid is characterized the 3 effects of decomposition in the temperature range 45 to 471° C, the mass loss of 86.96%. At a temperature of about 60° C the degradation of the system is associated with an endothermic effect, characteristic of a melting process which confirms that the system presents a phase change. There follows a series of endothermic and exothermic effects. Total mass loss is 97.91%. Conclusions: The results confirm the formation of a solid dispersed system of spironolactone with polyvinylpyrrolidone and Polyethylene glycol 4000

Study of the disintegration methods of orally disintegrating spironolactone tablets

Catedra Tehnologia medicamentelorStudy of the disintegration methods of orally disintegrating spironolactone tablets An alternative disintegration method for orally orodispersable tablets has been proposed. This test is the nearest to in vivo conditions. The respective apparatus was proposed for this investigation. A fost elaborată o metodă alternativă de evaluare a timpului de dezagregare a comprimatelor orodispersabile. Acest test este cel mai apropiat de condiţiile in vivo. S-a propus dispozitivul respectiv pentru efectuarea acestei cercetări

Synthesis and thermodynamics of the reactions of [Pd(Eten)(H2O)2]2+ with ligands of biological significane with reference to the antitumour activity

Pd(Eten)Cl2  complex, where Eten = N-ethylethylenediamine , was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques. The stoichiometry and stability of the complexes formed between [Pd(Eten)(H2O)2]2+ and various biologically relevant ligands  as adenine, adenosine, adenosine-5’-monophosphate  and some selected peptides  were investigated at 25ºC and 0.1 M ionic strength. The speciation diagrams of the complexes formed in solutions are evaluated. Thermodynamic parameters for Pd(Eten)-glycylglycine complexes were estimated

Fabrication of Porous Silicon as a Gas Sensor: The Role of Porous Silicon Surface Morphology

Manufacture of an environmental polluting gas sensor with improved properties by controlling the preparation conditions of the photo-electrochemical etching technique (PECE). The amount of porosity, the diameter of the pores, and the thickness of the prepared layer of porous silicon (Psi) can be controlled by changing one or all of these conditions. In this paper, n-type Si with a crystalline orientation (100) was used, whereby PSi was prepared with the use of a red diode laser with a wavelength of 650 nm, using different radiation intensity, and with the constancy of etching time and current density. Through the results obtained, it was noted that: the porosity increases significantly up to 75% as well as the thickness of the PSi layer up to 1.45 µm with the increase in the intensity of the laser beam. Also, examining the morphology of the surface samples by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) besides, the average pore diameters of the prepared samples were calculated. It is clear that the intensity of the laser beam used in the irradiation process is one of the important factors in determining the properties of the prepared PSi. PSi samples have been tested by FTIR to investigate chemical bonds on surfaces such as, (Si-Si, Si-H, Si-H2, Si-O-Si, Si-O-Si, Si-H, Si-O-Si). Samples tested as gas sensors and noticed that an increase in the sensing current to 5.3 µA has appeared with the increase of porosity value where methanol gas is used as background

Study of the Influence of Incorporation of Gold Nanoparticles on the Modified Porous Silicon Sensor for Petroleum Gas Detection

In this work, the influence of alloying the porous surface with uniform distributed gold nanoparticles on the characteristic porous silicon gas sensors for petroleum gas detection has been fabricated and studied extensively. Well-controlled gold nanoparticles were prepared by employing the simple dipping process of the macro porous silicon surface in diluted concentrations of HAuCl4 salt aqueous solution. The sensing properties of the prepared porous silicon-based sensors, sensitivity response and recovery times at room temperature operating in CO gas were studied. The sensitivity of alloyed porous silicon increased from 38% to about 82% incorporation of gold nanoparticles. The lowest gas pressure detection process of CO molecules was improved from 1 mbar to 0.5 mbar. The surface alloying with rounded gold nanoparticles improved the integrated specific surface area of the alloyed porous silicon/gold nanoparticles structure, so efficient gas developed with the low-cost process

Study of the capacity to absorb water and porosity value with Spironolactone orodispersible tablets

Laboratorul de Tehnologie farmaceutică şi transfer tehnologic al Centrului Ştiinţific în domeniul medicamentului Catedra Tehnologia medicamentelor USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”Physical properties were investigated orodispersible with spironolactone tablets. It was observed that a greater capacity to absorb water in the first 2 minutes is observed at all values of the compression. Appreciable volume changes observed in the tablets obtained from the pressure of 120 N and a polymer concentration of 15%, the volume increased 5 times. 3. For tablets witness porosity values are lower and a pressure of 200 N of 3.43% is only 2.4 times lower than the tablets with crospovidone (8.36%). Au fost cercetate proprietăţile fizice ale comprimatelor orodispersabile cu spironolactonă. S-a observat că o capacitate mai mare de absorbţie a apei se observă în primele 2 minute, la toate valorile presiunii de comprimare. Modificări de volum mai apreciabile se observă la comprimatele obţinute la valoarea presiunii de 120 N şi o concentraţie a polimerului de 15%, la care volumul s-a mărit de 5 ori. 3. Pentru comprimatele martor valorile porozităţii sunt mai mici şi la presiunea de 200 N este doar de 3,43 % de 2,4 ori mai scăzută decât la comprimatele cu crospovidonă (8,36 %)