Financing Higher Education in Arab Countries: Challenges, Constraints and Solutions

This study related to the HE finance system aims primarily to systematically identify, summarize, examine and critically analyze the key challenges and constraints confronting HE finance as investigated in the research on this subject and propose solutions for further improvement. The findings from the defined sample of 24 relevant studies showed that major constraints and challenges facing HE financing certainly affects the flow of adequate finance provided to HEIs, including brain drain, existence of a gap between educational outcomes and labor market, reliance on policy learning and dependency on others, financial crisis, shortage of governmental resources, and poor participation of the private sector and civil society. The constraints and challenges were identified based on insightful theoretical constructs that highly characterized by principles and concepts which may not allow us to practicably develop a clear understanding of how to inspire the development of HE finance that would be a concern of policymakers and speedily acts on policy-making. However, the integration of such theoretical constructs (or others) and the introduction of serious attempts or thoughtful scenarios towards practical applications are mostly ignored. The need to acknowledge the constraints associated with limits on finance is fundamental for declining the hazardously high levels of unemployment for a sustainable economic growth. Finally, quantitative and mixed method research designs, and cross-sectional and panel analysis data are recommended to assess the influence of the HE finance systems and to identify the best opportunities and ways to meet challenges confronted by the countries, given their social and political paradigms

Sponsorship and Donations in Qatar Foundation: An Empirical Investigation to the Foundation’s Fundraising Efforts

Non-government organizations have historically been financially challenged, and recent developments have been underway to explore innovative fundraising and financially sustainable solutions. Within Qatar, Qatar Foundation is the largest non-government organization focusing on Education, Research, and Community Development within the local and global regions. This study aims to outline a fundraising framework to enable Qatar Foundation’s fundraising efforts to be efficient and effective. Data was collected from over 20 employees responsible for fundraising in their respective centers under Qatar Foundation’s umbrella. This data was thematically coded to identify the significant challenges and themes from the interviews. Through the themes that were noted, the study then recommends a framework that addresses the propositions and themes presented. Overall, the study provides genuine insights for effective and efficient fundraising in Qatar Foundation and any non-governmental entity in Qatar and the region

Methods of Education in the Noble Qur'an ``Dialogue as a Model''

The research started from the fact that the Holy Qur'an represents a comprehensive approach to life, where it clarifies and explains the general concept of educational methods, which was adopted by the Book of God Almighty, and then proceeds to study the methods of dialogue in it, as it is one of the most important methods of dialogue. Explaining the interest of the Holy Qur'an in this method and showing its general features by explaining how the Qur'anic verses came in the form of dialogue and dealt with various educational, faith, moral, social, and cultural issues, etc. The research was concluded with the most important findings. Keywords: education, the noble Qur'an, dialogue, methods, studie

Use an open source Change Matters site to measure the vegetation index in the Western plateau of Anbar in Iraq

As a result of the development of geo-technologies, in recent years, software has emerged that has provided the possibility of deriving information. The most important of these are geographic information systems (GIS), which are many sources in satellite data from multi-spectral satellites, The source via the Internet is one of the most important modern means of providing large data that varied between maps and satellite images (LANDSAT-SPOT-NASA). The study of land cover changes is one of the most important subjects of interest to the sciences and in particular the geographical research related to the environment and its effects on humans and living organisms. In the current research, the data of interactive open source maps were adopted, which provided the possibility of analysis. Using the Change Matters esri, it is one of the most efficient locations for detection of land cover changes by dealing with visuals for different periods of time. The study also reviewed some of the open source websites dealing with GIS to indicate their importance and role in the analysis and production of maps. The research aims to employ open-source digital technologies via the web to extract information about land cover changes

THE IMPACT OF CAMELS FRAMEWORK ON THE BANK’S MARKET PERFORMANCE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the overall financial situation, strengths, and weaknesses of the Qatari banks listed on Qatar stock exchange by using the CAMELS framework and to analyze relationship between the CAMELS framework indicators and the bank’s stock market price. The sample used in this study consists of eight publicly listed Qatari banks. Three ratios were used for each CAMELS framework indicator. The analysis consists of several parts: descriptive analysis, scoring, Islamic Vs. conventional banks, comparative analysis and regression. The study concludes that out of the 18 ratios only five have statistically significant impact on the banks stock market price

IMPACT OF FORCE FACTORS ON THE BENEFITS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN THE STATE OF QATAR

The oil and gas industry contributes significantly to GDP of Qatar and many other developing countries on the globe. Therefore, the activities of the industry especially its performance and efficiency are critical to their economies. However, since the global drop in the prices of oil and gas products, there have been many efforts on the part of management of these organizations to increase their efficiency and performance. One of the strategic steps suggested by scholars and commentators in industry that should be taken by oil and gas organizations to boost their efficiency and increase their performance is the introduction of digital transformation. In view of the above statement, this study critically investigated the impact force factors on the benefits of digital transformation in the oil and gas industry in Qatar. The researcher adopted the sequential mixed method and collected cross-sectional data using semistructured interviews and structured self-report questionnaire from 5 managers and 140 employees from the refinery operations. Three research questions and four hypotheses were tested using thematic analysis to analyse the responses to the semi-structured interviews, while structural equation model (SEM) was conducted to test the research model. The result from the thematic analysis revealed that perception of digital transformation was adversely affected by the leaders’ perception of its costs in financial terms, security, and data breaches, which might arise from using a business digital platform. It was also revealed that digital transformation was perceived as being beneficial as the respondents indicated that it could improve performance and efficiency, however, they were weary of its implementation in the entire organization. The SEM showed that perceived risk and perceived opportunity from adopting digitalization, as well as digital organizational culture were significant predictors of perception of digital transformation in the model. Perceived opportunity and digital organizational culture predicted digital maturity. Digital maturity mediated the relationship between perceived opportunity and digital transformation. In conclusion, perceived risk, perceived opportunity, and digital organizational culture were predictors of perception of digital transformation in the oil and gas industry. In view of this findings, suggestion was made regarding reducing the perceived risk and enhancing perceived opportunity with the aid of the organization culture and learning in order to change the perception of digital transformation among key stakeholders

Teacher Education, Teacher Preparation and Professional Development of Secondary Schoolteachers in Light of Recent Global Trends

The purpose of this study is to present a brief overview of the nature of teacher education and preparation programs, and the professional development of secondary schoolteachers in the Arab world, and to offer insights into recent global trends in the matter.By examining some of the relevant literature and scholarly work, this study’s main objective is to provide a comprehensive picture of the teacher-program-related policies offered by education colleges/institutions in the region in the light of global trends. To achieve this, the researchers surveyed most of the existing related studies conducted in the region. This was pursued through analysis of evidence, methodologies, underlying ideologies, and indicators of examined literature. Similarly, an analysis of publications relating to recent global trends was undertaken.Results suggest that a comprehensive “five-year” teacher programs is ideal to be integrated into higher education in the Arab world due to its feasibility, affordability as well as lower financial costs. It was found that that the components of existing teacher programs must be subject to evaluation and review for further development. However, the results indicate not only that the strategy of candidate admission and enrollment in colleges are not based on appropriate criteria, but also that a clear policy for teaching licensure is ignored.The study emphasizes the need to establish fully equipped teacher training centers. To attain this, we strongly suggest selecting or creating well-equipped and administratively affiliated schools to the colleges to provide an experimental environment for candidates to practice what they have learned. Achieving a balance between different course packages should be considered

A Relationship of Periostin with some Bio- parameters in Type2 Diabetic Patients without and with COVID19

Background: Type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prolonged disease characterized by hyperglycemia resultant from weakening in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. T2DM and its associated metabolic disorders have been stated as the main cause in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Current study was designed to investigate the association of periostin with some parameters in T2DM patients without and with COVID19.     Materials and methods: This study involved of 56 patients, 28 with T2DM without any complications, the other 28 have T2DM with COVID19 attending Al-Fallujah teaching hospital, and 28 healthy persons matching in age, gender and ethnic background as control group. Serum level of periostin was estimated by ELISA technique while urea and creatinine were assessed by colorimetric enzymatic methods. Total protein and albumin were determined by biuret method.     Results: Serum level of periostin was elevated in the T2DM patients without and with COVID19 than in healthy controls (HCs). The levels of urea and creatinine were importantly higher in T2DM patients without and with COVID 19 than in HCs (P < 0.000l), while total protein and albumin were lower in T2DM patients without and with COVID 19 than in HCs (P < 0.000l). Periostin had significant positive association with fasting serum glucose (FSG), HbA1c, urea creatinine, BMI, and ALB/GLB (P     Conclusion: Serum level of periostin may be used as a novel biomarker in diagnosis T2DM without and with COVID19

Penetration and security of openssh remote secure shell service on raspberry Pi 2

© 2018 IEEE. This research presents a penetration testing approach to help secure OpenSSH service on Raspberry Pi 2. The study discusses a technique for penetrating Debian v7.1p2, installed on Raspberry Pi 2, using Kali Linux. We exploit the vulnerability found in SSH protocol exchange keys, which causes multiple CRLF injections in Raspberry Pi 2 Model B, allowing remote authenticated users to bypass intended shell-command restrictions via well crafted X11 data forwarding. We propose an innovative security model to solve the issues of allowing remote authentication access using SSH protocol exchange keys without affecting the encrypted protocols transmissions. We conclude with recommendations on how to securely mitigate MITM attacks using our secure proposed model

Cytoplasmic Matrix and Viroplasms Inclusions in the Presence of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)

Cellular ultrastructure micrographs revealed striking changes resulting from the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV-PAV) infection in Electron microscopy. In the cytoplasm, the Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) may bind with different cytoplasmic organelles and interfere with the treated site’s metabolic processes. The micrographs of the treated plant leave with AuNPs showing; Endosomes, amorphous bodies, slender filaments fibers, myelin bodies with a high concentration of virus particles, and Gold Nanoparticles distributed in a circulated shape in the cytoplasm with virus particles