#any use? What do we know about how teachers and doctors learn through social media use?

This scoping literature review describes the landscape of recent publications (2007-2016) about how teachers and doctors learn through social media to identify whether learning was being considered and, if so, how evidence was collected (N=162). Sixty-seven percent (N=108) were teacher-related and thirty-three percent (N=54) doctor-related, covering empirical studies, literature reviews, position articles and letters to academic journals. Empirical studies were dominant – ninety-one percent (N=98) of teacher-related and sixty-one percent (N=33) of doctor-related – with both fields dominated by in-course evaluations and use/attitude studies. Although doctor-related articles focused on professional online behaviour, rather than professional learning, conference communication and information evaluation were interesting areas of enquiry. Despite professional interest in social media in these professions, there is a dearth of academic studies about their benefits for teacher and doctor learning

Social withdrawal among elderly patients in a long-stay psychiatric ward : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Nursing Studies at Massey University

Following a review of theories of aging it is argued that social interaction, as it occurs between nurse and patient, may be modified to decrease the withdrawn and apathetic behaviour commonly observed among the elderly patients of long-stay institutions. This presupposes that quality of patient care is closely related to the nature and extent of nurse-patient interaction. The study is designed to demonstrate the presence of social withdrawal in long-stay wards for elderly patients and the effect of an activation group, or programmed recreation, on the degree of withdrawal. It is predicted that following exposure to increased opportunity for social interaction in an activation group there will be measurable changes in behaviour for those directly involved. Measuring instruments have been adapted from an observation schedule described by Moores and Grant (1976), a verbal code developed by Paton and Stirling (1974) and a study by Quilitch (1974). In the study non-participant observation has been used to record the dayroom behaviour and activity of male patients in two long-stay psychiatric wards during three periods of observation. An activation group for 12 selected patients supplemented the ongoing routine of the experimental ward between the first two periods of observation for social withdrawal. Behaviour ratings for group members were obtained using scales presented by Robinson (1974) and Gibson (1967). It is shown that in two psychiatric wards for long-stay patients (mean ages 65.5 and 71.48 years respectively) the degree of social withdrawal of the patients in a dayroom setting varies over time, and variations in social withdrawal are linked with variations in nurse-patient interaction. The hypothesis that increased opportunity for interaction for a section of the patient population of a ward results in an overall increase of interaction in that ward, is partially supported. Participation in a planned group programme is associated with measurable changes in a variety of behaviours identified on selected rating scales, but the results are not statistically significant. Various factors relating to the implementation and conduct of an activation group by nurses in a long-stay ward are identified and discussed. A model of nursing care for the elderly is presented which incorporates interaction as a crucial component within a systems model

The Pilates Method And Its Relationship To Physical And Mental Awareness: A Phenomenological Study

This is a phenomenological study based on a daily practice of the Pilates method. The Pilates method, originally known as Contrology, was created by Joseph H. Pilates in the 1920s. The research question, “Will a daily practice of the Pilates method and journaling before and after each daily practice increase my awareness of my physical and mental body?” To record my experiences with the Pilates method, I journaled before and after each daily practice. I also kept track of my mindfulness using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, which showed a gradual increase throughout the process. The analysis of my journal led to four main themes, a decrease in lower back pain, an increase in body awareness that, in turn, led to a change in body image, an increase mindfulness and an increase in maintaining a present state of mind

Correlation of Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 sodium channel expression with neuropathic pain in human subjects with lingual nerve neuromas

Background: Voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 are expressed preferentially in small diameter sensory neurons, and are thought to play a role in the generation of ectopic activity in neuronal cell bodies and/or their axons following peripheral nerve injury. The expression of Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 has been quantified in human lingual nerves that have been previously injured inadvertently during lower third molar removal, and any correlation between the expression of these ion channels and the presence or absence of dysaesthesia investigated. Results: Immunohistochemical processing and quantitative image analysis revealed that Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 were expressed in human lingual nerve neuromas from patients with or without symptoms of dysaesthesia. The level of Nav1.8 expression was significantly higher in patients reporting pain compared with no pain, and a significant positive correlation was observed between levels of Nav1.8 expression and VAS scores for the symptom of tingling. No significant differences were recorded in the level of expression of Nav1.9 between patients with or without pain. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 are present in human lingual nerve neuromas, with significant correlations between the level of expression of Nav1.8 and symptoms of pain. These data provide further evidence that changes in expression of Nav1.8 are important in the development and/or maintenance of nerve injury-induced pain, and suggest that Nav1.8 may be a potential therapeutic target

The impact of broadband in schools: Summary report

Summary of the report, which reviews evidence for the impact of broadband in English schools, exploring; variations in provision in level of broadband connectivity. Links between the level of broadband activity and nationally accessible performance data; aspects of broadband connectivity and the school environment that contribute to better outcomes for pupils and teachers; academic and motivational benefits associated with educational uses of this technology

Training Informal Supporters to Improve Responses to Victim-Survivors of Domestic Violence and Abuse: A Systematic Review

Informal supporters (friends, family, colleagues, and community members) play a crucial role in societal-wide responses to victim-survivors of domestic violence and abuse. Familial and social networks, however, report a sense of helplessness and difficulties in knowing how to respond. This mixed method systematic review examines the effectiveness, and perceived effectiveness, of training informal supporters to improve their responses to victim-survivors. A novel conceptual framework was developed to underpin the review. A systematic search of four electronic databases, specialist repositories, and websites were used to identify empirical research (in academic or gray literature). Eleven included studies examined educational interventions that aimed to improve responses from informal supporters. Quality appraisal was undertaken, and studies were judged to be "good enough" for synthesis. The studies in the review indicated that informal supporters recognized the value of training for building understanding and equipping them with the skills to respond to victim-survivors. The synthesis identified statistically significant improvements in the knowledge and attitudes of informal supporters in the immediate and short-term following training. Using a behavior change model to frame the evidence, the review found that training/educational activities prime informal supporters to respond to victim-survivors, as well as enhancing their capacity and motivation to do so. This increases the likelihood that informal supporters will take action to support victim-survivors of abuse. We don't know, however, what type of support they will provide and/or whether it would be judged to be helpful by victim-survivors

Genome-wide association of familial late-onset alzheimer's disease replicates BIN1 and CLU and nominates CUGBP2 in interaction with APOE

Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. The National Institute of Aging-Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease Family Study and the National Cell Repository for Alzheimer's Disease conducted a joint genome-wide association study (GWAS) of multiplex LOAD families (3,839 affected and unaffected individuals from 992 families plus additional unrelated neurologically evaluated normal subjects) using the 610 IlluminaQuad panel. This cohort represents the largest family-based GWAS of LOAD to date, with analyses limited here to the European-American subjects. SNPs near APOE gave highly significant results (e.g., rs2075650, p = 3.2×10-81), but no other genome-wide significant evidence for association was obtained in the full sample. Analyses that stratified on APOE genotypes identified SNPs on chromosome 10p14 in CUGBP2 with genome-wide significant evidence for association within APOE ε4 homozygotes (e.g., rs201119, p = 1.5×10-8). Association in this gene was replicated in an independent sample consisting of three cohorts. There was evidence of association for recently-reported LOAD risk loci, including BIN1 (rs7561528, p = 0.009 with, and p = 0.03 without, APOE adjustment) and CLU (rs11136000, p = 0.023 with, and p = 0.008 without, APOE adjustment), with weaker support for CR1. However, our results provide strong evidence that association with PICALM (rs3851179, p = 0.69 with, and p = 0.039 without, APOE adjustment) and EXOC3L2 is affected by correlation with APOE, and thus may represent spurious association. Our results indicate that genetic structure coupled with ascertainment bias resulting from the strong APOE association affect genome-wide results and interpretation of some recently reported associations. We show that a locus such as APOE, with large effects and strong association with disease, can lead to samples that require appropriate adjustment for this locus to avoid both false positive and false negative evidence of association. We suggest that similar adjustments may also be needed for many other large multi-site studies. © 2011 Wijsman et al