The Use of Social Media Sites by Saudis and Its Relationship to the Perception of Social Values- Survey Study

The study sought to identify the relationship of Saudis to use social media by realizing social values, a descriptive study, which relied on the survey curriculum, by applying a random sample of 400 singles of Saudis in the eastern region, using the questionnaire tool, based on the theory of value inevitability. The study found a rise in the values of computational averages to recognize social values through social networking sites, The researchers felt that social media sites had a role to play in recognizing the values of responsibility In the forefront of which is contribute to the implementation of the general instructions and guidelines set by the responsible authorities , And help me maintain and defend my national duty, Contribute to the application of the general instructions and guidelines drawn up by the responsible authorities . In addition to its role in recognizing the values of loyalty, foremost among which is contributing to my sense of pride in belonging to the homeland in which I live , Helping me to participate in national events , and help me to give a good picture to others of my community , As well as its role in recognizing the values of volunteerism, primarily Help me participate in voluntary work, Contributing to crisis assistance within the Kingdom , I am happy to do voluntary wo6rk . The results also indicated a statistically significant correlation between the intensity of Saudi Arabias use of social media sites and the motivation for use, the existence of a statistically significant correlation between the drivers of the Saudis use of social media sites and the perception of social values

Beyond the Individual: A Multidisciplinary Model for Critical Thinking in the Intensive Care Unit

Sugeet K Jagpal,1,* Abdullah Alismail,2,3,* Erica Lin,4 Lauren Blackwell,5 Nayla Ahmed,6 May M Lee,7 Jared Chiarchiaro8 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; 2Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA; 3Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; 4Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; 5Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; 6Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 7Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of South California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 8Division of Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Abdullah Alismail, Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA, Email [email protected]: Health profession educators readily identify with the goal of fostering healthcare providers who are critical thinkers focused on quality patient care. In the following paper, we aim to delve into critical thinking at the team level and help educators begin the process of creating a shared mental model focusing on cognition to identify gaps and opportunities for growth in their trainees. We will distinguish between microcognition (an individual’s own critical thinking process in a controlled environment), macrocognition (critical thinking process in a real-world environment), and team cognition (the interaction and relationship among team members to augment macrocognition). A common case example will be used to guide the discussion as well as provide a model framework to be used for clinician educators in the future.Keywords: medical education, cognition, shared mental models, clinician educator

Overview on Epidemiology and Management of Myxedema Coma or Crisis

The most severe type of hypothyroidism is known as myxedema coma, which can quickly lead to death if not identified and treated aggressively. The condition known as hypothyroidism is easily detected and treated. But if ignored, it might eventually progress to myxedema coma, the most serious form of hypothyroidism. Since the majority of patients do not initially appear in a coma, the term "myxedema coma" is usually regarded as misleading. Lethargy usually progresses to stupor, which then becomes a coma with hypothermia and respiratory failure. only clinical criteria are used for diagnosis because thyroid hormone assays are unable to distinguish between simple hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm. Apart from essential medical interventions, the treatment focuses on preventing thyroid hormone production and secretion as antithyroid medications, and preventing the peripheral effects of thyroid hormone as β-blocker, glucocorticoids. The diagnosis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood is the same as that of simple hypothyroidism. As soon as a diagnosis is obtained, treatment should start right away. The majority of hospital and commercial laboratories can turnaround a TSH test in a matter of hours

Autonomous vehicles: challenges, opportunities, and future implications for transportation policies

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities pertaining to transportation policies that may arise as a result of emerging autonomous vehicle (AV) technologies. AV technologies can decrease the transportation cost and increase accessibility to low-income households and persons with mobility issues. This emerging technology also has far-reaching applications and implications beyond all current expectations. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the relevant literature and explores a broad spectrum of issues from safety to machine ethics. An indispensable part of a prospective AV development is communication over cars and infrastructure (connected vehicles). A major knowledge gap exists in AV technology with respect to routing behaviors. Connected-vehicle technology provides a great opportunity to implement an efficient and intelligent routing system. To this end, we propose a conceptual navigation model based on a fleet of AVs that are centrally dispatched over a network seeking system optimization. This study contributes to the literature on two fronts: (i) it attempts to shed light on future opportunities as well as possible hurdles associated with AV technology; and (ii) it conceptualizes a navigation model for the AV which leads to highly efficient traffic circulations

Evaluation of inhaler technique and achievement and maintenance of mastery of budesonide/formoterol Spiromax® compared with budesonide/formoterol Turbuhaler® in adult patients with asthma: the Easy Low Instruction Over Time (ELIOT) study

Background: Incorrect inhaler technique is a common cause of poor asthma control. This two-phase pragmatic study evaluated inhaler technique mastery and maintenance of mastery with DuoResp® (budesonide-formoterol [BF]) Spiromax® compared with Symbicort® (BF) Turbuhaler® in patients with asthma who were receiving inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β2-agonists. Methods: In the initial cross-sectional phase, patients were randomized to a 6-step training protocol with empty Spiromax and Turbuhaler devices. Patients initially demonstrating ≥1 error with their current device, and then achieving mastery with both Spiromax and Turbuhaler (absence of healthcare professional [HCP]-observed errors), were eligible for the longitudinal phase. In the longitudinal phase, patients were randomized to BF Spiromax or BF Turbuhaler. Co-primary endpoints were the proportions of patients achieving device mastery after three training steps and maintaining device mastery (defined as the absence of HCP-observed errors after 12 weeks of use). Secondary endpoints included device preference, handling error frequency, asthma control, and safety. Exploratory endpoints included assessment of device mastery by an independent external expert reviewing video recordings of a subset of patients. Results: Four hundred ninety-three patients participated in the cross-sectional phase, and 395 patients in the longitudinal phase. In the cross-sectional phase, more patients achieved device mastery after three training steps with Spiromax (94%) versus Turbuhaler (87%) (odds ratio [OR] 3.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.05–6.95], p < 0.001). Longitudinal phase data indicated that the odds of maintaining inhaler mastery at 12 weeks were not statistically significantly different (OR 1.26 [95% CI 0.80–1.98], p = 0.316). Asthma control improved in both groups with no significant difference between groups (OR 0.11 [95% CI -0.09–0.30]). An exploratory analysis indicated that the odds of maintaining independent expert-verified device mastery were significantly higher for patients using Spiromax versus Turbuhaler (OR 2.11 [95% CI 1.25–3.54]). Conclusions: In the cross-sectional phase, a significantly greater proportion of patients using Spiromax versus Turbuhaler achieved device mastery; in the longitudinal phase, the proportion of patients maintaining device mastery with Spiromax versus Turbuhaler was similar. An exploratory independent expert-verified analysis found Spiromax was associated with higher levels of device mastery after 12 weeks. Asthma control was improved by treatment with both BF Spiromax and BF Turbuhaler

Optimal Coordinated Planning of Energy Storage and Tie-Lines to Boost Flexibility with High Wind Power Integration

Since renewable power is intermittent and uncertain, modern grid systems need to be more elegant to provide a reliable, affordable, and sustainable power supply. This paper introduces a robust optimal planning strategy to find the location and the size of an energy storage system (ESS) and feeders. It aims to accommodate the wind power energy integration to serve the future demand growth under uncertainties. The methodology was tested in the IEEE RTS-96 system and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal sizing strategy. The findings validate the improvements in the power system reliability and flexibility

Carrier-envelope phase stable, 5.4 μJ, broadband, mid-infrared pulse generation from a 1-ps, Yb:YAG thin-disk laser

We report on a simple scheme to generate broadband, μJ pulses centered at 2.1 μm with an intrinsic carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stability from the output of a Yb:YAG regenerative amplifier delivering 1-ps pulses with randomly varying CEP. To the best of our knowledge, the reported system has the highest optical-to-optical efficiency for converting 1-ps, 1 μm pulses to CEP stable, broadband, 2.1 μm pulses. The generated coherent light carries an energy of 5.4 μJ, at 5 kHz repetition rate, that can be scaled to higher energy or power by using a suitable front end, if required. The system is ideally suited for seeding broadband parametric amplifiers and multichannel synthesizers pumped by picosecond Yb-doped amplifiers, obviating the need for active timing synchronization. Alternatively, this scheme can be combined with high-power oscillators with tens of μJ energy to generate CEP stable, multioctave supercontinua, suitable for field-resolved and time-resolved spectroscopy

CPR in medical TV shows: non-health care student perspective

Abdullah Alismail,1 Nicole C Meyer,2 Waleed Almutairi,1 Noha S Daher3 1Cardiopulmonary Sciences Department, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; 2Respiratory Care Department, Loma Linda University Children&rsquo;s Hospital, Loma Linda, CA, USA; 3Department of Allied Health Studies, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA Introduction: There are over a dozen medical shows airing on television, many of which are during prime time. Researchers have recently become more interested in the role of these shows, and the awareness on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Several cases have been reported where a lay person resuscitated a family member using medical TV shows as a reference. The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate college students&rsquo; perception on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and when to shock using an automated external defibrillator based on their experience of watching medical TV shows.Methods: A total of 170 students (nonmedical major) were surveyed in four different colleges in the United States. The survey consisted of questions that reflect their perception and knowledge acquired from watching medical TV shows. A stepwise regression was used to determine the significant predictors of &ldquo;How often do you watch medical drama TV shows&rdquo; in addition to chi-square analysis for nominal variables.Results: Regression model showed significant effect that TV shows did change students&rsquo; perception positively (p&lt;0.001), and they would select shock on asystole as the frequency of watching increases (p=0.023).Conclusion: The findings of this study show that high percentage of nonmedical college students are influenced significantly by medical shows. One particular influence is the false belief about when a shock using the automated external defibrillator (AED) is appropriate as it is portrayed falsely in most medical shows. This finding raises a concern about how these shows portray basic life support, especially when not following American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. We recommend the medical advisors in these shows to use AHA guidelines and AHA to expand its expenditures to include medical shows to educate the public on the appropriate action to rescue an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patient. Keywords: medical shows, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR, college studen

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb: YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

This is a report on a 100 W, 20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier. A homemade Yb:YAG thin-disk, Kerr-lens mode-locked oscillator with turn-key performance and microjoule-level pulse energy is used to seed the regenerative chirped-pulse amplifier. The amplifier is placed in airtight housing. It operates at room temperature and exhibits stable operation at a 5 kHz repetition rate, with a pulse-to-pulse stability less than 1%. By employing a 1.5 mm-thick beta barium borate crystal, the frequency of the laser output is doubled to 515 nm, with an average power of 70 W, which corresponds to an optical-to-optical efficiency of 70%. This superior performance makes the system an attractive pump source for optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifiers in the near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral range. Combining the turn-key performance and the superior stability of the regenerative amplifier, the system facilitates the generation of a broadband, CEP-stable seed. Providing the seed and pump of the optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) from one laser source eliminates the demand of active temporal synchronization between these pulses. This work presents a detailed guide to set up and operate a Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier, based on chirped-pulse amplification (CPA), as a pump source for an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier