Employment and unemployment in the Bucharest-Ilfov region

This paper aims to achieve a study that consisted of research, analysis and interpretation of statistical data, in conjunction with theoretical aspects that allowed regional assessment of information on the structure of employment and unemployment in the Bucharest-Ilfov Region. Bucharest-Ilfov Region still remains the one with lowest ILO unemployment rate nationwide. It has fluctuated quite a bit in 2006-2010, around 4%, with the exception of 2008 when it fell sharply by almost a percentage to return a year later, value that increased in 2010 to 4.7; since 2011, it recorded an increase of 5.4% reaching 6.3% in 2012

Employment and unemployment in the Bucharest-Ilfov region

This paper aims to achieve a study that consisted of research, analysis and interpretation of statistical data, in conjunction with theoretical aspects that allowed regional assessment of information on the structure of employment and unemployment in the Bucharest-Ilfov Region. Bucharest-Ilfov Region still remains the one with lowest ILO unemployment rate nationwide. It has fluctuated quite a bit in 2006-2010, around 4%, with the exception of 2008 when it fell sharply by almost a percentage to return a year later, value that increased in 2010 to 4.7; since 2011, it recorded an increase of 5.4% reaching 6.3% in 2012

Oxidative stress in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Institutul Naţional pentru Sănătatea Mamei şi Copilului “Alessandrescu-Russescu”, Maternitatea Polizu Bucureşti, România, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie “Victor Babeş” Timişoara, România, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie “Carol Davila” Bucureşti, RomâniaIntroducere. Dezechilibrul dintre prooxidanţi şi sistemul antioxidant al organismului determină stresul oxidativ. Prematurii au risc crescut pentru stres oxidativ. Sistemele antioxidante intra şi extracelulare protejează împotriva radicalilor liberi în exces. Material şi metodă. Lotul de studiu: 46 de prematuri cu vârstă de gestaţie sub 32 de săptămâni şi detresă respiratorie, născuţi în anul 2016, în Maternitatea „Bega” Timişoara. S-au recoltat două probe de sânge: la naştere şi la 72 de ore. S–a determinat d-ROMs (capacitatea oxidativă a plasmei) şi BAP (potenţialul antioxidant). O creştere a d-ROMs şi/sau o reducere a BAP sunt indicatori ai stresului oxidativ. Rezultate. Valoarea de la care începe stresul oxidativ (d-ROMs) s-a stabilit la 320. În majoritatea cazurilor, la naştere, d-ROMs este sub nivelul de risc; valoare maximă de 545,8 (risc crescut). Valoarea de referinţă pentru BAP este 1900. În 4,34% dintre cazuri, la naştere, s–au înregistrat valori sub limită. La un singur caz d-ROMs se menţine crescut şi BAP rămâne sub nivelul ideal. La 72 de ore d-ROMs creşte în majoritatea cazurilor, dar nu atinge valoarea de risc şi se asociază cu creşterea BAP. Există corelaţie între evoluţia markerilor de stres oxidativ şi perioada de ventilaţie mecanică invazivă de peste 7 zile. Concluzii. Markerii indică faptul că stresul oxidativ apare în perioada perinatală şi poate persista la nou-născut. 21,73% dintre prematuri au avut, în evoluţie, nivele crescute ale dROMs şi scăzute ale BAP. Se corelează cu evoluţia clinică critică şi forma severă de detresă respiratorie.Introduction. The imbalance between the pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems of the organism determines oxidative stress. Premature newborns are at high risk for stress. Intra and extracellular antioxidant systems protect against excessive free oxygen radicals. Material and method. Study lot: 46 premature infants, gestational age < 32 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome, born in 2016, at „Bega” Hospital from Timişoara. We took two blood samples, at birth and at 72 hours. We determined d-ROMs (plasma oxidative capacity) and BAP (antioxidant potential). An increase in d-ROMs and/or a decrease of the BAP are markers of oxidative stress. Results. We set at 320 the d/ROMs value when oxidative stress occurs. The majority of the cases, at birth, were below the risk; maximum value 545.8 (high risk). The ideal BAP is 1900 (favorable antioxidant potential). At birth, 4.34% of the cases had lower values. In only one case the d-ROMs remain high and BAP is under the ideal value. At 72 hours d-ROMs increase in the majority of the cases, but remains below the risk value and correlates with an increase of the BAP. There is a correlation between the evolution of oxidative stress markers and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days. Conclusions. The markers indicate that oxidative stress occurs in the perinatal period and continues in the newborn. 21.73% of premature infants had high values of d-ROMs and low BAP. This correlates with an unfavorable clinical evolution and severe respiratory distress syndrome

TULBURAREA METABOLICĂ SEVERĂ – CAUZĂ DE DECES LA UN SUGAR AVÂND O BOALĂ CRONICĂ

Hiperplazia congenitală suprarenală reprezintă o tulburare în sinteza steroizilor, cu transmitere autozomal recesivă şi cu prevalenţă mare în cazul copiilor proveniţi din relaţii de consangvinitate. Prezentăm cazul unui sugar de sex masculin, diagnosticat la vârsta de 2 luni cu sindrom de pierdere de sare şi hiperplazie congenitală suprarenală forma clasică fără semne de virilizare, alături de un review al datelor din literatura recentă legată de acest subiect. Diagnosticul a fost pus pe baza istoricului familial, a datelor clinice şi paraclinice. Prognosticul poate fi unul favorabil atât timp cât există complianţă la tratamentul de substituţie cu glucocorticoizi. Totodată, riscul de deces este ridicat prin crizele suprarenale şi dezechilibrul metabolic major

Clinical complexity and impact of the ABC (Atrial fibrillation Better Care) pathway in patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF General Long-Term Registry

Background: Clinical complexity is increasingly prevalent among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The ‘Atrial fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway approach has been proposed to streamline a more holistic and integrated approach to AF care; however, there are limited data on its usefulness among clinically complex patients. We aim to determine the impact of ABC pathway in a contemporary cohort of clinically complex AF patients. Methods: From the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry, we analysed clinically complex AF patients, defined as the presence of frailty, multimorbidity and/or polypharmacy. A K-medoids cluster analysis was performed to identify different groups of clinical complexity. The impact of an ABC-adherent approach on major outcomes was analysed through Cox-regression analyses and delay of event (DoE) analyses. Results: Among 9966 AF patients included, 8289 (83.1%) were clinically complex. Adherence to the ABC pathway in the clinically complex group reduced the risk of all-cause death (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.72, 95%CI 0.58–0.91), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs; aHR: 0.68, 95%CI 0.52–0.87) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.58–0.85). Adherence to the ABC pathway was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of death (aHR: 0.74, 95%CI 0.56–0.98) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.76, 95%CI 0.60–0.96) also in the high-complexity cluster; similar trends were observed for MACEs. In DoE analyses, an ABC-adherent approach resulted in significant gains in event-free survival for all the outcomes investigated in clinically complex patients. Based on absolute risk reduction at 1 year of follow-up, the number needed to treat for ABC pathway adherence was 24 for all-cause death, 31 for MACEs and 20 for the composite outcome. Conclusions: An ABC-adherent approach reduces the risk of major outcomes in clinically complex AF patients. Ensuring adherence to the ABC pathway is essential to improve clinical outcomes among clinically complex AF patients

Impact of renal impairment on atrial fibrillation: ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and renal impairment share a bidirectional relationship with important pathophysiological interactions. We evaluated the impact of renal impairment in a contemporary cohort of patients with AF. Methods: We utilised the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry. Outcomes were analysed according to renal function by CKD-EPI equation. The primary endpoint was a composite of thromboembolism, major bleeding, acute coronary syndrome and all-cause death. Secondary endpoints were each of these separately including ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic event, intracranial haemorrhage, cardiovascular death and hospital admission. Results: A total of 9306 patients were included. The distribution of patients with no, mild, moderate and severe renal impairment at baseline were 16.9%, 49.3%, 30% and 3.8%, respectively. AF patients with impaired renal function were older, more likely to be females, had worse cardiac imaging parameters and multiple comorbidities. Among patients with an indication for anticoagulation, prescription of these agents was reduced in those with severe renal impairment, p&nbsp;&lt;.001. Over 24&nbsp;months, impaired renal function was associated with significantly greater incidence of the primary composite outcome and all secondary outcomes. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated an inverse relationship between eGFR and the primary outcome (HR 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01–1.14] per 10&nbsp;ml/min/1.73&nbsp;m2 decrease), that was most notable in patients with eGFR &lt;30&nbsp;ml/min/1.73&nbsp;m2 (HR 2.21 [95% CI, 1.23–3.99] compared to eGFR ≥90&nbsp;ml/min/1.73&nbsp;m2). Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with AF suffer from concomitant renal impairment which impacts their overall management. Furthermore, renal impairment is an independent predictor of major adverse events including thromboembolism, major bleeding, acute coronary syndrome and all-cause death in patients with AF

Impact of clinical phenotypes on management and outcomes in European atrial fibrillation patients: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF (EORP-AF) General Long-Term Registry

Background: Epidemiological studies in atrial fibrillation (AF) illustrate that clinical complexity increase the risk of major adverse outcomes. We aimed to describe European AF patients\u2019 clinical phenotypes and analyse the differential clinical course. Methods: We performed a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Ward\u2019s Method and Squared Euclidean Distance using 22 clinical binary variables, identifying the optimal number of clusters. We investigated differences in clinical management, use of healthcare resources and outcomes in a cohort of European AF patients from a Europe-wide observational registry. Results: A total of 9363 were available for this analysis. We identified three clusters: Cluster 1 (n = 3634; 38.8%) characterized by older patients and prevalent non-cardiac comorbidities; Cluster 2 (n = 2774; 29.6%) characterized by younger patients with low prevalence of comorbidities; Cluster 3 (n = 2955;31.6%) characterized by patients\u2019 prevalent cardiovascular risk factors/comorbidities. Over a mean follow-up of 22.5 months, Cluster 3 had the highest rate of cardiovascular events, all-cause death, and the composite outcome (combining the previous two) compared to Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 (all P &lt;.001). An adjusted Cox regression showed that compared to Cluster 2, Cluster 3 (hazard ratio (HR) 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.27\u20133.62; HR 3.42, 95%CI 2.72\u20134.31; HR 2.79, 95%CI 2.32\u20133.35), and Cluster 1 (HR 1.88, 95%CI 1.48\u20132.38; HR 2.50, 95%CI 1.98\u20133.15; HR 2.09, 95%CI 1.74\u20132.51) reported a higher risk for the three outcomes respectively. Conclusions: In European AF patients, three main clusters were identified, differentiated by differential presence of comorbidities. Both non-cardiac and cardiac comorbidities clusters were found to be associated with an increased risk of major adverse outcomes

Concept Study of Radio Frequency (RF) Plasma Thruster for Space Propulsion

Electric thrusters are capable of accelerating ions to speeds that are impossible to reach using chemical reaction. Recent advances in plasma-based concepts have led to the identification of electromagnetic (RF) generation and acceleration systems as able to provide not only continuous thrust, but also highly controllable and wide-range exhaust velocities. For Future Space Propulsion there is a pressing need for low pressure, high mass flow rate and controlled ion energies. This paper explores the potential of using RF heated plasmas for space propulsion in order to mitigate the electric propulsion problems caused by erosion and gain flexibility in plasma manipulation. The main key components of RF thruster architecture are: a feeding system able to provide the required neutral gas flow, plasma source chamber, antenna/electrodes wrapped around the discharge tube and optimized electromagnetic field coils for plasma confinement. A preliminary analysis of system performance (thrust, specific impulse, efficiency) is performed along with future plans of Space Propulsion based on this new concept of plasma mechanism

Preliminary results of proton inelastic scattering on 57^{57}Fe

International audienceA proton inelastic scattering experiment on a 57Fe target was performed at the 9 MV TANDEM facility of Horia Hulubei-National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania. The purpose was to determine the γ-production cross sections of the transitions observed in the 57Fe(p, p’γ)57Fe reaction. The detection system consisted of 4 HPGe detectors for detection and a Faraday cup for beam integration. The proton energy was varied from 5 to 16 MeV, in 1-MeV steps. In the current analysis, experimental cross sections were determined only for the high-volume detectors, placed at 110◦ and 150◦ with respect to the beam axis. This work presents the data analysis procedure and the preliminary experimental cross sections for the most intense transitions decaying from the first seven excited states in 57Fe. The results are compared with TALYS 1.9 theoretical calculations performed using default input parameters