Medium-evolved fragmentation functions

Medium-induced gluon radiation is usually identified as the dominant dynamical mechanism underling the {\it jet quenching} phenomenon observed in heavy-ion collisions. In its actual implementation, multiple medium-induced gluon emissions are assumed to be independent, leading, in the eikonal approximation, to a Poisson distribution. Here, we introduce a medium term in the splitting probabilities so that both medium and vacuum contributions are included on the same footing in a DGLAP approach. The improvements include energy-momentum conservation at each individual splitting, medium-modified virtuality evolution and a coherent implementation of vacuum and medium splitting probabilities. Noticeably, the usual formalism is recovered when the virtuality and the energy of the parton are very large. This leads to a similar description of the suppression observed in heavy-ion collisions with values of the transport coefficient of the same order as those obtained using the {\it quenching weights}.Comment: LaTeX, 18 pages, 13 figures included using epsfig, uses JHEP3; v2: enlarged discussions, one figure replaced, some references added, final versio

Jet coherence in QCD media: the antenna radiation spectrum

We study the radiation of a highly energetic partonic antenna in a colored state traversing a dense QCD medium. Resumming multiple scatterings of all involved constituents with the medium we derive the general gluon spectrum which encompasses both longitudinal color coherence between scattering centers in the medium, responsible for the well known Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect, and transverse color coherence between partons inside a jet, leading, in vacuum, to angular ordering of the parton shower. We discuss shortly the onset of transverse decoherence which is reached in opaque media. In this regime, the spectrum consists of independent radiation off the antenna constituents.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, paper shortened and partly rewritten, references added, results unchange

Evolution of mechanism of parton energy loss with transverse momentum at RHIC and LHC in relativistic collision of heavy nuclei

We analyze the suppression of particle production at large transverse momenta in ($0-5$ most) central collisions of gold nuclei at $\sqrt{s_\textrm{NN}}=$ 200 GeV and lead nuclei at $\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}=$ 2.76 TeV. Full next-to-leading order radiative corrections at ${\cal{O}}(\alpha_s^3)$, and nuclear effects like shadowing and parton energy loss are included. The parton energy loss is implemented in a simple multiple scattering model, where the partons lose an energy $\epsilon=\lambda \times dE/dx$ per collision, where $\lambda$ is their mean free path. We take $\epsilon=\kappa E$ for a treatment which is suggestive of the Bethe Heitler (BH) mechanism of incoherent scatterings, $\epsilon = \sqrt{\alpha E}$ for LPM mechanism, and $\epsilon=$ constant for a mechanism which suggests that the rate of energy loss ($dE/dx$) of the partons is proportional to total path length ($L$) of the parton in the plasma, as the formation time of the radiated gluon becomes much larger than $L$. We find that while the BH mechanism describes the nuclear modification factor $R_{\textrm{AA}}$ for $p_T \leq$ 5 GeV/$c$ (especially at RHIC energy), the LPM and more so the constant $dE/dx$ mechanism provides a good description at larger $p_T$. This confirms the earlier expectation that the energy loss mechanism for partons changes from BH to LPM for $p_T \ge \lambda$, where $\lambda \approx$ 1 fm and $\approx$ 1 GeV$^2$ is the average transverse kick-squared received by the parton per collision. The energy loss per collision at the $\sqrt{s_\textrm{NN}}$ =2.76 TeV is found to be about twice of that at 0.2 TeV.Comment: Discussion expanded, additional references added, 14 pages, 6 figures, To appear in Journal of Physics

A Feynman-Kac Formula for Anticommuting Brownian Motion

Motivated by application to quantum physics, anticommuting analogues of Wiener measure and Brownian motion are constructed. The corresponding Ito integrals are defined and the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a class of stochastic differential equations is established. This machinery is used to provide a Feynman-Kac formula for a class of Hamiltonians. Several specific examples are considered.Comment: 21 page

Error‐related brain activity in adolescents with obsessive‐compulsive disorder and major depressive disorder

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145307/1/da22767_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145307/2/da22767.pd

The Lantern Vol. 48, No. 1, December 1981

• While Sipping Scotch and Soda • I Remember • The Apology • Growing • It Seems Like Time Has Stood Still • Zimmerman Encounters Pessimism • Deliverer • Genus Sublime • Yours, Still • The Rising Sun • Person, Valley, Things • It Lay Motionless • Les Parques • Opportunity • The Park - I, II • Another Dimension • Grand Mal • Moments Later • Look Into A Pond • Trust and Dependency • From Foundlings • Drought • Girl at Fence • Campus • Clocking Time • A Letter From Clarence • When Flat Lines • Every Now and Then • Loneliness • Emotion No. 2 • You\u27re Walking • Battle Cries • The Ultimate Feudal Lord • Monologue From A Farther Roomhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1119/thumbnail.jp

Predicting Future Years of Life, Health, and Functional Ability: A Healthy Life Calculator for Older Adults

Introduction Planning for the future would be easier if we knew how long we will live and, more importantly, how many years we will be healthy and able to enjoy it. There are few well-documented aids for predicting our future health. We attempted to meet this need for persons 65 years of age and older. Methods Data came from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a large longitudinal study of older adults that began in 1990. Years of life (YOL) were defined by measuring time to death. Years of healthy life (YHL) were defined by an annual question about self-rated health, and years of able life (YABL) by questions about activities of daily living. Years of healthy and able life (YHABL) were the number of years the person was both Healthy and Able. We created prediction equations for YOL, YHL, YABL, and YHABL based on the demographic and health characteristics that best predicted outcomes. Internal and external validity were assessed. The resulting CHS Healthy Life Calculator (CHSHLC) was created and underwent three waves of beta testing. Findings A regression equation based on 11 variables accounted for about 40% of the variability for each outcome. Internal validity was excellent, and external validity was satisfactory. As an example, a very healthy 70-year-old woman might expect an additional 20 YOL, 16.8 YHL, 16.5 YABL, and 14.2 YHABL. The CHSHLC also provides the percent in the sample who differed by more than 5 years from the estimate, to remind the user of variability. Discussion The CHSHLC is currently the only available calculator for YHL, YABL, and YHABL. It may have limitations if today’s users have better prospects for health than persons in 1990. But the external validity results were encouraging. The remaining variability is substantial, but this is one of the few calculators that describes the possible accuracy of the estimates. Conclusion The CHSHLC, currently at http://diehr.com/paula/healthspan, meets the need for a straightforward and well-documented estimate of future years of healthy and able life that older adults can use in planning for the future

Total and High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin and Risk of Incident Diabetes in Older People

OBJECTIVE To delineate the associations of total adiponectin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, and the HMW-to-total adiponectin ratio with diabetes in older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Total and HMW adiponectin were measured in a population-based study of older adults. The relations of total adiponectin, HMW adiponectin, and their ratio with incident diabetes (n = 309) were assessed in 3,802 individuals. RESULTS Total and HMW adiponectin were highly correlated (r = 0.94). Analysis using cubic splines revealed that the associations between total and HMW adiponectin and new-onset diabetes were not linear. Specifically, after adjustment for confounders, there were similar inverse relationships for total (hazard ratio per SD 0.49 [95% CI 0.39–0.63]) and HMW adiponectin (0.42 [0.32–0.56]) with diabetes up to values of 20 and 10 mg/L, respectively, above which the associations plateaued. These associations persisted after adjustment for potential mediators (blood pressure, lipids, C-reactive protein, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]). There was, however, evidence of interaction by HOMA-IR in the lower range of adiponectin, with stronger inverse associations among insulin-sensitive than insulin-resistant participants. HMW-to-total adiponectin ratio showed a linear adjusted association with outcome, but this was abolished by inclusion of mediating variables. CONCLUSIONS In this older cohort, increasing concentrations of total and HMW adiponectin were associated with comparably lower risks of diabetes, but these associations leveled off with further increases above concentrations of 20 and 10 mg/L, respectively. The more pronounced risk decreases at the lower range among participants without insulin resistance support a role for adiponectin that is independent of baseline hyperinsulinemia, but this will require further investigation

High accuracy monitoring of honey bee colony development by a quantitative method

Honey bees are key insect pollinators, providing important economic and ecological value for human beings and ecosystems. This has triggered the development of several monitoring methods for assessing the temporal development of colony size, food storage, brood and pathogens. Nonetheless, most of these methods are based on visual assessments that are observer-dependent and prone to bias. Furthermore, the impact on colony development (invasiveness), as well as accuracy, were rarely considered when implementing new methods. In this study, we present and test a novel accurate and observer-independent method for honey bee colony assessment, capable of being fully standardized. Honey bee colony size is quantified by assessing the weight of adult bees, while brood and provision are assessed by taking photos and conducting image analysis of the combs with the image analysis software DeepbeeVR . The invasiveness and accuracy of the method were investigated using field data from two experimental apiaries in Portugal, comparing results from test and control colonies. At the end of each field experiment, most of the tested colonies had the same colony size, brood levels and honey production as the control colonies. Nonetheless, continuous weight data indicated some disturbance in tested colonies in the first year of monitoring. The overall accuracy of the image analysis software was improved by training, indicating that it is possible to adapt the software to local conditions. We conclude that the use of this fully quantitative method offers a more accurate alternative to classic visual colony assessments, with negligible impact on colony development.This work was supported by European Food Safety Authority under grant OC/EFSA/SCER/2017/02; FCT provided financial support by national funds (FCT/MCTES) to CFE (UIDB/04004/2020) and CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); NC was financed by FCT under PhD grant SFRH/BD/133352/2017; YLD by DCE (Danish Centre for Environment and Energy) under grant 21628-82105.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sequence and functional analyses of Haemophilus spp. genomic islands

Comparative analysis of genomic islands of Haemophilus species shows that they are co-evolving as semi-autonomous genomes within the host genome