Atrial electromechanical abnormalities in hypertensive patients with diastolic dysfunction

PurposeIt was to compare atrial electromechanical delays (AEMDs) by pulsed tissue Doppler echocardiography between hypertensive patients and healthy controls. It was used as a predictor for development of atrial arrhythmias as proved by other studies.MethodsWe examined 60 subjects; 20 normotensive (Controls), 20 hypertensive with LV diastolic dysfunction (Group I) and 20 hypertensive without LV diastolic dysfunction (Group II). Exclusion criteria were: receiving B-blockers or non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, Diabetes mellitus, Coronary heart disease and Systolic heart failure. All were examined to assess BP, left atrium and ventricle, and mitral valve flow. The Pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging is used to assess diastolic function and AEMDs. In apical 4-chamber view, using the pulse wave Doppler, Time intervals from the onset of P wave on surface electrocardiography to the beginning of A wave (PA) were obtained from lateral mitral annulus, septal mitral annulus, and lateral tricuspid annulus and named as lateral PA, septal PA, and RV PA, respectively. The difference between septal PA and RV PA was defined as Intra-right AEMD. The difference between lateral PA and septal PA was defined as Intra-left AEMD .The difference between lateral PA and RV PA was defined as Inter-AEMD.ResultsThe Inter-AEMD was significantly higher in Group I compared with Group II and Controls. The Intra-Left AEMD was significantly higher in Group I and Group II compared with Controls. There was no significant difference between Controls and Groups as regard to Intra-Right AEMD. There was a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure, LA diameter and volume, LV mass, E/E′ from one side and Inter-AEMD and Intra-Left AEMD from the other side. There was a negative correlation between E wave, E/A ratio and E′ wave from one side and Inter-AEMD and Intra-LeftAEMD from the other side. The Inter-AEMD and the Intra-Left AEMD were significantly higher in subjects with LV hypertrophy than those without. There was no significant correlation between the Intra-Right AEMD and left ventricular hypertrophy.ConculsionThe Inter-AEMD was significantly higher in hypertensive patients with diastolic dysfunction compared with those without diastolic dysfunction and controls. Intra-left AEMD was significantly higher in hypertensive patients with diastolic dysfunction and without diastolic dysfunction compared with normotensives, suggesting that diastolic dysfunction is associated with atrial electromechanical abnormalities

Relationship between Vegetation Height and Species Richness of Birds in Some Wetlands of Sinnar State, Sudan

Objectives of this study were to: identify the relationship between vegetation higheit and birds’ species at various wetlands of Sinnar State;This study was conducted in Sinnar state, central Sudan (Latitudes 05º -12º to 05º -14º N and longitudes 32.9º - 35.4º E), covering 12 wetlands(mayas) during the wet and the dry season duration 2011 - 2013; thewetlands are Ronga, Allahmaana, Gladeem, Elban, Rahad Kobri 45,Lawni, Kinnaf Tura 5, Rigaba, Shamiya, Wad elggack, Homrani andSinnar Dam reservoir. The study focused on abundance of herbaceousvegetation, Parameters of herbaceous vegetation were determined at50-m intervals along line transects; these parameters were plant countsand vegetation height in a 1-m circular quadrat. Birds were countedtwice a day (morning and evening) in all wetlands with the help of telescopes and binoculars, and species utilizing each site of the wetlandsare identified. Excel programme was used for data analysis. Vegetationheight is negatively correlated with birds’ species richness in wet seasons of 2011 - 2012 and 2012 - 2013, positively correlated in the dryseason when herbaceous vegetation is tall, but negatively correlatedwhen it is short

SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERIZED IONIC LIQUIDS FOR CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE

The high level of carbon dioxide (CO2) content in natural gas reserves discovered lately in Malaysia and some other reservoirs around the globe is one of the major issues that are being faced by the industry nowadays. The existing processes for CO2 removal suffer from one main setback i.e., the limitation on the maximum content of CO2 that is allowed in the natural gas feed, at very high purity as required by the industry. It seems that polymerized ionic liquids showed enhanced CO2 sorption capacities and fast sorption/desorption rates compared with their corresponding ionic liquids

Methods of Education in the Noble Qur'an ``Dialogue as a Model''

The research started from the fact that the Holy Qur'an represents a comprehensive approach to life, where it clarifies and explains the general concept of educational methods, which was adopted by the Book of God Almighty, and then proceeds to study the methods of dialogue in it, as it is one of the most important methods of dialogue. Explaining the interest of the Holy Qur'an in this method and showing its general features by explaining how the Qur'anic verses came in the form of dialogue and dealt with various educational, faith, moral, social, and cultural issues, etc. The research was concluded with the most important findings. Keywords: education, the noble Qur'an, dialogue, methods, studie

Evaluation of Post-operative Pain after Irrigation Using End-vented NaviTip Tips versus Vibringe Sonic Irrigating System in Teeth with Acute Pulpitis with Apical Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

AIM: This clinical study was conducted to evaluate and compare the post-operative pain after the using of two different irrigating techniques: Vibringe sonic irrigating system with end-vented NaviTip and conventional needle with end-vented NaviTip immediate postoperatively and 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and 7 days utilizing a numerical rating scale (NRS). METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with acute pulpitis with apical periodontitis were involved in this study. Root canals were prepared using NiTi ProTaper Universal rotary system then randomized into two equal groups according to the technique used for irrigation Group A, Vibringe sonic irrigating system with end-vented NaviTip and Group B, conventional syringe with end-vented NaviTip® irrigating tip. The needles of irrigation were penetrated 2 mm shorter than the working length. The trial design of this study is a parallel randomized controlled trial. RESULTS: All demographic data, clinical and radiographic findings, and modified NRS scores obtained from patients were statistically analyzed. Results showed that there was no statistically difference between the two groups regarding the demographic data, prevalence of pre-operative pain, after 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h and 7 days, while in both groups, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity preoperatively compared with all other time periods. CONCLUSION: There is no statistical significance difference between Vibringe sonic irrigating syringe with endvented needle and conventional syringe with end-vented NaviTip, while in both groups, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity preoperatively compared with all other time periods

A framework for IoT-enabled environment aware traffic management

Vehicular traffic has increased across all over the world especially in urban areas due to many reasons including the reduction in the cost of vehicles, degradation of the quality of public transport services and increased wealth of people. The traffic congestion created by these vehicles causes many problems. Increased environment pollution is one of the most serious negative effects of traffic congestion. Noxious gases and fine particles emitted by vehicles affect people in different ways depending on their age and present health conditions. Professionals and policy makers have devised schemes for better managing traffic in congested areas. These schemes suffer from many shortcomings including the inability to adapt to dynamic changes of traffic patterns. With the development of technology, new applications like Google maps help drivers to select less congested routes. But, the identification of the best route takes only the present traffic condition on different road segments presently. In this paper the authors propose a system that helps drivers select routes based on the present and expected environment pollution levels at critical points in a given area

Assessment of early outcomes of surgical treatment of comminuted fracture calcaneus through trans calcaneal approach

Background: Treatment options for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures are still up for debate. The gold standard treatment for intra-articular calcaneal fractures is the conventional extensile lateral approach (ELA). Objective: achievement of good reduction with stable support for intra-articular calcaneal fractures by using trans calcaneal approach aiming for better functional outcome. Methods :On the basis of a prospective cohort research, at Zagazig University Hospital Orthopedic Department we recruited 18 patients with comminuted fractures in the calcaneus who had been admitted to the hospital with intra-articular fractures, Extensive lateral approach and T-plate fixation were used to treat this condition 3 and 6 months after surgery, the American Orthopedic Foot And Ankle Society's functional assessment was performed. Results: All patients eventually achieved full union by the end of follow-up. Only one patient had delayed union. Most of patients (55.56%) had good outcome according to AOFAS score. 11.11% had excellent outcome. While about one third of patients had unsatisfactory outcome, either fair (27.77%) or poor (5.56) AOFAS score. In regard to complications, most of the studied group (61.11%) didn’t have any complications, three patients had surgical site infection, and 11.11% of patients had sural neuritis. Conclusion: The trans-calcaneal method of reduction through ELA is an excellent method for treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures, as it provides good exposure and facilitates anatomical reduction of fracture

Awareness of Chronic Kidney Disease Evaluated Using Validated Questionnaire in Minia Governorate Public

Background: Awareness and education of kidney disease has an impact on its effective management and will reduce the economic and public health burden. Objective: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to assess the level of awareness, knowledge and common risk factors of CKD in the community to plan to preventive modalities.Patients and methods: We used a pretested validated questionnaire to gather information about sociodemographic knowledge and risk factors of CKD from 464 residents aged >18 years.Results: A total of 464 residents completed this study with a median age of 30 years, 50.5% of them were females. The mean knowledge score of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was relatively poor as it was 13.12% ± 3.95. Only 48.6% could mention at least one function of the kidneys with 66.4% agreeing with that certain medications can help to slow-down the worsening of chronic kidney disease. A laboratory test for kidney function was known by 75.9%. 92.9% and 17.2% believe that CKD can be cured by spiritual means and herbal concoctions respectively. Abdominal obesity and excessive stress were seen in 64.7% and 45.5% respectively. Hypertension was seen in 56.5% while diabetes mellitus was found in 57.1% as risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to increase the public knowledge of CKD in Minia, Egypt as it was relatively poor that may be achieved by increasing awareness, education of people about CKD and how to prevent or regress its risk factors

Relationship between obesity, physical activity, sleeping hours and red blood cell parameters in adult Sudanese population: Effect of exercise and sleep hours on RBC parameters

Ideal body weight with proper physical activity and good sleep are essential parameters for good quality of life. This study is concerned with assessing the association of general obesity, physical activity and sleeping hours with hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and red blood cell (RBC) parameters in healthy adults in Sudan. In this cross sectional study, 1086 healthy adults between 20 and 60 years were included out of which 275 were males and 811 were females. A complete blood count (CBC) was performed for Hb, RBC count, PCV, MCH and MCHC using Sysmex KX-21 automated hematology analyzer. The median and 95 percentile (2.5th to 97.5th) range values for Hb and RBC count in underweight were 13.0 (Range: 9.6-16.7) g/dl and 4.6 (Range: 3.6-5.8) ×103/µL respectively, while Hb and RBC count in obese were 13.1 (Range: 10.4-17.0) g/dl and 4.6 (Range: 3.7-5.9) ×103/µL respectively, with no significant difference. The RBC count (p=0.004) and Hb (p?0.001) were significantly high in physically active compared to physically inactive participants; whereas the hemoglobin concentration (p=0.047), red blood cells (p=0.007) and hematocrit (p?0.001) values were significantly low in long-term sleep compared to normal sleeping hours. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in hemoglobin concentration, RBC count, PCV, MCH and MCHC between unde weight, normal weight, overweight and obese persons. Increased physical activity was associated with higher Hb levels and RBC counts, while long-term sleep showed lower Hb and RBCs

Crack Growth Model for Evaluation the Fatigue Life of Aluminum Alloys

The main objective of this study is to experimentally determine the fatigue life of the aluminum alloys AA2014 and AA7075-T651 by measuring the lengths of short and long cracks practically under bending stress with constant amplitude loading and stress ratio (R = -1) at room temperature (RT) 25 C0 by employing Basquin's equation. To determine the fatigue life curve for both alloys at five different levels of constant amplitude stresses, the average failure cycles of three specimens at each stress level were recorded. The surface of specimen was replicated with cellulose paper and liquid acetone. This piece was examined using an optical microscope to record the length of the crack and the number of cycles corresponding to it at a constant stress level. The lengths of the cracks were then measured using the replication approach. A unique mathematical model was created to describe the relationship between crack speed (da/dN) and the length of short and long cracks in order to predict the overall fatigue life of each alloy. When the model's result was contrasted with actual outcomes, the conclusions were reliable and productive