IMPLEMENTASI HIGH AVAILABILITY STORAGE SERVER

ABSTRAK Pada era Big Data, data merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi perusahaan, institusi maupun pemerintahan. Pada era ini, big data dapat diaplikasikan sebagai tolak ukur pengambilan keputusan strategi bisnis yang didasari oleh informasi yang tersedia dalam big data. Dalam implementasinya, big data memerlukan tempat penyimpanan yang memadai dan tentunya dengan biaya yang tidak sedikit. Untuk mengoptimalkan penyimpanan (storage) diperlukan cara khusus agar dapat meminimalisir biaya yang dikeluarkan dan dapat mengoptimalkan server yang ada. High Availibility merupakan sebuah konsep yang menjadikan suatu server akan tetap dapat melayani traffic meskipun mengalami gangguan pada server fisik maupun virtual. High Availability Server banyak digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti pelayanan jual beli online, bisnis, dan keperluan Big Data. High Availability Server dapat dibangun dengan cara menggunakan klasterisasi yang dilakukan pada server untuk meningkatkan ketersediannya, salah satu cara untuk pengklasterisasian yang sering digunakan adalah Kubernetes. Kubernetes adalah sebuah container orchestration yang bersifat open source. Kubernetes dapat mengelompokan container yang membentuk sebuah aplikasi yang dapat memudahkan proses manajemen. Kubernetes memiliki fleksibilitas yang baik karena dapat dijalankan untuk testing di mesin local dan dapat juga dijalankan sebagai sistem enterprise global. Kata kunci: High Availability, Big Data, Storag

Operational budgeting using fuzzy goal programming

Having an efficient budget normally has different advantages such as measuring the performance of various organizations, setting appropriate targets and promoting managers based on their achievements. However, any budgeting planning requires prediction of different cost components. There are various methods for budgeting planning such as incremental budgeting, program budgeting, zero based budgeting and performance budgeting. In this paper, we present a fuzzy goal programming to estimate operational budget. The proposed model uses fuzzy triangular as well as interval number to estimate budgeting expenses. The proposed study of this paper is implemented for a real-world case study in province of Qom, Iran and the results are analyzed

Evolution of paced QRS and QTc intervals in children with epicardial pacing leads

Aims : Permanent ventricular pacing in children is associated with ventricular dysfunction due to asynchronous activation. It is unclear whether paced QRS intervals increase disproportionately over time, which could potentially cause ventricular dysfunction. Methods : A total of 52 children, with bipolar steroideluting epicardial leads implanted at a median age of 5.6 years (0.0-17.4), was analyzed and followed up to 12.2 years (median 3.7). Patients were subdivided in two groups: right (RV, n = 21) and left (LV, n = 31) ventricular pacing. To correct for age, standard deviation scores (Z-scores) for paced QRS and QTc intervals were calculated from published standard-ECG norm-values. As a measure for individual paced QRS and QTc interval changes, a regression slope coefficient (inclinei) was calculated for each patient's course. Results : Mean Z-scores for paced QRS intervals at first and last follow-up were 4.7 ± 1.2 and 4.9 ± 0.9 for group RV, 4.4 ± 1.1 and 4.8 ± 1.1 for group LV. Inclinei of paced QRS (group RV: 0.038 [-0.27-0.12], group LV: 0.147 [-0.05-0.30]; p = 0.07) and QTc intervals (group RV: 0.026 [-0.08-0.06], group LV: 0.023 [-0.04-0.09]; p = 0.63) did not differ between both groups and indicated limited interval changes over time. Conclusion : Neither epicardial pacing of the right nor left ventricle caused disproportionate paced QRS or QTc interval increases over time. An age-related prolongation of the electrical activation unlikely causes ventricular dysfunctio

Comparison of surgical and interventional therapy of native and recurrent aortic coarctation regarding different age groups during childhood

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze immediate results, rate of complications and re-interventions during medium-term outcome in pediatric patients with native or recurrent aortic coarctation. We focused on an age-related therapeutic approach comparing surgical and trans-catheter treatment. Methods: This is a retrospective, single-centre, clinical observational trial including 91 consecutive patients (age: 1 day-18 years) treated for native coarctation in 67 and recurrent aortic coarctation in 24 patients. Surgical treatment was performed in 56, trans-catheter treatment with balloon dilatation in 17, and by stent implantation in 18 patients. According to the age groups, we treated 48 children in group A (6 years). A total of 41 patients in group A were operated (85%), patients in group B received either surgical or trans-catheter treatment (50% vs 50%), and 16 patients in group C were treated by stent implantation (62%). Results: Immediate results were excellent with a significant release of pressure gradient in all three age groups (64.7% in group A, 69.1% in group B, and 63.3% in group C). Complication rate and re-intervention rate (surgical and interventional) were both comparable between the three age groups (complications: group A 8.3%, group B 6.3%, and group C 3.7%; re-interventions: group A 16.6%, group B 18.8%, and group C 18.5%). Midterm outcome after a median follow-up period of 17.5 months was satisfactory with a re-intervention-free survival after 17.5 months of 83.4%, 81.2%, and 81.5% in group A, group B, and group C, respectively. Conclusions: The current strategy of an age-related therapy for native and recurrent aortic coarctation in our institution is surgery in infants 6 years of age (group C) the trans-catheter treatment with stent implantation is an excellent alternative to surgery. Balloon dilatations showed limited results with an overall re-intervention rate of 53% and, therefore, should mainly be performed as a rescue procedure or in recurrent aortic coarctation in neonate

The association between TNP2 gene polymorphisms and Iranian infertile men with varicocele: A case-control study

Background: Numerous researches have provided great evidence that revealed the relationship between varicocele and sperm DNA damage. Objective: Because of the crucial role of nuclear transition proteins (TPs) in sperm DNA condensation and integrity, this case-control study was designed to study TNP2 gene nucleotide variations in Iranian patients with varicocele. Materials and Methods: PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing were used to search for mutations in exons 1 & 2 of the TNP2 gene in 156 infertile patients with varicocele and 150 fertile men. Results: The results of sequencing showed three variants at positions c.301C > T (p.R101C), c.391C > T (p.R131 W), and g.IVS1-26G >C (rs8043625) of TNP2 gene. It was found that varicocele risk in men who have the CC genotype of g.IVS1-26G >C SNP is higher than those who don’t have these genotypes (according to Co-dominant model, Dominant model, Recessive model, and Over-dominant model). The haplotype-based analysis showed that (C/C/T) and (C/T/T) haplotypes were a risk factor of in patients with varicocele compared to controls (OR = 3.278, p = 0.000 and OR= 9.304, p = 0.038, respectively). Conclusion: Because of the significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of g.IVS1-26G >C SNP in the intronic region of TNP2 in patients with varicocele compared with controls and also because of the high conservation of this SNP position during evolution, this SNP may be involved in some important processes associated with the expression of this gene like mRNA splicing, but the exact mechanism is not clear

Left heart atrial and ventricular epicardial pacing through a left lateral thoracotomy in children: a safe approach with excellent functional and cosmetic results

Objective: Left heart atrial and ventricular epicardial pacing through a left lateral thoracotomy is an alternative approach for lead insertion in children, avoiding venous access complications and right ventricular stimulation, without compromising sporting or musical activities. We analyzed the survival and performance of left atrial and left ventricular epicardial pacing leads, and present mid-term follow-up data. Methods: Seventy-five bipolar steroid eluting pacing leads (Medtronic CapSure Epi 4968) were implanted in 41 children, aged 8.6+5.1 years. Pacing systems included 34 DDDR and 7 VVIR. Pacing leads were inserted through a muscle-sparing left lateral thoracotomy, and sutured to the left atrial appendage or atrium, and to the left ventricle. The generators were buried behind the abdominal muscles or between the thoracic muscle layers. Congenital heart disease with previous cardiac surgery was present in 25 children. Indications for pacing were post-operative heart block (n=14), sinus node disease (n=13), congenital heart block (n=9), and various (n=5). Threshold values and measured data were obtained at 6-month intervals. The mean follow-up was 3.8+2.9 years. Results: There was no mortality or major morbidity, with excellent functional and cosmetic results. Lead survival was 94 and 86% for atrial leads, and 97 and 86% for ventricular leads, at 1 and 5 years, respectively. There were five reoperations for lead fracture (n=2), insulation break (n=1), oversensing (n=1), and infection (n=1). Device reprogramming was required in three instances. In the absence of acute lead failure, mid-term follow-up shows very satisfactory and stable lead performance. Conclusions: Left heart atrial and ventricular epicardial pacing leads inserted through a left lateral thoracotomy demonstrate a high probability of survival, with favorable pacing characteristics, and optimal sensing thresholds at mid-term follow-up. Epicardial left heart pacing is reliable, and easy access can be achieved through a cosmetic and functional muscle-sparing left lateral thoracotom

Direct growth of ternary copper nickel cobalt oxide nanowires as binder-free electrode on carbon cloth for nonenzymatic glucose sensing

A new binder free electrode based on ternary copper nickel cobalt oxide nanowires grown on the carbon cloth (CuNiCoO4 NWs@ carbon cloth) was prepared and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The prepared electrocatalyst was directly used for electrochemical sensing of glucose without using enzyme. The effect of different parameters such as potential scan rate, switching potential, and glucose concentration on the electrochemical oxidation of glucose was investigated. The results showed that such an electrode presents excellent catalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose in aqueous alkaline solution. Under optimum conditions, the potential application of the electrode was evaluated by applying it to the analytical determination of glucose concentration. The results revealed that the electrocatalytic current increased linearly with the glucose concentration in the range from 0.02 to 1.4 mM with a low detection limit of 6.5 μM and good sensitivity of as high as 1782 μA mM−1 cm−2 . Selectivity investigations demonstrate that the CuNiCoO4 NWs@CC electrode could be used for selective detection of glucose in the presence of interfering species. Real sample analysis shows reasonable RSD values implying negligible matrix effect in determination of glucose in human serum samples

Mid-term results of right axillary incision for the repair of a wide range of congenital cardiac defects

Objective: We evaluated the mid-term results of the right axillary incision used for the repair of various congenital heart defects. Methods: All the patients who were operated with this incision between March 2001 and December 2007 were reviewed. There were 123 patients (median age 4.7 {0.4-19.4} years and median weight 16.6 {3.8-62} kg) undergoing atrial septal defect (ASD) closure (62), repair of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) (22), correction of partial atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) (19), and restrictive perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) (20). Additional procedures involved tricuspid valve plasty (10), mitral annuloplasty (3), reduction plasty of the aortic sinus (2), resuspension of the aortic valve cusp (2), sub aortic membrane resection (1), or reimplantation of Scimitar vein (1). The surgical technique involved peripheral (groin) and central (SVC ± aorta) cannulation for institution of cardiopulmonary bypass. Fibrillatory arrest was used for repair of ASDs and cardioplegic arrest for repairs involving the atrioventricular valves as well as VSDs. The median CPB and aortic clamp times were 72 (35-232) and 0 (0-126) min, respectively. Results: There was no need for conversion to another approach in any patient. Early morbidity included transient paresis of left upper arm (1), stenting of SVC after repair of a sinus venosus defect (1) and revision for bleeding (1). Follow-up echo showed no residual defect in 116 patients and minor residual defects in 7 patients: tiny ASD (2), tiny VSD (1) and mitral regurgitation (4). One patient developed stenosis in the right external iliac artery used for cannulation, necessitating surgical intervention. All the patients are in excellent condition after a median follow-up of 4.1 (0.4-7.1) years. The incision healed well and the thorax and the breast showed no deformity on follow-up. Conclusions: The right axillary incision provides a quality of repair for various congenital defects similar to that obtained by using standard surgical approaches. Because of its deceitful location, and the camouflaging effect of being hidden by the resting arm, it has superior cosmetic appeal compared to conventional incisions. The incision does not interfere with subsequent development of the thorax or the breast (in case of females

Do Predictors Exist for a Successful Withdrawal of Preoperative Prostaglandin E1 from Neonates with d-Transposition of the Great Arteries and Intact Ventricular Septum?

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is given to neonates with d-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) to reduce cyanosis by reopening and maintaining the patency of the ductus arteriosus. To avoid side effects, this medication can be stopped for hemodynamically stable patients after balloon atrial septostomy (BAS). A consecutive series of neonates with d-TGA and an intact ventricular septum (IVS) presenting from 2000 through 2005 was analyzed retrospectively to search for side effects of PGE1 and to identify predictors for a safe preoperative withdrawal. The medication was stopped for hemodynamically stable patients with transcutaneous oxygen saturations higher than 80% after BAS and reinitiated for patients with an oxygen saturation lower than 65%. Patients successfully weaned were compared with those who had failed weaning in terms of atrial septal defect (ASD) size, ductus arteriosus size, and the transcutaneous oxygen saturation. Prostaglandin E1 was initiated for all 43 neonates with d-TGA. The median maintenance dose of PGE1 was 0.00625μg/kg/min (range, 0.00313-0.050μg/kg/min) for a median duration of 6days (range, 1-12days). For 16 patients, PGE1 was preoperatively withdrawn but then had to be reinitiated for 7 of the 16 patients. No predictors for a successful weaning of PGE1 were found based on ASD size, ductus arteriosus size, or oxygen saturation. The adverse effects of PGE1 were apnea in 10 patients and fever in 19 patients. Neither seizures nor necrotizing enterocolitis was documented. Prostaglandin E1 was successfully withdrawn for a minority of hemodynamically stable patients with d-TGA. No predictors for a successful weaning could be identified. Because apnea and fever are common side effects, withdrawal of PGE1 after BAS may improve patient safety and comfort. In this patient group, if PGE1 withdrawal was not well tolerated, it could be safely reinitiated. There were no serious side effects of PGE