The comparison of total antioxidant capacity of serum and saliva between patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and control

Background and aim: In human body, there are a number of special systems to defend the damages caused by antioxidant. In some diseases the defense system against antioxidant activity alters and this alteration may be used in recognizing and the processing of different diseases. Diabetes is one of the most common and important chronic illnesses in which the antioxidant capacity is altered. The aim of this research was to determine and compare the antioxidant capacity of both serum and saliva of diabetics compare to the control group. Method: This is a cross - sectional research in which those under studying are 42 people of with typeII diabetes mellitus coming and going to the Arak diabetes center as the case group with 42 people of control group which were in the same age and sex with the people in the case group from the point of total antioxidant capacity in serum and saliva were compared. The capacity of antioxidant in serum and saliva was measured by FRAP method. Results: The average and standard deviation (mean±SD) of the total antioxidant capacity of serum and saliva in case group were in range: 2.51±0.088, 1.90±0.110 and in control group were: 2.90±0.107, 1.97±0.098 . (P=0.001, 0.74) From the statistical viewpoint, the increase in the total antioxidant capacity of serum in case group was meaningful, but the decrease in the total antioxidant capacity in saliva was not meaningful. Conclusion: Our results showed that the antioxidant capacity in the patients, s serum was higher than that in the control group. However, this difference was not observed in the saliva of these two groups. Conclusively, if this capacity of antioxidant is used in recognizing and processing of the disease, this difference should be taken into account

Knowledge Management and Organizational Resilience in Iranian Public Organizations

This study examines the relationship between knowledge management and organizational resilience. The statistical population of this study is 28 Public organization of Iran. The sample for the Study determined 270 Meddle and senior Managers that selected by simple random sampling. Organizational resilience questionnaires Mafabi et al (2012) and Knowledge management Amah (2013) were used. The reliability of the questionnaires in Iran renew determined. Data analysis was performed by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. Using descriptive statistics, demographic characteristics were examined. Pearson correlation coefficient used for answers to research hypothesis. The study was performed using the statistical software SPSS20. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between knowledge management and organizational resilience. Specifically, knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization, were revealed to have a positive and significant influence on organizational resilience. Hence, concluded that knowledge management specifically knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization, enhances organizational resilience in Iranian public organizations. Keywords: knowledge management, organizational resilience, knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, knowledge utilization

The relationship between knowledge management and organizational learning within middle and senior managers of Iranian public organizations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and organizational learning. The sample for the study is consisted of 270 middle and senior managers from the 28 public organizations in Iran. The study utilized both quantitative data (questionnaire) and qualitative data (interview). Amah (2013) KM questionnaires and Watkins and Marsiek (2003) organizational learning were used. The reliability of the questionnaires in Iran renew determined. The pearson rank correlation coefficient and Multiple Regression Model using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 were utilized for the analysis of data. Our finding revealed a positive and significant relationship between knowledge management and organizational learning. Specifically, knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization were revealed to have a positive and significant influence on organizational learning. Based on this finding, it was concluded that knowledge management enhances organizational learning. It is recommended that organizations should continue to strengthen their knowledge management practices especially knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization in their everyday activities as this is a sure guarantee for their learning. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Organizational learning, Knowledge Acquisition, Knowledge Storage, Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge utilization

Organizational Learning and Organizational Resilience Knowledge Management as a Mediator in Public Organizations of Iran

The purpose of this article is the findings of the mediating effect knowledge management in the relationship between organizational learning and organizational resilience. The study adopts a cross-sectional design to collect data used to carry out mediation analysis. 28 public organizations in Iran were selected as the samples of this study. The survey was conducted among meddle and senior managers and respondents were asked to express the opinions related to the effects organizational learning as mediator in relationship between management and organizational resilience. Knowledge management had an effect on organizational resilience. Organizational learning did not have a direct effect on organizational resilience, except through the full mediation of Knowledge management. This suggests that without Knowledge management, public organizations of Iran may not improve their level of resilience. Utilizing a cross-sectional design with questionnaires is one of the limitations of this study. The results may be different in the private sector. A future research strategy that may overcome this limitation is one that involves longitudinal studies in which flow of study variables can be followed over time. In addition, using objective measures, archival data for some variables, may give results that are more objective. Keywords: Organizational learning, Knowledge management, Organizational resilience, Public section organization

Knowledge Management and Organizational Resilience Organizational Learning as a Mediator in Iranian Public Organizations

The purpose of this study is to report the findings of the mediating effect of organizational learning in the relationship between knowledge management and organizational resilience. The study adopts a cross-sectional design to collect data used to carry out mediation analysis. As samples of the study 28 Iranian public organizations were selected. The survey was conducted among middle and senior managers and respondents were asked to express their opinions concerning roll of organizational learning as mediator in relationship between management and organizational resilience. Knowledge management and organizational learning as well are effective on increasing organizational resilience. However, in terms of mediating role of organizational learning findings were not similar to the result of previous studies. Organizational learning as mediator cannot have effective roll in increasing organizational resilience. Utilizing a cross-sectional design along with questionnaire is one of the limitations of the study. The results may be different in the private sector. A future research strategy that may overcome this limitation is one that involves longitudinal studies in which flow of study variables can be viewed over time. In addition, applying objective data, measures, archival data for some variables, may lead in more objective results. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Organizational Learning, Organizational Resilience, Public Section Organizations

The Relationship between Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning within Middle and Senior Managers of Iranian Public Organizations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and organizational learning. The sample for the study is consisted of 270 middle and senior managers from the 28 public organizations in Iran. The study utilized both quantitative data (questionnaire) and qualitative data (interview). Amah (2013) KM questionnaires and Watkins and Marsiek (2003) organizational learning were used. The reliability of the questionnaires in Iran renew determined. The pearson rank correlation coefficient and Multiple Regression Model using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 were utilized for the analysis of data. Our finding revealed a positive and significant relationship between knowledge management and organizational learning. Specifically, knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization were revealed to have a positive and significant influence on organizational learning. Based on this finding, it was concluded that knowledge management enhances organizational learning. It is recommended that organizations should continue to strengthen their knowledge management practices especially knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization in their everyday activities as this is a sure guarantee for their learning. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Organizational learning, Knowledge Acquisition, Knowledge Storage, Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge utilization

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN LARUTAN EKSTRAK JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia) DAN LARUTAN GLUKOSA TERHADAP MEMBUKA DAN MENUTUPNYA STOMATA DAUN Rhoeo discolor

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh pemberian larutan ekstrak Citrus aurantifolia dan larutan glukosa terhadap membuka dan menutupnya stomata pada daun tanaman adam hawa (Rhoeo discolor). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode observasi hasil percobaan serta pemberian 5 perlakukan yang berbeda yaitu dengan memberikan konsentarsi larutan Citrus aurantifolia dan glukosa yang berbeda-beda. Konsentrasi yang digunakan terdiri atas 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian larutan Citrus aurantifolia dan glukosa dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda-beda dapat mempengaruhi membuka dan menutupnya stomata pada daun Rhoeo discolor. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diberikan maka semakin sempit celah stomata menutup

Effect of L-Carnitine on Troponin, IL6 and HS– CRP levels after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Background: L-carnitine seems to be able to prevent complications after heart surgery using Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the adverse effects of pump usage. This study aimed to evaluates the effects of L-carnitine on cardiac biomarkers and operation characteristics after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.Methods and materials: In this randomized triple-blinded, sixty patients undergoing elective CABG surgery were divided into three equal groups to receive 2gr oral L-carnitine (group A), 5gr oral L-carnitine (group B) and placebo (group C) 2 hours before surgery. IL-6, creatinine, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS–CRP) levels, CK-MB, cardiac troponin and inotrope administration in ICU or after CPB were recorded for all patients at baseline levels and at 8 or 24 hours postoperatively.Results: There was an evidence of a significant difference in CPK-MB level and number of red blood cell packed used in group A was lower than group C (p<0.05). The cardiac troponin level 8 hours after surgery significantly decreased in two treatment groups in comparison to group C (p<0.05). The need for inotropic support after weaning from CPB, in B group was statistically higher than C group (p=0.021).Conclusion: Although L-carnitine adjunct therapy appears not to be associated with IL-6 and HS–CRP levels, it had beneficial effects on cardiac troponin and CPK-MB levels.   Keywords: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, IL-6, HS–CRP levels, L-carnitine, Troponi

The mutual relationship between euthanasia and preservation of life from the Islamic jurisprudence perspective

Introduction: All divine religions have paid a special attention to the preservation of life. In a similar vein, the last monotheistic religion, Islam, has emphasized the need to respect this right and the need to preserve human life. Some solutions have always been proposed on the need to respect and exercise this right. All divine religions are against euthanasia and the views of its opponents and euthanasia has been interdicted in many verses in the Quran. The current study was an attempt to demonstrate the importance of preservation of life from the perspective of Islam and to examine this issue from a religious point of view and the emphasis on the need to preserve human life Materials and Methods: The study adopted a descriptive-analytical design. In line with this design, various books on Islamic sciences, interpretation, narrations, and jurisprudence were consulted. Furthermore, using the databases, related papers were also consulted. Results: According to Islam, God is the genuine owner of human bodies and lives. Humans cannot jeopardize their lives and perform euthanasia without a legitimate reason based on jurisprudence or wisdom but should use their life in line with the goal of creation, i.e., to serve God. The importance of preservation of life is primarily recognized by wisdom1. The Holy Quran and Islamic narrations have also recognized the need to preserve human life. Islamic scientists (clergymen) have also emphasized its obligation. Conclusion: Human beings are obliged to avert dangers and do their best to preserve their lives. Every action, which may lead to euthanasia, is against wisdom Islamic jurisprudenc

THE FUNCTION OF SOCIAL MEDIA AS A SUPPORTING TOOL FOR LECTURER CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN UNIVERSITIES IN THE INDUSTRY 4.0 ERA

Lectures have many duties. The most important one is to implement the tri-dharma of higher education (teaching, research and community service). One of the efforts to support these duties in the Industry 4.0 era is the use of social media to develop professors' careers. A lack of understanding of the role of social media sometimes only sees the dark side of social media, which is actually very useful in developing lecturers' careers. This study uses a qualitative research method with a narrative research design. The subjects of this study were 92 individuals identified through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done through an online survey. Data analysis in this study used coding techniques consisting of open coding, axial coding and selective coding stages. The findings of this study show that social media is a professional development tool for teachers and can enhance professional competence, which can contribute to teachers' professional development.  Professional development that enhances the performance of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education in the areas of teaching, research and community service