Ultrasonic-assisted ruthenium-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of biscoumarins

The Ru-grafted zeolite beta was found to be an excellent heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of biscoumarins. This reaction was carried out under reflux condition and ultrasonic irradiation. On the other hand, the catalyst could be recovered for the subsequent reactions and reused without appreciable loss of activity

The effectiveness of the knowledge management model based on the European model of excellence in improving the competitive position of Tejarat Bank

Abstract The current research deals with the effectiveness of the knowledge management model in achieving the goal of improving its position in Bank Tejarat. The European Organizational Excellence Model (EFQM) was also chosen because the nine criteria included in this excellence model include the basic concerns of the bank. The analysis has been done by considering 5 main hypotheses based on 5 enabling criteria of the model and 5 sub-hypotheses according to the respondents' service units. The statistical population is experts and managers who are based in the headquarters of Tejarat Bank in Tehran. Using stratified random sampling, a total of 270 questionnaires containing 24 questions were distributed, of which 250 complete responses were received and analyzed. In this research, the methods of reviewing documents and questionnaires were used to collect information, and SPSS software was used to perform calculations. The results of the investigations show that, from the perspective of the employees of Tejarat Bank, in this discussion, among the components of the European model of organizational excellence, the human resources component has the highest priority and the component of business partners has the least importance. Extended Abstract Introduction In organizations, knowledge can be found not only in documents and resources but also in daily organizational work, processes, performance and norms of the organization. knowledge, prior to be controlled and managed, must be created and used in an organization. The process of creating knowledge requires the interaction, participation and involvement of people with information technology. If knowledge management becomes a part of the organization's business model, creating a culture of change in the organization can be applied with fewer issues, because no change is possible without awareness and preparation and saving the necessary energy for change. An organization that wants a superior position compared to its competitors, must respond to the needs and expectations of the customer by using the competitive knowledge available in the organization. Tejarat Bank has had the long-term experience of professional and leading bankers and has been among the pioneers of the banking system in many fields. He has always been concerned about updating service programs and attracting more and more customers through providing new services. Various and extensive research shows that most of today's organizations have turned to organizational learning and knowledge management with the aim of achieving a superior and brilliant position, and as a competitive advantage on the way to a clear and superior horizon compared to their competitors, they are trying to become the receiving organization. Bank Tejarat, like other organizations that have this concern, mentions knowledge management as a tool to achieve this goal. In addition, improving the knowledge level of the employees is one of the regular programs of the bank, which has long considered the effectiveness of trainings and their long-term effects as a basic principle. In this research, we seek to find the answer to this question: How effective is the knowledge management model based on the European model of excellence in improving the competitive position of Tejarat Bank? Theoretical framework Knowledge is information combined with experience, circumstances, interpretation and thinking. When information enters the human mind, it becomes knowledge (Safaei et al, 2018). Knowledge management is a coherent systematic process that uses a suitable combination of information technologies and human interaction to identify, manage and share the organization's information assets. These assets include databases, documents, policies and procedures. In addition, it includes both explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge of employees, and uses diverse and extensive methods to capture, store and share knowledge within an organization (Al Roy and Firestone, 2007). ) The European model of organizational excellence was created to recognize and promote sustainable success and provides guidelines for organizations that seek to achieve sustainable success. This model creates a holistic view of the organization and can be used to determine how these various methods are paired with each other and complement each other. (Suárez et al., 2014) Keshavarz Afshar et al, (2022) in a research called "Designing a native model of knowledge management in Iran's government organizations" prioritized the most important components affecting the maturity of knowledge management. This priority is: input, process, output, consequence and feedback. Maurcury & Mendes, (2018) believe that knowledge management can coexist with quality management, because they have the main success factors: approach to the customer and other stakeholders, human resource participation, leadership, management based on data, and information. Research methodology The current research is applicative- descriptive in terms of its purpose, and descriptive and correlative based on the method of data collection. In this research, due to the large statistical population, stratified random sampling method was used. The statistical population consists of all the personnel of the headquarters management of Tejarat Bank (employees with a bachelor's degree or higher). The method of collecting information was the review of documents and questionnaires. In the present study, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, which used a 5-point Likert scale to score the answers. Research findings In order to check the research hypotheses with the help of spss software, inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses and the simple average method was used to calculate the dimensions of the research. In the following, the normality or non-normality of the statistical sample was investigated, then the non-parametric binomial test was used to check the status of the research components, and the path analysis method was used to check the model. Knowledge management based on the European model of excellence has a direct and positive effect on improving the competitive position of Tejarat Bank in the field of leadership, in the field of policy and strategy, in the field of human resources, in the field of business partners, and in the field of processes. According to the results of the research and the fact that the significance value of the test is smaller than the significance value (0.05), it can be said that at the confidence level of 95%, the investigated components among the headquarters staff of Tejarat Bank of Tehran in the seven districts have significant differences. Friedman's analysis of variance test, which was used to rank each of the independent variables of the research, confirms that among the employees of Tejarat Bank, the component of improving human resources has the highest priority and the component of business partners has the lowest priority. The priority of the criteria is from the highest to the lowest priority in the following order: human resources, processes, leadership, policies and strategies, and finally business partners. Conclusion The present study deals with the effectiveness of the knowledge management model based on the European model of excellence in improving the competitive position of Tejarat Bank. The results of this research are consistent with the findings of Javidnia and Kamali (2017), and Tavallaei & et al, (2021); the analyzes show that from the point of view of all the considered criteria of the European model of excellence, there is a direct relationship between knowledge management and the improvement of the competitive position of Tejarat Bank in the various areas mentioned in this research. Only regarding the prioritization among different criteria, the results indicate the priority of the criteria from the highest to the lowest priority in the following order: human resources, processes, leadership, policies and strategies, and finally business partners. According to the current research, it is suggested to the bank managers that in the field of human resources, by adopting appropriate incentive policies to attract more employees' participation; in the process department by establishing organizational processes related to the creation, storage, distribution and combination of knowledge; in the field of leadership, with a commitment to culture-building regarding organizational knowledge and learning; in the field of learning strategies and policies with valuing and regulating the organization's mission and vision based on organizational knowledge, having a system Providing correct information; and finally, in the field of business partners, by forming expert and research groups, to gain knowledge and awareness of competitors' plans, by recognizing the new needs of customers, the possibility of preventing the wastage of the organization's resources and leading it to gain, provide more market share

CIVIL LIABILITY OF THE INCONCLUSIVE CAUSALITY OF THE MEDICAL TEAM IN IRAN, INDIA AND BRITAIN

Abstract. Statement of Problem and Research Questions. In the legal system of Iran, India, and England (Common Law), the issue of Tort committed by the medical team happens when in reality, there is the knowledge of damage inflicted by several causes, however it is not clear which cause has caused the damage. In the Iranian law, there have been suggested several ways for determining the liability of damage compensation such as the implementation of the right of choice in the cases of tort, the sentence establishment of the jurists as a rule, drawing, Citation to judicial circumstantial presumption, Compensation from public funds, treasury, Execution and aggregation of two conflictingsentences, Risk theory, presumption of responsibility, and the application of great judge authority, and in the Penal Code of 2015, the liability is equal. In the Indian Law, in terms of tort law in civil liability, there have not been offered any specific sentences. However, in the section 43 of the Contractual Law of 1872 on compensation of the shared damages in which the share of the parties is not determined, they are equally responsible for damage compensation, but in case one of the parties is deceased, the other party will be responsible for the compensation

The effect of socioeconomic status on ambulance requests

Introduction: Emergency medical events are not randomly distributed over a certain area. Many hidden patterns may influence this distribution due to several socioeconomic, demographic, and geospatial factors. Identifying these patterns will help health policy makers have a better planning for emergency medical services (EMS) in finding high-risk places, and people at high risk. Methods: Mashhad city EMS calls records have been analyzed retrospectively. The privacy of the data was considered by eliminating the identification information such as the name or phone number of the patients. To recognize the location of the requests all the recorded addresses were mapped into a single number representing the municipality region of the address. To express the relationship between the predictors, correlation coefficient has been employed.   Results: 154528 calls in a citywide registry from March 21, 2013, to March 20, 2014, were investigated. The average of age was 42.43 years (S.D = 21.7) with 50.5% male, 40.7% female and 8.8% of the sex were not registered. 64% of the calls were medical related and the remaining 36% were trauma-related requests. Aside from traffic accident that was the top most in all regions, other top five reasons for ambulance request including weakness, seizure, unconsciousness, nervous stress, and dyspnea were recognized. Although the regions with lower socioeconomic status are more vulnerable, they request ambulances less frequently than the regions with higher socioeconomic status. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the socioeconomic status of people and their calls to EMS. The results of this study can help policymakers in finding people in potentially high-risk locations and provide facilities to reduce mortality and morbidity

Studying Students' Knowledge of the Benefits, Challenges, and Applications of Big Data Analytics in Healthcare

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the students' familiarity from different universities of Mashhad with the benefits, applications and challenges of Big Data analysis. This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on students of different fields, including Medical Engineering, Medical Informatics, Medical Records and Health Information Management in Mashhad-Iran. A questionnaire was designed. The designed questionnaire evaluated the opinion of students regarding benefits, challenges and applications of Big Data analytics. 200 students participated and participants' opinions were evaluated descriptively and analytically. Most students were between 20 and 30 years old. 43.5% had no work experience. Current and previous field of study of most of the students were HIT, HIM, and Medical Records. Most of the participants in this study were undergraduates. 61.5% were economically active, 54.5% were exposed to Big Data. The mean scores of participants in benefits, applications, and challenges section were 3.71, 3.68, and 3.71, respectively, and process management was significant in different age groups (p=0.046), information, modelling, research, and health informatics across different fields of studies were significant (p=0.015, 0.033, 0.001, 0.024) Information and research were significantly different between groups (p=0.043 and 0.019), research in groups with / without economic activity was significant (p= 0.017) and information in exposed / non-exposed to Big Data groups was significant (p=0.02). Despite the importance and benefits of Big Data analytics, students' lack of familiarity with the necessity and importance is significant. The field of study and level of study does not appear to have an effect on the degree of knowledge of individuals regarding Big Data analysis. The design of technical training courses in this field may increase the level of knowledge of individuals regarding Big Data analysis

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) remains one of the most prevalent drug-resistant bacteria causing health care infections. Limited data are available about how the frequency of MRSE changed in Iran over the past years. The current study aimed at determining the frequency of MRSE in different cities of Iran. Methods: Databases including Web of Sciences, Scopus, Embase, Medline, and Iranian databases were searched to find studies addressing the frequency of MRSE in Iran published from Mar 2006 to Jan 2016. The data were analyzed using comprehensive meta-analysis version 2.2 (Biostat). Of the 139 records identified in the databases, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: The analyses showed that the frequency of MRSE infections was 73.9% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 61.4 - 83.4] among culture-positive cases of S. epidermidis in different parts of Iran. The frequency of MRSE was higher in the studies conducted from 2011 to 2015, based on further stratified analyses. Conclusions: The regular surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and formulation of definite antibiotic policy may control high rate of MRSE associated infections in Iran. Moreover, rapid and reliable diagnosis of MRSE isolates and regular screening of the personnel and surfaces of hospitals in terms of MRSE are indispensable

Spatio-temporal mapping of breast and prostate cancers in South Iran from 2014 to 2017

Background The most common gender-specific malignancies are cancers of the breast and the prostate. In developing countries, cancer screening of all at risk is impractical because of healthcare resource limitations. Thus, determining high-risk areas might be an important first screening step. This study explores incidence patterns of potential high-risk clusters of breast and prostate cancers in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Kerman, South Iran. Patient data were aggregated at the county and district levels calculating the incidence rate per 100,000 people both for cancers of the breast and the prostate. We used the natural-break classification with five classes to produce descriptive maps. A spatial clustering analysis (Anselin Local Moran’s I) was used to identify potential clusters and outliers in the pattern of these cancers from 2014 to 2017. Results There were 1350 breast cancer patients (including, 42 male cases) and 478 prostate cancer patients in the province of Kerman, Iran during the study period. After 45 years of age, the number of men with diagnosed prostate cancer increased similarly to that of breast cancer for women after 25 years of age. The age-standardised incidence rate of breast cancer for women showed an increase from 29.93 to 32.27 cases per 100,000 people and that of prostate cancer from 13.93 to 15.47 cases per 100,000 during 2014–2017. Cluster analysis at the county level identified high-high clusters of breast cancer in the north-western part of the province for all years studied, but the analysis at the district level showed high-high clusters for only two of the years. With regard to prostate cancer, cluster analysis at the county and district levels identified high-high clusters in this area of the province for two of the study years. Conclusions North-western Kerman had a significantly higher incidence rate of both breast and prostate cancer than the average, which should help in designing tailored screening and surveillance systems. Furthermore, this study generates new hypotheses regarding the potential relationship between increased incidence of cancers in certain geographical areas and environmental risk factors.This study received funding from Kerman University of Medical Sciences (number = 97000230). The funder provided the cost of geocoding and cleaning the data

Diagnostic Accuracy of Pyrazinamide Susceptibility Testing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility testing plays a critical role in determining the appropriate treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sequencing PZA susceptibility tests against culture-based susceptibility testing methods as the reference standard. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for the relevant records. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. Diagnostic accuracy measures (i.e., sensitivity and specificity) were pooled with a random-effects model. All statistical analyses were performed with Meta-DiSc (version 1.4, Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain), STATA (version 14, Stata Corporation, College Station, TX), and RevMan (version 5.3, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, the Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) software. Results: A total of 72 articles, published between 2000 and 2019, comprising data for 8,701 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were included in the final analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the PZA sequencing test against all reference tests (the combination of BACTEC mycobacteria growth indicator tube 960 (MGIT 960), BACTEC 460, and proportion method) were 87% (95% CI: 85–88) and 94.7% (95% CI: 94–95). The positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and the area under the curve estimates were found to be 12.0 (95% CI: 9.0–16.0), 0.17 (95% CI: 0.13–0.21), 106 (95% CI: 71–158), and 96%, respectively. Deek's test result indicated a low likelihood for publication bias (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Our analysis indicated that PZA sequencing may be used in combination with conventional tests due to the advantage of the time to result and in scenarios where culture tests are not feasible. Further work to improve molecular tests would benefit from the availability of standardized reference standards and improvements to the methodology