Comparison of Ephedrine Versus Lidocaine in Reducing the Frequency of Pain on Propofol Injection during Elective Surgeries

Background: To compare the ephedrine with lidocaine for reducing frequency of pain on propofol injection during elective surgeries.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial 80 patients were observed by taking 40 patients in each group, i.e. group A: ephedrine group and group B:lidocaine group. Patients with ASA–I (normal healthy patient), II (mild systemic disease with no functional limitation) aging between 20 and 40 years and opting for elective surgical procedures were included. The pain intensity was classified in four levels from no pain to severe pain. The frequencies of pain intensity were recorded during the injection period before the loss of consciousness according to the verbal rating scale (VRS) explained to patients at the preoperative visit. Chi square test was used to compare the frequency of pain in two groups, where p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Effect modifiers i.e. the age, gender and ASA were controlled by stratification. The post stratification Chi-square test was applied keeping the p-value <0.05 as significant.Results: In Group A, 35% complained of severe pain, 42.5% had moderate pain, 22.5% had mild pain and no patients reported absence of pain as per our operational definition. In Group B 47.5% reported no pain during propofol injection, 40% complained of mild pain, 12.5% had moderate and no patients reported severe pain. The p-value is 0.00.Conclusion: Pretreatment with lidocaine resulted in significantly better pain control during propofol infusion than pretreatment with ephedrin

Industry 4.0 project prioritization by using q-spherical fuzzy rough analytic hierarchy process

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, is attracting a significant amount of attention because it has the potential to revolutionize a variety of industries by developing a production system that is fully automated and digitally integrated. The implementation of this transformation, however, calls for a significant investment of resources and may present difficulties in the process of adapting existing technology to new endeavors. Researchers have proposed integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with extensions of fuzzy rough sets, such as the three-dimensional q-spherical fuzzy rough set (q-SFRS), which is effective in handling uncertainty and quantifying expert judgments, to prioritize projects related to Industry 4.0. This would allow the projects to be ranked in order of importance. In this article, a novel framework is presented that combines AHP with q-SFRS. To calculate aggregated values, the new framework uses a new formula called the q-spherical fuzzy rough arithmetic mean, when applied to a problem involving the selection of a project with five criteria for evaluation and four possible alternatives, the suggested framework produces results that are robust and competitive in comparison to those produced by other multi-criteria decision-making approaches

Anaesthetic Practices and Maternal Outcome in Rising Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: This study was carried out to determine whether the rate of abnormal placentation is increasing in concurrence with the cesarean section and to assess risk factors and outcomes with multidisciplinary team interventions and anesthetic practices. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Material & Methods: A study was conducted in the department of anaesthesia from January 2014 to December 2017. All candidates under the spectrum of placenta accreta were observed for maternal age, parity, mode of anesthesia, blood loss, and outcome. Results: Out of 109 patients, the preoperative diagnosis of PAS was made up of 100 (91.74%) and intraoperative diagnosis of 9 (08. 26%) patients. According to the mode of anesthesia, 100 (91.74%) patients received GA, and 09 (08.26%) patients received spinal anesthesia. In 06 (05.49%) patients, spinal was converted to GA. Perioperative CPR was done in 05 (04.58%) cases. Out of 109 cases, 83 survived uneventfully, and 21 developed complications. 05 patients expired in the following days. (01 immediately postoperative period, 02 in 1st 24 hours and 02 in 1st 48 hours. Conclusion The rate of placenta accreta increased in conjunction with cesarean deliveries; the most important risk factors were previous cesarean delivery, placenta previa, and advanced maternal age and outcomes improved in a multidisciplinary team intervention

Comparison of Ondansetron & Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Post Spinal Shivering

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Spinal Anaesthesia is a major component of Anaesthetist's tool set and is widely used in Anaesthesia practices. A frequent problem encountered after spinal Anaesthesia is shivering caused by hypothermia. Incidence is 10-40%, if no prophylactic measures are taken, in different studies conducted on this topic. Hypothermia during intraoperative period is caused by different causes like  cold ambient OR temperature, cold IV fluids, unhumidified cold inspired gases, body cavity exposure, extremes of age and prolonged procedures. Shivering occurs because of vasodilation caused by inhibition of vasoconstriction by spinal Anaesthesia and altered perception from anaesthetized dermatomes. Shivering has an array of adverse effects including increased workload for cardiopulmonary system , poorly tolerated by patients at extremes of age. A number of drugs have been studied for shivering. Objective: To compare efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and ondansetron for prevention of shivering under spinal Anaesthesia Setting: AFIU  Study design: Randomized quasi experimental study  Study duration: 03 months  Materials and Methods:  The selected patients were randomly allocated to any of the two groups  with 50 patients each, according to computer generated random numbers. Both groups recieved study drugs after spinal Anaesthesia. Ondansetron group, 0.1mg/kg (groupO) and Dexmedetomidine group 0.1mcg/kg (group D). Patients were scored for shivering at scheduled intervals and rescue doses of Pethidine were given for severe shivering not responding to study drugs. Results:  Our study in group O had high mean shivering scores at scheduled intervals as compared to group D  Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine provides better control of shivering than Ondansetron               &nbsp

On the Soliton Solutions for the Stochastic Konno–Oono System in Magnetic Field with the Presence of Noise

In this study, we consider the stochastic Konno–Oono system to investigate the soliton solutions under the multiplicative sense. The multiplicative noise is considered firstly in the Stratonovich sense and secondly in the Itoˆ sense. Applications of the Konno–Oono system include current-fed strings interacting with an external magnetic field. The F-expansion method is used to find the different types of soliton solutions in the form of dark, singular, complex dark, combo, solitary, periodic, mixed periodic, and rational functions. These solutions are applicable in the magnetic field when we study it at the micro level. Additionally, the absolute, real, and imaginary physical representations in three dimensions and the corresponding contour plots of some solutions are drawn in the sense of noise by the different choices of parameters.This research was funded by Basque Government through Grants IT1555-22 and KK-2022/00090; and (MCIN/AEI 269.10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE) for Grants PID2021-1235430B-C21 and PID2021-1235430B-C22

TOPSIS method based on q-rung orthopair picture fuzzy soft environment and its application in the context of green supply chain management

Green supplier selection has been an important technique for environmental sustainability and reducing the harm of ecosystems. In the current climate, green supply chain management (GSCM) is imperative for maintaining environmental compliance and commercial growth. To handle the change related to environmental concern and how the company manages and operates, they are integrated the GSCM into traditional supplier selection process. The main aims of this study were to outline both traditional and environmental criteria for selecting suppliers, providing a comprehensive framework to assist decision-maker in prioritizing green supplier effectively. In order to address issue to simulate decision-making problems and manage inaccurate data. A useful technique of fuzzy set was proposed to handle uncertainty in various real-life problems, but all types of data could not be handled such as incomplete and indeterminate. However, several extensions of fuzzy set were considered, such as intuitionistic fuzzy set, Pythagorean fuzzy set, q-rung orthopair fuzzy set, and q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set considering membership and nonmember ship grade to handle the uncertainty problem. However, there was a lack of information about the neutral degree and parameterization axioms lifted by existing approaches, so to fill this gap and overcome the difficulties Ali et al. proposed a generalized structure by combining the structure of picture fuzzy set and q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set, known as q-rung orthopair picture fuzzy soft sets, characterized by positive, neutral and negative membership degree with parameterization tools and aggregation operator to solve the multi criteria group decision-making problem. Additionally, the TOPSIS method is a widely utilized to assist individuals and organizations in selecting the most appropriate option from a range of choices, taking into account various criteria. Finally, we demonstrate an illustrative example related to GSCM to enhance competitiveness, based on criteria both in general and with a focus on environmental consideration, accompanied by an algorithm and flow chart

A Subjective Study on the Effects of Dynamic Virtual Chemistry Laboratory in a Secondary School Education

Virtual chemistry laboratories (VCLs) are the alternative solutions of the physical laboratories, where students can virtually conduct their experiments with a lower cost, and in an efficient and safer way. Considering the importance of technology-enhanced learning and that of the experimental study, several VCLs have been proposed. However, the existing VCLs are static and only provide the simulation of pre-defined experiments, procedures, or safety procedures and cannot be adapted according to the students’ level or new experimental tasks. In this paper, we proposed a dynamic virtual chemistry lab (DVCL) where instructors or experts are allowed to add a new chemical experiment by adding its apparatus, chemicals, glassware, and mechanism or add something new to its properties. We conducted a subjective study with field experts to investigate the effect of proposed DVCL in secondary school chemistry education. During evaluation, twenty-seven field experts were participated and evaluated the proposed DVCL with system usability scale (SUS)-questionnaire and by a simple questionnaire. The results showed that the proposed DVCL is very helpful for students’ performance and mental modeling and also for effortlessly uplifting their knowledge for hands-on experiments