An Ensemble Study of the Sea Level Rise Impact on Storm Surge and Inundation in the Coastal Bangladesh

The hydrodynamic model Delft3D is used to study the impact of Sea Level Rise (SLR) on storm surge and inundation in the coastal region of Bangladesh. To study the present-day inundation scenario, track of two known tropical cyclones (TC) were used: Aila (Category 1; 2009) and Sidr (Category 5; 2007). Model results were validated with the available observations. Future inundation scenarios were generated by using the strength of TC Sidr, TC Aila and an ensemble of historical TC tracks but incorporating the effect of SLR. Since future change in storm surge inundation under SLR impact is a probabilistic incident, that’s why a probable range of future change in inundated area was calculated by taking in to consideration the uncertainties associated with TC tracks, intensities and landfall timing. Along with that, role of topographic slope was investigated to see how they could alter the impact of SLR on storm surge and inundation. The model outputs showed that, the inundated area for TC Sidr, which was calculated as 1860 km2, would become 31% higher than the present-day scenario if a SLR of 0.26 meter occurs during the mid-21st century climate scenario. Similar to that, an increasing trend was found for the end of the 21st century climate scenario. It was found that with a SLR of 0.54 meter, the inundated area would become 53% higher than the present-day case. Along with the inundation area, the impact of SLR was examined for the changes in future storm surge level. A significant increase of 21% was found in storm surge level for the case of TC Sidr in Barisal station if a Sea Level Rise of 0.26 meter occurs at the middle of the 21st century. Similar to that, an increase of 37% was found in storm surge level with a SLR of 0.54 meter in this location for the end of the 21st century climate scenario. Ensemble projections based on uncertainties of future TC events also showed that, for a change of 0.54 meters in SLR, the inundated area would range between 3500-3750 km2 whereas for present day SLR simulations it was found within the range of 1000-1250 km2. Outputs from the topographic slope-storm surge inundation experiments showed that, even coastal areas with a steep topographic slope, inundated area would increase greatly due to the impact of SLR. These results revealed that even if the future TCs remain at the same strength as at present, the projected changes in SLR will generate more severe threats in terms of surge height and extent of inundated area

Seven faces of a fatwa: organ transplantation and Islam

A new fatwa was announced by the British National Health Service (NHS) in June 2019 to clarify the Islamic position on organ donation. Additionally, the NHS promotional material presents brief arguments for and against organ donation in Islam. However, to date, research into the various fatwas on organ donation is required. This article goes beyond the dichotomous positions mentioned by the NHS and goes on to explore and summarise seven conflicting views on the issue extrapolated from an exhaustive reading of fatwas and research papers in various languages since 1925. Our discussion is circumscribed to allotransplant and confined to the gifting of organs to legally competent adult donors at the time of consent. These arguments include an analysis of the semantic portrayal of ownership in the Qur’an; considering the net benefit over the gross harm involved in organ donation; balancing the rights of the human body with the application of the rule of necessity; understanding the difference between anthropophagy and organ transplantation; understanding of death, and the conceptualisation of the soul. We argue that, given the absence of clear-cut direction from Muslim scripture, all seven positions are Islamic positions and people are at liberty to adopt any one position without theological guilt or moral culpability

Legal Status of Accident Investigation Results of Space Activities in The Process of Enforcement of Space Law Enforcement in Indonesia: Between Procedural Justice and Substance Justice

Investigation findings and information obtained as a consequence of investigations cannot be treated as state secrets or utilized as evidence in court. This principle, which is followed by international aviation law, has generated controversy in Indonesian law enforcement practices, particularly when it comes to criminal and civil procedural laws, which acknowledge that the findings of investigations can serve as a foundation for further inquiries to identify suspects. The study’s findings revealed that, first, the ad hoc team’s philosophical investigation of space accidents within the framework of international law aims to determine the causes of spacecraft accidents to ensure that they don’t happen again in the future within the context of the main legal goal of benefit and justice for more people (the most people with the most happiness possible). While compensation claims are based on liability and without error (strict liability), police investigations as described in Articles 95 through 100 are intended to find criminal acts in space activities. There is no functional relationship between the two processes, so the findings of police or special team investigations cannot be used as the basis for carrying out legal actions. Given the obvious differences between the team’s investigation and the police’s investigation, there must be coordination between the technical team of the ministry and the police regarding the responsibilities and functions of these two institutions, each of which has a unique position and set of legal obligations. With this knowledge, it is believed that there won’t be any criminal prosecutions brought against the crews of spacecraft, similar to those brought against pilots in situations involving aviation accidents

Granger-causal relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock prices: evidence from South Africa

This paper investigates the Granger-causal relationship between the South African stock index and selected macroeconomic variables using the standard time series techniques. The tests of cointegraion, long run structural modeling (LRSM), VECM and VDC tend to indicate that industrial production is the most leading determinant of stock market prices. This suggests that the South Africa stock market is very sensitive to the industrial production of the country. Money supply, Inflation, exchange rates are the other determinants of stock index of South Africa but to a lesser extent compared to the industrial production. The findings have implications for the policy makers in the sense that any changes in the macroeconomic policy should take into consideration the impact of such changes on the most important institution in the country which is stock market

Granger-causal relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock prices: evidence from South Africa

This paper investigates the Granger-causal relationship between the South African stock index and selected macroeconomic variables using the standard time series techniques. The tests of cointegraion, long run structural modeling (LRSM), VECM and VDC tend to indicate that industrial production is the most leading determinant of stock market prices. This suggests that the South Africa stock market is very sensitive to the industrial production of the country. Money supply, Inflation, exchange rates are the other determinants of stock index of South Africa but to a lesser extent compared to the industrial production. The findings have implications for the policy makers in the sense that any changes in the macroeconomic policy should take into consideration the impact of such changes on the most important institution in the country which is stock market

Analysis of Body Posture, Punching Speed And Kicks of Athletes of The Provincial PPLP Aceh, Indonesia

The Aceh Youth and Sports Service is one of the official containers in recruiting and fostering junior and senior high school-level youth athletes in Aceh every year. With this activity, it is hoped that in PPLPD coaching, the coaches, especially in the sport of combat degree, can find new athletes who will be fostered and guided according to their abilities and talents so that these athletes can achieve optimal performance. This study uses a quantitative approach. The findings are obtained through statistical procedures and other numerical calculations. This study's population comprised seven athletes from PPLPD Aceh who PPLPD coached. The instruments used to collect this research data are body pressure tests, double punches, and inner circle kicks.Based on the research results, conclusions can be drawn as follows: 1) with the test results, PPLPD athletes assisted by the Aceh Provincial must train harder and be disciplined again by following the physical condition training program delivered by sports experts; 2) the speed of Aceh PPLPD athletes' punches and kicks can exceed West Java PPLP athletes, the results of this study can be used as a guideline for other researchers in relatively similar situations or contexts in different fields to improve coach performance.The suggestions that can be given are as follows: 1) The technological system needs to be improved further to improve the quality of athletes in the future, and the long term; 2) coaches are expected to provide direction and constructive criticism to their athletes. Coaches can also explain mistakes and shortcomings in detail during training and matches

The Meeting Point of Neo-Sufism and School Counselors Competencies

Abstract: Neo-sufism is the recent Sufi movement that actively develops society. Historically, sufism has brought forth arif billâh individuals who have great faith and devotion to Allah, excellent pedagogical competence, as well as social and professional skills. This study aims to construct the meeting point between neo-sufism character and school counselor competence. It was carried out using a qualitative approach with the Hermeneutic analysis from Paul Ricoeur. The data was obtained from documents and interviews. The results reveal the meeting point between neo-sufism character and four counselors competencies. Makrifatullah (depth comprehension of God) character is linear with pedagogical and personality competence. Prioritizing other people (itsar) and noble (futuwwah) character are in line with social competence; meanwhile, creative-productive (intajiyyah) character is in accordance with professional competence. Therefore, neo-sufism character transforms counselors’ competencies to be more significant and meaningful.Abstrak: Neo-sufisme adalah sebuah gerakan sufi baru yang aktif membangun masyarakat. Dalam sejarahnya, sufisme telah melahirkan pribadi arif billâh, yang arif-bijaksana karena Allah, yang atas nama Allah mampu sebagai penyembuh. Sementara itu, salah satu kompetensi kepribadian konselor adalah beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan, di samping kompetensi pedagogik, sosial dan profesional. Tujuan artikel ini adalah mengkonstruksi titik-temu karakter neo-sufisme dengan kompetensi konselor sekolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, melalui penggunaan analisis hermeneutika dari Paul Ricouer. Data dikumpulkan dari dokumen dan wawancara kasus. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat titik-temu karakter neo-sufisme dengan empat kompetensi konselor. Karakter makrifatullah bertemu dengan kompetensi pedagogik, dan kompetensi kepribadian. Sementara itu, karakter sangat mementingkan orang lain (itsar) dan karakter kesatria (futuwwah) bertemu dengan kompetensi sosial, karakter kreatif-produktif (intajiyyah) bertemu dengan kompetensi profesional. Dengan karakter neo-sufisme, kompetensi konselor akan menjadi lebih baik dan lebih bermakna

Interrogating the Adoption of Quality Assurance Parameters in the Management of Private Basic Schools in Six Local Government Areas, Kano

This paper interrogates the adoption of quality assurance in private basic schools in Kano state. To achieve this task, six (6) local government areas, selected from the three (3) senatorial zones of Kano Central, Kano North and Kano South were used. On completion of the fieldwork which lasted from June to September, four (4) months, through the survey design approach, data was analysed by the use of descriptive statistical analysis. In this case percentage score was considered appropriate because the responses were structured following a strongly agree, agree, disagree and strongly disagree considered version of Likerts Scale. The findings from fieldwork showed that first there was a uneven distribution of private schools across the three Senatorial zones as Gwale has the highest number of 118 (44.02%), Fagge 97 (36.19%), Gezawa 22 (8.20%), Dawaki 14(5.22%), Wudil 4(1.49%) and Rogo 13 (4.85%). The differential was accounted for by population growth and immigrants settlement. Secondly, most private actors in the education sector were drawn into the industry with the urge to maximize returns on investment. It also showed that the environment under which most of they operates are not conducive for teaching and learning. The research also found out that supervision of these private schools are not adequate as emphasis was on collecting all manner of levies and gratification. The paper recommended that a data bank for all the private schools operating in Nigeria which this present research initiated should be done in other parts of the federation. Also multiple supervisory agencies should be trimmed to one for improved efficiency with offices established in all the local government areas. Extant laws on quality standard should not be compromised henceforth and schools found wanting must be closed down permanently. The paper also recommended that the Ministry of Education and a taskforce should clamp down on private schools established very close to Hotels and brothels. This would help to vestor sanity in the education system. Finally, government should intervene in the area of instructional materials to these schools and control the fees they should collect. On the balance sheet, the paper concludes without reservation that private basic schools in Kano have abandoned their complimentary function of providing quality education to the Nigerian children. Keywords: Interrogating, Adoption, Quality Assurance, Parameters, Management. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-3-1

ORGAN-ised rejection: An Islamic perspective on the dead donor rule in the UK- Revisited

Organ transplantation technology throws up deep theological, moral, cultural, and ethical questions. The discussion blurs the boundaries between life and death, and for Muslims, between halal and haram. It frustrates religious sensibilities, entangles bodies, and complicates the very identity of organ transplant patients. A recipient of a heart transplant could not get himself to say to his wife, ‘I love you with all my heart!’ as the cocktail of immunosuppressant medicine was a continuous reminder of the presence of an alien flesh in him which his body is fighting tooth and nail to reject. The alternative expression, ‘I love you with all my liver!’ elicited a repulsive look from his wife, not the response he was looking for (Wright 2020, p. 49). At rock bottom, organ transplantation questions the very meaning of what it means to be a human being. Is it an enslaved body, where the biological and metaphysical are entangled and enmeshed in to one person; or is it an embodied organism, a conglomeration of disparate body parts like that of spare car parts