Resilience of the Genus Agaricus to Climatic Variability in and around Ayubia National Park, Pakistan

The environment is being altered very quickly with the passage of time. No doubt human activities have a main role in the enhancement of certain environmental issues and these problems are affecting the natural biomes and the ecosystem world over. The biodiversity has to face these cascading problems and have to compete for their natural habitat. These environmental threats have pushed unique biodiversity at the edge of the extinction. The present study was focused to examine these issues for the members of genus Agaricus

A Three Tiered Evaluation Framework for Effective Writing Instruction in English for Academic Purposes Course

Academic writing is becoming a matter of concern for the developing countries where English serves as a second or foreign language because of the significant role it plays in the academic as well as professional life of an individual. Excellence in academic writing and communication is among the top ranked expectations from graduates of all disciplines, Pakistani Higher education Commission has listed Technical and Academic communication as second significant competence (2017). Therefore, there is a dire need of a writing instruction framework that could inculcate communicative competence among Pakistani graduates. A framework that will suppress all challenges and ensure success. The consciously chosen methodology meant to determine the effectiveness of 3-Tiered Evaluation Framework in enhancing students’ engagement in writing classes; ensuring their academic success. The study established that the 3-tiered evaluation framework assisted teachers and language learners alike in dealing with language related problems including; large class size, writing in second/foreign language, absence of corrective feedback, students’ passivity and high dependence on easily available notes. The 3-TEF ensured active involvement of students in writing tasks facilitated through collaboration and systematic critical reflection, which ultimately improved students’ writing engagement and achievements. Besides, interpersonal skills, negotiation, critical thinking, autonomous learning, team work, collaboration, and confidence development, surfaced as by-products of the 3-TEF

Mimetic Representation of Female Characters in ‘Their Language of Love’ by Bapsi Sidhwa

Females always have been the topic of discussion under different aspects discussed in literature. From some last decades there have been some debatable titles in writing especially postcolonial literature. There are many female writers in this period of postcolonial. In Pakistan, the persons who have a name on the conversation of feminism; Bapsi Sidwa is a good name in them. Feminism is a broad topic to mentioning but it would be interested when telling about particular comparative analysis with the male author representing the society. It is very perceptible when the relation between them is like a master-slave relationship as Hegel believes, or having a balance between them. It depends upon many factors like the cultural effect of the society. Pakistani society has a patriarchal building block in it so its criteria of debate and the way the others take it, are different. This study helps to enhance the space for a female in a society described by Bapsi Sidwa.  Life depends on the thought of society and it varies the representative style of the authors. Key Words: Feminism, Societal effect, Relationships, Memetic representation DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/66-10 Publication date:March 31st 202

Presentation And Diagnosis: Pregnancy Induce Diabetes And Hypertension In Medical Doctors At Hospital And Clinics

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess pregnancy induce diabetes and hypertension in medical doctors. METHODOLOGY This case-control study was conducted after approval by the ethics committee. A total of 72 physicians who were pregnant and diagnosed with pregnancies causing hypertension or diabetes participated in the study. Daily details of hourly blood glucose levels were recorded at the beginning and end of the day. Use SPSS version 24.0 to analyze the results. RESULTS Out of the 33 patients, 23 remained hypertensive at the end of the day, while 10 had normal hypertension at the beginning of the day. Hypotension appeared from the 39th day of which 24 of her ended high, 15 were normal and 10 were diet controlled. The maximum number of pregnancies was 40 in high-care controls and 32 in low-care controls. Out of 30(16) had high FBS at the beginning of the day and 17 of the 42 who had the highest at the end of the day had low FBS. The highest score of 17(42) was presented at the beginning of the day with low FBS and 17 at end of the day with a high ratio and high count of 42.   CONCLUSION   Health care is important for all patients, whether they are health workers or not. Daily Record helps patients and providers understand patient disease management and take appropriate action.

The Impact of Social Media on The Success of Crowdfunding in Developing Countries

The use of online communities to garner monetary support for charitable organisations, cultural endeavours, innovative products, and business ideas is quickly becoming more widespread. However, empirical research on the main dynamics of crowdfunding is limited. To increase the number of funds for crowdfunding campaigns, it is crucial to promote and publicise them on social media platforms. This study investigates the impact of communication and connectivity on crowdfunding success. Despite the recent study that has been conducted on crowdfunding, there is still a knowledge vacuum on the aspects that contribute to the success of crowdfunding models. The research framework that was built as part of this study offers an in-depth analysis of the donation-based crowdfunding model as well as the aspects that contribute to its success. This study also provides guidance for fundraisers and policymakers to consider success factors when creating their funding comparing

Relationship Between Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels and Dengue Severity

To determine relationship betweenthe levels of serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)onadmission and prognosis of dengue fever.Methods: Patients (n=62) admitted with thediagnosis of dengue fever were included. Onadmission, serum LDH levels were measured in allpatients and to find relationship we monitored allpatients upto discharge. Monitoring was done forvitals, different blood parameters and duration ofhospitalization.Results: Forty one (66.1%) were males and 33.9%(n=21) were females with mean age31.73±13years.During hospital stay, 61.3% patientshad Dengue fever (DF)while 39.7% patientsdeveloped dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).LDHlevels were higher in patients with DHF(mean618.38U/L±219)as compared to the patients withdengue fever (mean 316.45U/L±104).Mann WhitneyU test showed the difference was statisticallysignificant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Patients with early increase in serumLDH showed more complications as compared tolow serum LDH level. High LDH can be used topredict outcome in dengue patients

The role of integrated offline/online social activity and social identification in Facebook citizenship behaviour formation

Purpose<: Drawing on social identity theory and prosocial behaviour research, this study explores how people's integration of their offline and online social activities through Facebook cultivates their Facebook citizenship behaviour (FCB). It also offers further insight into the underlying mechanism of offline and online social activity integration - FCB relation by investigating people's social identification with their offline and online social groups as possible mediators. Design/methodology/approach: Based on social identity theory (SIT) literature, community citizenship behaviour and offline-online social activity integration through Facebook, we developed a conceptual model, which was empirically tested using data from 308 Facebook users Findings: The results confirm that the participants' offline-online social activity integration via Facebook is positively linked to their FCB. Further, the integration of offline and online social activity through Facebook positively affects how a person identifies with their offline and online social groups, which in turn causes them to display FCB. In addition, offline/online social identification mediates the integration – FCB relation. Practical implications: In practice, it is interesting to see people's tendency towards altruistic behaviours within groups they like to associate themselves with. Those who share their Facebook network with their offline friends can use such network to seek help and support. Originality/value: From a theoretical perspective, unlike past research, this study examines how individuals' offline-online social activity integration via Facebook helps them associate with groups. In addition, this study investigates social identification from an offline and online perspective

Green heterogeneous small-cell networks: toward reducing the CO2 emissions of mobile communications industry using uplink power adaptation

Heterogeneous small cell networks, or Het- SNets, are considered as a standard part of future mobile networks in which multiple lowpower low-cost user deployed base stations complement the existing macrocell infrastructure. This article proposes an energy-efficient deployment of the cells where the small cell base stations are arranged around the edge of the reference macrocell, and the deployment is referred to as cell-on-edge (COE) deployment. The proposed deployment ensures an increase in the network spectral and energy efficiency by facilitating cell edge mobile users with small cells. Moreover, COE deployment guarantees reduction of the carbon footprint of mobile operations by employing adaptive uplink power control. In order to calibrate the reduction in CO2 emissions, this article quantifies the ecological and associated economical impacts of energy savings in the proposed deployment. Simulation results quantify the improvements in CO2 emissions and spectral and energy gains of the proposed COE deployment compared to macro-only networks and typical small cell deployment strategies where small cells are randomly deployed within a given macrocell

IMPACT OF OPTIMISM ON POST-TRAUMATIC GROWTH OF BURN SURVIVORS: ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, GENDER AND SEVERITY OF BURN INJURY

OBJECTIVES: To examine the mediating role of emotional intelligence (EI) between optimism and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among burn survivors and to see the interaction effects of gender and nature of injury on optimism, emotional intelligence and PTG. METHODS: This descriptive correlational study was conducted from 2nd January-30th April 2022, at in-patient department of burn centers of three public hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Out of 250 survivors of moderate and severe burns, selected through purposive sampling strategy, 229 completed the survey via face to face or call contacts. Participants filled out three structured questionnaires along consent form. Later, collected data was analyzed through PROCESS macro v3.5 and SPSS V23.0. RESULTS: Out of 229 patients 139 (60.7%) were males and 90 (39.3%) were females. Mean age was 32.4±3.1 years. Optimism had a direct effect on emotional intelligence, emotions perception, emotions utilization, managing self-relevant emotions, managing other’s emotions, and PTG, p<.0001. EI and all its subscales predicted PTG, the overall model explained 36% of variance in dependent variable, significant at R=.60, F (3,226) =151.30, p<.0001. Indirect effects of EI and subscales were found between optimism and PTG. Further, interaction effects of gender and nature of injury were seen for optimism, EI and PTG. CONCLUSION: Optimistic approaches and stimulating emotional expressions, managing self-relevant emotions, and utilization of positive emotions might help burn survivors in adapting to their trauma in the longer term. Further, both men and women reported post traumatic growth but severity of injury was affecting PTG in men and women equally