Gratification in The Perspective of The Positive Law in Indonesia

A set of rules about gratification is a novelty within society and is perceived to collide with the cultural of giving in the Islamic society in Indonesia. This study is aimed to explore the meaning of gratification from the positive perspective of law in Indonesia, and the boundaries of gratification, which is interdicted by the laws. This study used the nor- mative method which analyzes the positive law in Indonesia regulating the gratification. The result of this study shows that gratification in the positive law perspective has a wide meaning including each tribute for civil employee or governance. According to Indonesia laws, gratification could be either positive or negative. Gratification which is allowed by the laws is a gift with a pure tension of the giver to the civil employee or governance without expecting to achieve anything. In contrary, grati- fication which is not allowed by the laws is a gift for the civil employee or governance because of the position in that employment and unrelated with the duty or order

Gratification In The Perspective Of The Positive Law In Indonesia

A set of rules about gratification is a novelty within society and is perceived to collide with the cultural of giving in the Islamic society in Indonesia. This study is aimed to explore the meaning of gratification from the positive perspective of law in Indonesia, and the boundaries of gratification, which is interdicted by the laws. This study used the nor- mative method which analyzes the positive law in Indonesia regulating the gratification. The result of this study shows that gratification in the positive law perspective has a wide meaning including each tribute for civil employee or governance. According to Indonesia laws, gratification could be either positive or negative. Gratification which is allowed by the laws is a gift with a pure tension of the giver to the civil employee or governance without expecting to achieve anything. In contrary, grati- fication which is not allowed by the laws is a gift for the civil employee or governance because of the position in that employment and unrelated with the duty or order.

Analyzing the Linguistic Components of Pakistani English: An Indigenized Legitimate English Variety

This study tries to present a local variety of English that is used in Pakistan and is known as Pakistani English or ‘Pinglish’. It is recognized an official language in Pakistan. The paper briefly highlights its history; sources of its emergence, its various altered forms, underlying socio-cultural and religious effects that have an influence. It is to analyze the indigenized peculiarities by observing different phonetic components, sentence structure, morphology, lexis and phonology. Previous contributions on the advancement of this variety have acknowledged its legitimacy to a great extent. The study presents an influence of first language onto the pronunciation of the second language. In short, it examines that Urdu nouns and other group of vocabulary items within Pakistani variety of English are utilized intentionally and with determination, where its speakers have their own Urdu words present as substitutes

Trend mapping of students' thesis in English Education Study Program of IAIN Palangka Raya

This research aims to map out the trend of students’ thesis in English Education Study Program of State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya from 2012 to 2016. This research belongs to qualitative approach and the design is case study research as the objective of this study is to identify, analyze, and map the thesis trend among the students of English Education Study Program of IAIN Palangka Raya. To make this research focus, writers limit the research only in mapping out the subject of the study, the topic/theme of the study, and the method of the study. The findings show that from 317 theses, junior high school students are the most targeted subject where there are 104 theses conducted on them. Meanwhile, writing is the most explored topic/theme as 88 theses are administered toward it. Lastly, there are 139 of theses by the students of English Education Study Program of IAIN Palangka Raya from 2012 to 2016 that apply experiment method which makes it becomes the most used method

Elements of myth in the modern theatre, with special reference to current theatre in Oman

This study focuses on the relationship between myth in its classical and modern definition and the theatre, and how the developing Omani theatre can Benefit from western and Arabian experiences in this field. The study shows how myths, around the world, were the first attempt by human beings to think, explain, justify and produce concepts and images. They were the basis on which the first drama was established, and have continued to be a major source of inspiration. The study then explores various modern explanations of myth from the mid nineteenth century, in which myths were classified into various categories and attempts made to study each in isolation. It then illustrates how myths were subsequently studied by anthropologists and psychologists, as manifestations of the individual or collective conscious or unconscious realm, which confirms that myths, despite their outwardly illogical element, carry not fact itself but the essence of the fact. The author clarifies the definition and concept of myth in Islamic and Arabic culture, the meaning of the word in the Holy Quran and the attitude of Islamic and Arab scholars towards it. Consideration is also given to the explanations by modern Arab scholars for the ancient Arabs' lack of concern with myths, in contrast to the cultures of their neighbours.The study sheds light on how the modem mythological, sociological, anthropological, theological and psychological explanations of myth are employed in contemporary theatre and how they have influenced performance and critical theories such as those of Artaud and Archetypal Criticism. It is noted that such theories played an essential role in a number of modern theatrical movements, and consequently concluded that those theories might usefully be applied in developing countries like Oman. Particular attention is given to the theatre in Oman, asserting the importance of its interaction with international theatre at both theoretical and practical levels, especially with those countries, which have strong theatrical traditions. Nevertheless, alongside this is emphasised the importance of employing indigenous sources of heritage and knowledge, such as myths.The study elucidates the role of myths in Oman's culture, in light of historical and geographical factors. It describes how mythology became an integral part of people's lives as a way of thinking about, imagining and explaining different events or phenomena in their lives.It is concluded that theatre should be aware of this fact, and deal with it. This does not mean uncritically accepting superstitions and regressive thinking, which could be harmful, but saving the popular heritage and employing it in such a way that people recognize its advantages and disadvantages, as modern mythological studies suggest, in order to build a close relationship between the theatre and its audience, and to provide the society with new and wider intellectual and aesthetic understanding of their existing myths, for the Benefit of both theatre and society

Scientific Transformation of Islamic Boarding Schools through Role of Alums the Islamic Education Study Program

This study aims to reveal the existence and role of alums of the Islamic Religious Education study program in carrying out scientific transformations in Islamic boarding schools. The research location is the As-Salman Allakuang Darud Da'wah wal Ershad (DDI) Islamic boarding school, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This study uses a qualitative research approach with a case study type. Data collection techniques used participant observation, semi-structured interviews, focusing on crucial informants, namely alums of the Islamic Religious Education study program who had served since 2016 at the DDI As-Salman Allakuang Islamic boarding school, as well as documentation studies. The data analysis technique used the interactive analysis technique of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. Testing the validity of the data is done by going through the credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability tests. The results showed that alums of the Islamic Religious Education study program from the Parepare State Islamic Institute played an essential role in the scientific transformation of the DDI As-Salman Allakuang Islamic boarding school since 2016. Their role is seen in four ways: 1) Maximizing the functions and duties as educators by carrying out the mandate, 2) Equipping students with millennial-era skills through structured activities, 3) Strengthening self-potential and sensitivity to contemporary realities for students, and 4) Intensifying the internalization of values and ethics by carrying out recitation, coaching, and cadre training to strengthen the basis of morality Students. The value of these findings underscores the importance of alums, the relevance of education to the needs of the times, social responsibility as educators, and strengthening identity and self-potential in the context of Islamic religious education in Islamic boarding schools

Trainable Noise Model as an XAI evaluation method: application on Sobol for remote sensing image segmentation

eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as an essential requirement when dealing with mission-critical applications, ensuring transparency and interpretability of the employed black box AI models. The significance of XAI spans various domains, from healthcare to finance, where understanding the decision-making process of deep learning algorithms is essential. Most AI-based computer vision models are often black boxes; hence, providing explainability of deep neural networks in image processing is crucial for their wide adoption and deployment in medical image analysis, autonomous driving, and remote sensing applications. Recently, several XAI methods for image classification tasks have been introduced. On the contrary, image segmentation has received comparatively less attention in the context of explainability, although it is a fundamental task in computer vision applications, especially in remote sensing. Only some research proposes gradient-based XAI algorithms for image segmentation. This paper adapts the recent gradient-free Sobol XAI method for semantic segmentation. To measure the performance of the Sobol method for segmentation, we propose a quantitative XAI evaluation method based on a learnable noise model. The main objective of this model is to induce noise on the explanation maps, where higher induced noise signifies low accuracy and vice versa. A benchmark analysis is conducted to evaluate and compare performance of three XAI methods, including Seg-Grad-CAM, Seg-Grad-CAM++ and Seg-Sobol using the proposed noise-based evaluation technique. This constitutes the first attempt to run and evaluate XAI methods using high-resolution satellite images