Molekularna diferencijacija izolata bolesti kvrgave kože na terenu i cjepnih sojeva virusa Capripox u Egiptu 2018.

Lumpy skin disease virus is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, which affects cattle and causes a notifiable disease with significant economic losses. It is controlled by vaccination with capripox live attenuated vaccines. The aim of the study was the isolation and identification of the lumpy skin virus field virus strain during 2018. Nodular skin lesions were collected from clinically infected lumpy skin disease cattle that were used for the virus isolation on the chorioallantoic membrane of specific pathogen free embryonated chicken eggs and Madin Darby Bovine Kidney tissue culture. Polymerase chain reaction targeting the Capripoxvirus CaPV ORF103 gene was applied on the isolated virus and three Capripoxvirus vaccinal strains (Kenyan sheep pox virus, Held goat pox virus and Ismailia lumpy skin disease virus). The amplicons of the four strains of Capripoxvirus (one isolated and three vaccinal strains) were used for sequencing. Reference capripox viruses were obtained from GenBank to create the phylogenetic tree. The virus isolated from the collected nodular skin samples on chicken eggs showed clear typical pock lesions on the chorioallantoic membrane and on tissue cultures and showed a characteristic cytopathic effect. Positive samples of the isolated strain were identified by PCR for the CaPV ORF103 gene that yielded expected amplicon sizes of 570 bp. This was confirmed through gene sequence and analysed by BLAST, and submitted to GenBank under accession number MW 546997_LSD_Aziz_LSD. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the field isolate strain of LSDV had different identity percentages ranging from 98.2–99.8% with the tested vaccinal Capripoxvirus strains in Egypt. The amino acid sequence showed only different amino acid found in the field isolate strain and not in other tested vaccinal strains, and a maximum homology (100%) of the isolated strain nucleotide sequence was with two GenBank recorded strains. We recommend maintaining the routine lumpy skin disease vaccination programme in Egypt, frequent eradication of the insect population, and further genetic studies on the genomes of this virus strain and the Capripoxvirus vaccinal strains to reach the most related and homologous vaccinal strain given the massive genome of this disease.Virus bolesti kvrgave kože pripada rodu Capripox virusa porodice Poxviridae, koji pogađa stoku i uzrokuje bolest sa značajnim ekonomskih gubitcima, a koja se kontrolira cijepljenjem živim oslabljenim capripox cjepivima. Cilj studije bio je izolirati i identificirati soj virusa BKK na terenu tijekom 2018. godine. Prikupljene kvrge na koži u stoke klinički inficirane bolešću kvrgave kože (BKK) rabljene su za izoliranje virusa na korioalantoičnoj membrani (CAM) embrioniranog kokošjeg jaja (ECE) bez specifičnog patogena (SPF) i staničnoj kulturi bubrega goveda Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK stanična linija). Lančane reakcije polimerazom (PCR) usmjerene na ORF103 gen virusa Capripox (CaPV) primijenjene su na izolirani BKK virus i tri cjepna soja virusa Capripox (kenijski virus ovčjih boginja, Held virus kozjih boginja i Ismailia virus bolesti kvrgave kože). PCR amplikoni četiriju sojeva CaPV (jednog izoliranog i tri cjepna soja) rabljeni su za sekvenciranje i dobivanje pristupnog broja u banci gena te ilustriranje filogenetskog stabla u usporedbi s drugim referentnim virusima Capripox dobivenima iz banke gena. BKK virus izoliran iz prikupljenih uzoraka kvrga na koži na embrioniranom kokošjem jaju pokazao je jasne tipične pustula lezije na korioalantoičnoj membrani, a na staničnim kulturama (MDBK stanična linija) pokazao je karakterističan citopatski učinak. Pozitivni uzorci izoliranog soja BKK identificirani su PCR-om za CaPV ORF103 gen koji je dao očekivane veličine amplikona od 570 bp te potvrđeni sekvenciranjem gena uz analizu putem BLAST-a i su dostavljeni banci gena pod pristupnim brojem MW 546997_LSD_Aziz_LSD. Dizajnirano je filogenetsko stablo i otkriveno je da je soj izolata virusa BKK na terenu imao postotke različitog identiteta koji su se kretali od 98,2-99,8 % s testiranim cjepnim sojevima virusa Capripox u Egiptu. Sekvenca aminokiselina pokazala je samo jednu posebnu aminokiselinu koja je pronađena u soju izolata s terena, ali ne u ostalim testiranim cjepnim sojevima. Maksimalna podudarnost (100%) nukleotidne sekvence izoliranog BKK soja bila je s dva soja zabilježena u banci gena (MK342935_LSD-CPD/Menofiya1/18) i (MN792930_LSD/AHRI/_Wadi Elgdid/18). Zaključeno je da je izolirani soj virusa BKK imao velike postotke identiteta (98,2-99,8 %) s testiranim cjepnim sojevima virusa Capripox u Egiptu. Da bi se postigao najpovezaniji i homologni cjepni soj, jer je genom BKK virusa velik preporučujemo nastavak programa rutinskog cijepljenja za BKK u Egiptu, često uništavanje populacije insekata i provedbu dodatnih genetskih studija na genomima soja BKK virusa i cjepnih sojeva virusa Capripox da bi se postigao najpovezaniji i homologni cjepni soj, jer je genom BKK virusa golem

Stability analysis and robust damping of multiresonances in distributed-generation-based islanded microgrids

International audienc

What is the right sequencing approach? Solo VS extended family analysis in consanguineous populations.

Testing strategies is crucial for genetics clinics and testing laboratories. In this study, we tried to compare the hit rate between solo and trio and trio plus testing and between trio and sibship testing. Finally, we studied the impact of extended family analysis, mainly in complex and unsolved cases. Three cohorts were used for this analysis: one cohort to assess the hit rate between solo, trio and trio plus testing, another cohort to examine the impact of the testing strategy of sibship genome vs trio-based analysis, and a third cohort to test the impact of an extended family analysis of up to eight family members to lower the number of candidate variants. The hit rates in solo, trio and trio plus testing were 39, 40, and 41%, respectively. The total number of candidate variants in the sibship testing strategy was 117 variants compared to 59 variants in the trio-based analysis. We noticed that the average number of coding candidate variants in trio-based analysis was 1192 variants and 26,454 noncoding variants, and this number was lowered by 50-75% after adding additional family members, with up to two coding and 66 noncoding homozygous variants only, in families with eight family members. There was no difference in the hit rate between solo and extended family members. Trio-based analysis was a better approach than sibship testing, even in a consanguineous population. Finally, each additional family member helped to narrow down the number of variants by 50-75%. Our findings could help clinicians, researchers and testing laboratories select the most cost-effective and appropriate sequencing approach for their patients. Furthermore, using extended family analysis is a very useful tool for complex cases with novel genes

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Modeling of complex resonances in islanded Microgrids

International audienc

Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Carvone

Carvone is a monoterpene ketone contained in the essential oils of several aromatic and medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families. From aromatic plants, this monoterpene is secreted at different concentrations depending on the species, the parts used, and the extraction methods. Currently, pharmacological investigations showed that carvone exhibits multiple pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antineuraminidase, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. These studies were carried out in vitro and in vivo and involved a great deal of knowledge on the mechanisms of action. Indeed, the antimicrobial effects are related to the action of carvone on the cell membrane and to ultrastructural changes, while the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects involve the action on cellular and molecular targets such as inducing of apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. With its multiple mechanisms, carvone can be considered as natural compounds to develop therapeutic drugs. However, other investigations regarding its precise mechanisms of action as well as its acute and chronic toxicities are needed to validate its applications. Therefore, this review discusses the principal studies investigating the pharmacological properties of carvone, and the mechanism of action underlying some of these properties. Moreover, further investigations of major pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies were also suggested

Natural Bioactive Compounds Targeting Epigenetic Pathways in Cancer: A Review on Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Quinones, and Isothiocyanates

Cancer is one of the most complex and systemic diseases affecting the health of mankind, causing major deaths with a significant increase. This pathology is caused by several risk factors, of which genetic disturbances constitute the major elements, which not only initiate tumor transformation but also epigenetic disturbances which are linked to it and which can induce transcriptional instability. Indeed, the involvement of epigenetic disturbances in cancer has been the subject of correlations today, in addition to the use of drugs that operate specifically on different epigenetic pathways. Natural molecules, especially those isolated from medicinal plants, have shown anticancer effects linked to mechanisms of action. The objective of this review is to explore the anticancer effects of alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones, and isothiocyanates