The impact of big data analytics on the detection of errors and fraud in accounting processes.

This study aims to discuss and investigate the role of big data analytics (BDA) in promoting error detection and preventing fraud in accounting operations. It uses a secondary method of data collection (desk study) to explore the potential impact of BDA in enhancing error and fraud prevention on six key considerations including data quality and integrity; data privacy and security; real-time monitoring and alerts; integration with internal controls; ethical implications; and human experience. The analysis shows that the BDA enhances fraud detection by integrating data from multiple sources, using sophisticated algorithms to identify anomalies. Reduces false positives and improves accuracy. However, human expertise is essential for ethical standards and transparency. It has significant implications for the accounting profession, as it provides an addition in both theoretical knowledge and practical applications, theoretical implications include developing accounting knowledge, developing data-driven models, establishing ethical frameworks, and promoting interdisciplinary insights. On a practical level, it provides guidance for improving financial accuracy, fraud prevention, regulatory compliance, data-driven decision-making, and professional development for accountants. It contributes to bridging the research gap in the aspect related to the analysis of big data and its impact on the quality of accountants' work, as this topic is of high importance to researchers, governments, policymakers, industries, companies, investors, and regulators, bridging the gap between accounting and data analytics. This interdisciplinary approach is critical in understanding the evolving landscape of the impact of big data analytics on financial transparency and accuracy of financial reporting

Evaluation of the causes and cost impact of returned intravenous medications at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Purpose: To evaluate the main reasons for returning intravenous (IV) medications and to determine its cost impact in an in-patient setting in a Saudi tertiary care hospital.Methods: The study was conducted over a one-month period at the central IV room of the in-patient pharmacy unit at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All returned IV medications were evaluated in terms of frequency, causes and cost.Results: The total number of IV medications returned was 2,061 items. The most common reasons for returning IV medications were drug discontinuation (933 items, 45.3 %), dispensing of an extra quantity (396 items, 19.2 %), patient deaths (173 items, 8.4 %), dose changes (171 items, 8.3 %) and drugs being held (150 items, 7.3 %). The total cost of all the returned IV medications was US$26,805.80), which accounts for (13.65$13,877.80) which constitute 51.77 % of returned medication cost.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that IV medication wastage is a serious problem with significant cost impact, with drug discontinuation and dispensing of an extra quantity of medication being the two main reasons for returning IV medications. Effective communication among health care professionals, pharmacist training, and adherence to standard practice guidelines might be the most vital strategies to reduce medication wastage.Keywords: Medication wastage, In-patient, Cost impact, Intravenous medications, Tertiary car

Safety of pregnancy in uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroid is one of the most common intrauterine masses among females at the reproductive age. Pregnancy and uterine fibroids are highly correlated. Pregnancy-related hormones influence the size of uterine fibroids, and fibroids have many impacts on pregnancy. Although most if the uterine fibroids are asymptomatic during pregnancy, serious complications may occur. The main complications include abortion, premature rupture of membranes, premature labor, abruptio placentae, peripartum hemorrhage, fetal malpresentation, fetal intrauterine growth retardation, small for gestational age infants, and fetal anomalies. The main risk factors for complications are related to the fibroid number, size, volume, location, and type. Large, multiple, retroplacental, submucosal, subserosal, pedunculated, or low-lying fibroids carries the highest risk for complications during pregnancy. This review will address the prevalence of uterine fibroids during pregnancy, its effects, and complications

Knowledge and Skills of Hands-only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training among Secondary School Students: An Interventional Study

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)Training program (hands only) on retention of knowledge and skills among secondary school female students in Riyadh city. Methodology: An intervention study was conducted. The sample was recruited by multistage sampling to elaborate the targeted schools for research implementation. The allocated school was in Riyadh city, with 92 Female Secondary School. The capacity of this school was 508 students, and 117 students who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and checklist skills evaluation sheet. Results: In light of the current study findings, the majority of the students were between 17 and 19 years. The present study showed that almost 100% of students were willing to learn CPR; 81.2% and 76.9% of students felt comfortable and confident to perform CPR when needed directly after training and a 4-month follow up, respectively. All students reported that they benefitted from the program. In general, it was found that BLS knowledge was very poor before training while students’ retention of the knowledge and skills ranged from fair to poor after 4-month follow up. Conclusion: Although the current study has only examined female students in secondary schools which limit the generalizability of the result, it provides additional evidence with respect to the Ministry of Education and health care service sector to collaborate and introduce the basic life support program into the school curriculum. National programs are needed by well-equipped nurses for teachers and students in schools regarding basic life support and emergency first aid through the Saudi Ministry of Health in cooperation with nongovernmental societies

Effect of salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus stresses on growth and photosynthetic activity of the marine microalga Dunaliella parva

The growth of the marine green alga Dunaliella parva was studied and optimized under different salinity levels of NaCl (0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, and 3.5 M). The growth was monitored by cell number pigment content (Chl. a, Chl. b, and carotenoids). The grown alga, under the optimal conditions, was exposed to different stresses (nitrogen, phosphorus starvation, and salinity either singly or combined. Under nitrogen and phosphorus starvation, either singly or combined, the growth rate and the metabolic activities were decreased. Under salt stress (2.5 M NaCl) combined with N starvation and heavy metals stress, glycerol production increased, while glycerol synthesis decreased under salt stress of 1 M NaCl and P starvation. Also, free radicals (total antioxidant, reducing power, DPPH, and Lipid peroxidation), pigment content, and activity of antioxidant enzymes were recorded. D. parva grown under salinity level (2.5 M NaCl) combined with nutrient starvation correlated with more efficient enzymatic antioxidant activity accumulation. This study strongly suggested that the induction of antioxidant defense was one component of the tolerance mechanism of D. parva to salinity, as evidenced by its growth behavior

How Different Preparation Techniques Affect MRI-Induced Anxiety of MRI Patients: A Preliminary Study

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams may cause patients to feel anxious before or during the scan, which affects the scanning outcome and leads to motion artifacts. Adequate preparation can effectively alleviate patients’ anxiety before the scan. We aimed to assess the effect of different preparation methods on MRI-induced anxiety: We conducted a prospective randomized study on MRI patients between March and May 2022. We divided 30 patients into two groups: the control group, which received routine preparation (RP), and the experimental group, which received video preparation (VP).We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to measure anxiety levels before and after the interventions. We assessed patients’ self-satisfaction after the scan: After preparation, VP (STAI mean = 10.7500) and RP (STAI mean = 12.7857), we observed a significant association between the pre- and post-STAI results in VP (p = 0.025). The effects of both methods in decreasing anxiety were more significant for first-timers (p = 0.009 in RP/0.014 in VP). We noted high satisfaction levels for both forms of preparation. The VP technique was superior in reducing patient anxiety, especially in first-time MRI patients. Hence, VP techniques can be used in different clinical settings to reduce anxiety and facilitate patients’ understanding of the instructions given

A biochemical, theoretical and immunohistochemical study comparing the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin and taurine on T-2 toxin induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Introduction: Foodborne trichothecene T-2 Toxin, is a highly toxic metabolite produced by Fusarium species contaminating animal and human food, causing multiple organ failure and health hazards. T-2 toxins induce hepatotoxicity via oxidative stress causing hepatocytes cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. In this study, curcumin and taurine were investigated and compared as antioxidants against T-2-provoked hepatotoxicity.Methods: Wistar rats were administrated T-2 toxin sublethal oral dose (0.1 mg/kg) for 2 months, followed by curcumin (80 mg/kg) and taurine (50 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Biochemical assessment of liver enzymes, lipid profiles, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), AFU, TNF-α, total glutathione, molecular docking, histological and immunohistochemical markers for anti-transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), double-strand DNA damage (H2AX), regeneration (KI67) and apoptosis (Active caspase3) were done.Results and Discussion: Compared to T-2 toxin, curcumin and taurine treatment significantly ameliorated hepatoxicity as; hemoglobin, hematocrit and glutathione, hepatic glycogen, and KI-67 immune-reactive hepatocytes were significantly increased. Although, liver enzymes, inflammation, fibrosis, TGFβ1 immunoexpressing and H2AX and active caspase 3 positive hepatocytes were significantly decreased. Noteworthy, curcumin’s therapeutic effect was superior to taurine by histomorphometry parameters. Furthermore, molecular docking of the structural influence of curcumin and taurine on the DNA sequence showed curcumin’s higher binding affinity than taurine.Conclusion: Both curcumin and taurine ameliorated T-2 induced hepatotoxicity as strong antioxidative agents with more effectiveness for curcumin