Micro loop heat pipe evaporator coherent pore structures

Loop heat pipes seem a promising approach for application in modern technologies where such thermal devices as cooling fans and radiators cannot satisfy overall requirements. Even though a loop heat pipe has a big potential to remove the thermal energy from a high heat flux source, the heat removal performance of heat pipes cannot be predicted well since a first principles of evaporation has not been established. An evaporation model based on statistical rate theory has been recently suggested by Ward and developed for a single pore by Oinuma. A loop heat pipe with coherent pore wick structure has been proposed as a design model. To limit product development risk and to enhance performance assurance, design model features and performance parameters have been carefully reviewed during the concept development phase and have been deliberately selected so as to be well-founded on the limited existing loop heat pipe knowledge base. A first principles evaporation model has been applied for evaporator geometry optimization. A number of iteration calculations have been performed to satisfy design and operating limitations. A set of recommendations for design optimization has been formulated. An optimal model has been found and proposed for manufacture and experimental investigation

New equation for determination of overpressure of fuel-air mixture blast

The problems of assessing the consequences of fuel-air mixtures and their prevention are topical and of practical interest. Such the explosions pose a real danger during processing, transportation and storage of fuels at various industrial and civil facilities. Forecast of possible consequences of explosions of fuel-air mixtures is a key element in development of protective measures. Today, various calculation methods have been developed and approved by different departments and organizations. The authors of the article have previously verified methods of Gosatomnadzor (RB G-05-039-96), Rostechnadzor (RD 03-409-01, PB 09-540-03, Method for assessment of consequences of accidental explosions of fuel-air mixtures, General explosion safety rules for explosive chemicals, petrochemicals and refineries), EMERCOM of Russia (GOST R 12.3.047-98, GOST R 12.3.047-2012, SP 12.13130.2009), Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Dorofeev, Baker-Strehlow and Baker-Strehlow-Tang for prediction of consequences of air-fuel mixture explosions at the example of real explosions. It is established that the detonation regime is best described by the Dorofeev's method and multi-energy method of Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (ME-TNO) for deflagration regime. Thus, it is promising to create a synthesis method that could combine approaches of the methods. Detonation mode was picked out using the ME-TNO method and replaced by Dorofeev's method. Such a technique allowed proposing a new equation for predicting explosion pressure of fuel-air mixtures. As a result of the research, a new equation is proposed. An equation allows calculating the overpressure of explosion, which more accurately predicts the consequences of fuel-air explosions at petroleum and gas, petrochemical and chemical industries

Программно-конфигурируемые сети как этап эволюции сетевых технологий

The authors of the article focus on the concept of a software defined network. In the beginning, the brief historical account is given concerning software defined networks as a scientific concept, its formation and technological and scientific meaning. The software defined network concept is treated in the article not as the final state-of-the-art in networking, but rather as a possible step and direction in the development of a networking paradigm. The article touches on pros and cons as well of the software defined networking and gives an account of possible stages of development of this technology in the context of other technologies, considering its hybrid with MPLS, as an example. OpenFlow protocol constitutes the main part of the article. The authors further discuss various kinds of existing libraries realizing programmable management routines for a software defined network using OpenFlow. All of these libraries provide API for building modular applications for software defined network management. Touching on practical side of implementation the results of comparative tests of throughput and latency, achieved with these libraries are shown.Рассматривается понятие программно-конфигурируемой сети. Вначале даётся короткая историческая справка о понятии программно-конфигурируемой сети как научно-технической концепции, кем оно было введено и что означает. Авторы статьи рассматривают технологию программно-конфигурируемых сетей как один из возможных этапов и направлений развития сетевых парадигм в целом, не абсолютизируя роли этой технологии. Наряду с достоинствами отмечаются и недостатки программно-конфигурируемых сетей, рассматриваются возможные варианты развития программно-конфигурируемых сетей в контексте гибридизации с другими технологиями, в частности - гибридизация MPLS и SDN. Значительное внимание уделяется протоколу OpenFlow. В конце статьи рассмотрены существующие библиотеки для программной реализации управления программно-конфигурируемой сетью с использованием протокола OpenFlow. Все эти библиотеки предоставляют API для создания модульных приложений управления программно-конфигурируемыми сетями. Для сравнения производительности библиотек приведены результаты сравнительных тестов по пропускной способности и латентности

Pandemic Politics in Eurasia:Roadmap for a New Research Subfield

© 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. The sudden onset of COVID-19 has challenged many social scientists to proceed without a robust theoretical and empirical foundation upon which to build. Addressing this challenge, particularly as it pertains to Eurasia, our multinational group of scholars draws on past and ongoing research to suggest a roadmap for a new pandemic politics research subfield. Key research questions include not only how states are responding to the new coronavirus, but also reciprocal interactions between the pandemic and society, political economy, regime type, center-periphery relations, and international security. The Foucauldian concept of “biopolitics” holds out particular promise as a theoretical framework

Pandemic Politics in Eurasia:Roadmap for a New Research Subfield

The sudden onset of the coronavirus pandemic has challenged many scholars of the social sciences to proceed in the absence of a robust theoretical research foundation upon which to build. This article seeks to help scholars meet this challenge, particularly as it pertains to Eurasia, through bringing together a multinational group of scholars in order to develop the roadmap for a new pandemic politics research subfield. It begins with a discussion of how states are responding to COVID-19 before moving into an exploration of reciprocal interactions between the pandemic and society, political economy, regime type, center-periphery relations, and international security. Finally, it discusses the potential novel contributions of a theoretical foundation rooted in the Foucauldian concept of “biopolitics.” Ultimately, we hope to spark an ongoing conversation regarding how political science and the social sciences more broadly can be used to understand the impacts of the pandemic and inform policymaking amidst the current and potential future pandemics

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ДЖОУЛЕВА НАГРЕВА В СРЕДЕ COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS

Using the example of thermal processes in a resistor, an algorithm for simulating the Joule heating in a COMSOL Multiphysics environment is shown. The choice of materials and the assignment of their properties for electronic products are considered. The process of creating two-dimensional models of temperature distribution in electronic components of medical electronics is shown.На примере тепловых процессов в резисторе показан алгоритм моделирования Джоулева нагрева в среде COMSOL Multiphysics. Рассмотрен выбор материалов и задание их свойств для изделий электронной техники. Показан процесс создания двухмерных моделей распределения температуры в электронных компонентах средств медицинской электроники

The power of civilizational nationalism in Russian foreign policy making

The article draws upon theories of identity to understand Russian foreign policy towards Ukraine since 2000. The article argues that contemporary Russian foreign policy can be best understood as an articulation of ‘civilizational nationalism’ which relies on the myth of cultural superiority. The focus is on not only treating Russia as an imperial power, but on the cultural claims that this relies upon and its configuration within changing historical ideas of ‘Russianness’. Since the Orange Revolution, Russian presidents have accused Ukraine of following anti-Russian policies. This has been aided by a discourse of ‘civilizational nationalism’ where Ukraine is described as being part of a ‘Greater Russia’, rather than as a sovereign territory. This article analyses how imagined civilization and greatness of Russian culture is driving foreign policy making towards the Ukraine. Rather than an external territory, Ukraine is constructed as a ‘little brother’ which renders interventions legitimate

Border Demarcation, Cross-Border Migration, and Interethnic Hostility in the Russian Far East

The article examines the effects of border dispute resolution and cross-border migration in Primorskii Krai, Russian Federation in the early 2000s on ethnic stereotypes of the Chinese, on Russia-China relations, and on policy preferences toward Chinese migration among the Russian border province population. This is the first statistical comparison of two original opinion surveys designed by the author and carried out by the Institute for History, Anthropology, and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East in 2000 (N=1,010) and 2005 (N=650). Focusing on 387 respondents interviewed in both years, it examines whether and how the same individuals changed their views on Chinese migration after a "treatment" period bookended by the departure of Primorskii's anti-demarcation treaty governor in 2001 and the Russian State Duma's ratification of the Russia-China border treaty in 2005. All statistically significant attitude changes were toward a more positive perception of migration and Russia-China relations. This positive shift was more pronounced among respondents in border counties and among older respondents who had been longer exposed to anti-Chinese official discourses since the Sino-Soviet split in the early 1960s - regardless of per-capita scale of Chinese and Korean migration. In addition, local Russians who visited China more often between 2000 and 2005, but not before 2000, also viewed Chinese migration more positively. These findings provide evidence that formal settlement of border disputes significantly improves immigration attitudes in neighboring states

Blocs, States, and Borderlands : Explaining Russia's Selective Territorial Revisionism

Variation in post-Soviet Russia’s borderland policies challenges empirical findings in International Relations that associate militarized territorial revisionism with economic and demographic incentives and the absence of border settlements. This study offers additional insights from game theory. First, iterated Prisoners’ Dilemma tournaments imply that state territorial value is interactive – i.e., dependent on interaction frequency across groups of states. Second, the collective action logic shows how a revisionist state may discount international constraints by engaging in “corporate raiding” of a status quo powers coalition. Finally, the minimal winning coalitions theory explains why military power may be restricted to producing controlled borderlessness to influence neighbors without territory holding costs. A model integrating these insights and a case study of Russia’s border policies with Georgia and Azerbaijan suggests that the interactive dynamic between the EU and the Eurasian Union could be decisive in shaping and reshaping Eurasia’s interstate borders over the coming decade