58 research outputs found
Megestrol acetate in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer
There are many non-elucidated questions concerning cancer, especially of the
breast, in which hormones are involved. The scope of this particular study
is to bring more clarity on the role of the progestin megestrol acetate in
the hormonal treatment of breast cancer.
It should be kept in mind that this is a clinical study. Biochemical details
mentioned in Chapter I serve primarily as a background for a better
understanding of clinical effects.
The study was done from 1974-1983 and 5 questions have provided the frame
for this thesis:
l. How effective is megestrol acetate in the treatment of metastatic breast
cancer? (Chapter II)
2. What is the role of steroid receptors in the mechanism of action of
megestrol acetate in inducing tumor regression? (Chapter III + IV)
3. Has the effect of megestrol acetate on some endocrine parameters any
relation to tumor regression? What is the optimal dose? (Chapter V)
4. In what sequence of hormonal treatment should megestrol acetate be used?
Is there a difference with regard to the age and/or menopausal state of
the patient? (Chapter VI)
S. Does the combination of megestrol acetate and tamoxifen have any
additional effect on endocrine events; especially can megestrol
acetate-induced hyperprolactinaemia be suppressed by the administration
of tamoxifen? (Chapter VII)
These questions are considered in the general discussion and summar
Weekly low-dose mitoxantrone plus doxorubicin as second-line chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer
Weekly low dose mitoxantrone (3 mg/m2) plus doxorubicin (8 mg/m2) was administered as second-line chemotherapy to 33 patients with advanced breast cancer. Four out of 28 evaluable patients (14%) obtained a partial response with a median duration of 34 weeks (range 18-67+ weeks), while 8 patients (29%) showed stable disease with a median duration of 28 weeks (range 11+-60 weeks). Gastrointestinal toxicity and alopecia were mild. Grade II and III leukopenia occurred in 63% of the courses without serious infectious disease. Four patients experienced an asymptomatic drop of 16-20% in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after relatively low cumulative doses of each drug, and one patient with a history of pericarditis carcinomatosa and mediastinal irradiation developed a heart failure. In conclusion, this second-line combination treatment had moderate activity in breast cancer and caused only few subjective side effects, especially with respect to gastrointestinal symptoms
EBAG9/RCAS1 in human breast carcinoma: a possible factor in endocrine–immune interactions
EBAG9 has been recently identified as an oestrogen responsive gene in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. EBAG9 is identical to RCAS1, a cancer cell surface antigen possibly involved in immune escape. In this study, we examined the expression of EBAG9/RCAS1 in human breast carcinomas using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). EBAG9 immunoreactivity was also associated with various clinicopathological parameters, including intratumoural infiltration of inflammatory cells, to examine the biological significance of EBAG9 in human breast carcinomas. EBAG9 immunoreactivity was detected in the entire surface and cytoplasm of carcinoma cells in 82 out of 91 invasive ductal carcinomas (90.1%). In non-neoplastic mammary glands, EBAG9 immunoreactivity was weakly present on the luminal surface of epithelial cells. Results from RT-PCR (n = 7) were consistent with those of immunohistochemistry. EBAG9 immunoreactivity was significantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER) α labelling index (P = 0.0081), and inversely associated with the degree of intratumoural infiltration of mononuclear cells (P = 0.0020), or CD3+ T lymphocytes (P = 0.0025). This study suggests that EBAG9 is produced via ER in carcinoma cells and inhibits the intratumoural infiltration of T lymphocytes in the context of a possible endocrine–immune interaction in human breast carcinomas. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co
Appetite stimulants use in cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease. It affects multiple body organs. The lungs and pancreas are the most affected which results in progressive lung damage and pancreatic insufficiency. Due to the disease process, CF patients require significantly higher caloric intake than recommended for other individuals. The nutritional goal for CF patients is to achieve normal growth and development and, once genetic potential is reached, to maintain good nutritional status throughout life. Evidence has shown that lung function is closely associated with nutritional status in CF and that nutritional status is an independent predictor of survival. Most CF patients are on a high calorie diet to help achieve normal growth and development and maintain good lung function. Inadequate caloric intake in CF can lead to malnutrition. Malnutrition in CF requires careful, multidisciplinary history taking, physical exam, and overall patient/family assessment. Only by determining the actual cause of the malnutrition can appropriate and safe therapies be used to treat it. Appetite stimulants, although efficacious in treating malnutrition in CF, should only be prescribed if decreased food intake secondary to inadequate appetite is the principal cause of the malnutrition and all other contributing factors have been assessed, ruled-out or treated. In this review, we attempted to summarize the use of several appetite stimulants used in CF and other diseases to improve appetite and maximize caloric intake. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:209–219. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57930/1/20766_ftp.pd
The influence of long-term treatment with megestrol acetate or tamoxifen on the nutritional status of advanced breast cancer patients
Endocrine effects of the combination of megestrol acetate and tamoxifen in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer
Endocrine effects of Aminoglutethimide (Ag) plus Hydrocortisone (HC) versus high dose of hydrocortisone in postmenopausal breast cancer
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