The formation of a risk management system for projects in the field of aquaculture innovative development in the Kaliningrad region: a case study

This article sets out to develop the concept and the principal scheme of the formation of a risk management system for innovative economic development projects in the field of aquaculture. The research carried out by the authors helps identify the main problems and characteristics of risk management projects for the development of aquaculture in presentday Russia. The authors outline the status and features of aquaculture development projects in the North-western federal district and the Kaliningrad region. The article formulates and justifies the concept of “risk management projects in innovative development of aquaculture in the region” focusing on the classification of aquaculture risks in relation to innovative development projects, which expands the conceptual framework of risk management in view of the specific risks relating to economic development projects in the field of aquaculture. The authors characterize modern methods and approaches to risk management projects and organizations in the context of their application in the framework of aquaculture development projects and offer mechanisms for risk management of aquaculture development projects, which make it possible to include risk management activity in the general context of activities of parent project organizations. The authors develop the concept and principal scheme of the formation of risk management system for innovative development projects in aquaculture

Equipment for the Production of Wood-Polymeric Thermal Insulation Materials

This article presents developed pilot-plant equipment for slabby patterns of wood- filled polyurethane foam insulation material and its specifications are presented. Based on the results of experimental studies of pilot models the allowable range of equipment's technological parameters was defined

New records of Holocene polar bear and walrus (Carnivora) in the Russian Arctic

This article discusses recent finds of Holocene polar bear and walrus from the northern regions of Russia. The ulna of a polar bear was found on Vaygach Island and radiocarbon dated to 1,971 +/- 25 BP (OxA-23631). This calibrates to 430-540 AD, taking into account the marine reservoir effect. The size of the bone is similar to that of a recent Ursus maritimus. The locality of the fossil bone is within the modern species range, which developed about two millennia ago. In 2014 a walrus tusk was found on the coast of New Siberia Island and is radiocarbon dated to 5,065 +/- 35 BP (GrA-62452). This calibrates to 3,510-3,370 BC, taking into account the marine reservoir effect. Its size and morphology are identical to that of an adult male of the subspecies Odobenus rosmarus laptevi. This subspecies populates the eastern parts of the Kara Sea, the entire Laptev Sea and the western parts of the East Siberian Sea. This new discovery could mean that populations of O. rosmarus laptevi inhabited the waters near the New Siberian Islands during the Middle Holocene, and that the present-day coastline of the Siberian Arctic Islands was already formed at that time

Ion implantation in β-Ga2O3 : Physics and technology

Gallium oxide, and in particular its thermodynamically stable β-Ga2O3 phase, is within the most exciting materials in research and technology nowadays due to its unique properties. The very high breakdown electric field and the figure of merit rivaled only by diamond have tremendous potential for the next generation “green” electronics enabling efficient distribution, use, and conversion of electrical energy. Ion implantation is a traditional technological method used in these fields, and its well-known advantages can contribute greatly to the rapid development of physics and technology of Ga2O3-based materials and devices. Here, the status of ion implantation in β-Ga2O3 nowadays is reviewed. Attention is mainly paid to the results of experimental study of damage under ion irradiation and the properties of Ga2O3 layers doped by ion implantation. The results of ab initio theoretical calculations of the impurities and defect parameters are briefly presented, and the physical principles of a number of analytical methods used to study implanted gallium oxide layers are highlighted. The use of ion implantation in the development of Ga2O3-based devices, such as metal oxide field-effect transistors, Schottky barrier diodes, and solar-blind UV detectors, is described together with systematical analysis of the achieved values of their characteristics. Finally, the most important challenges to be overcome in this field of science and technology are discussed

Soluble Cyanobacterial Carotenoprotein as a Robust Antioxidant Nanocarrier and Delivery Module

To counteract oxidative stress, antioxidants including carotenoids are highly promising, yet their exploitation is drastically limited by the poor bioavailability and fast photodestruction, whereas current delivery systems are far from being efficient. Here we demonstrate that the recently discovered nanometer-sized water-soluble carotenoprotein from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (termed AnaCTDH) transiently interacts with liposomes to efficiently extract carotenoids via carotenoid-mediated homodimerization, yielding violet–purple protein samples. We characterize the spectroscopic properties of the obtained pigment–protein complexes and the thermodynamics of liposome–protein carotenoid transfer and demonstrate the delivery of carotenoid echinenone from AnaCTDH into liposomes with an efficiency of up to 70 ± 3%. Most importantly, we show efficient carotenoid delivery to membranes of mammalian cells, which provides protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Incubation of neuroblastoma cell line Tet21N in the presence of 1 μM AnaCTDH binding echinenone decreased antimycin A ROS production by 25% (p < 0.05). The described carotenoprotein may be considered as part of modular systems for the targeted antioxidant delivery.BMBF, 01DJ15007, Carotenoidbindende photoschaltbare Proteine: Lichtinduzierte Dynamik und Anwendungen in modernen mikroskopischen Verfahre

Fully human agonist antibodies to TrkB using autocrine cell-based selection from a combinatorial antibody library

The diverse physiological roles of the neurotrophin family have long prompted exploration of their potential as therapeutic agents for nerve injury and neurodegenerative diseases. To date, clinical trials of one family member, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have disappointingly failed to meet desired endpoints. Contributing to these failures is the fact that BDNF is pharmaceutically a nonideal biologic drug candidate. It is a highly charged, yet is a net hydrophobic molecule with a low molecular weight that confers a short t1/2 in man. To circumvent these shortcomings of BDNF as a drug candidate, we have employed a function-based cellular screening assay to select activating antibodies of the BDNF receptor TrkB from a combinatorial human short-chain variable fragment antibody library. We report here the successful selection of several potent TrkB agonist antibodies and detailed biochemical and physiological characterization of one such antibody, ZEB85. By using a human TrkB reporter cell line and BDNF-responsive GABAergic neurons derived from human ES cells, we demonstrate that ZEB85 is a full agonist of TrkB, comparable in potency to BDNF toward human neurons in activation of TrkB phosphorylation, canonical signal transduction, and mRNA transcriptional regulation

The Dysregulation of Polyamine Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer Is Associated with Overexpression of c-Myc and C/EBP β

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. It is well known that the chronic inflammation can promote the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, a number of studies revealed a potential association between colorectal inflammation, cancer progression, and infection caused by enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF). Bacterial enterotoxin activates spermine oxidase (SMO), which produces spermidine and H2O2 as byproducts of polyamine catabolism, which, in turn, enhances inflammation and tissue injury. Using qPCR analysis, we estimated the expression of SMOX gene and ETBF colonization in CRC patients. We found no statistically significant associations between them. Then we selected genes involved in polyamine metabolism, metabolic reprogramming, and inflammation regulation and estimated their expression in CRC. We observed overexpression of SMOX, ODC1, SRM, SMS, MTAP, c-Myc, C/EBPβ (CREBP), and other genes. We found that two mediators of metabolic reprogramming, inflammation, and cell proliferation c-Myc and C/EBPβ may serve as regulators of polyamine metabolism genes (SMOX, AZIN1, MTAP, SRM, ODC1, AMD1, and AGMAT) as they are overexpressed in tumors, have binding site according to ENCODE ChIP-Seq data, and demonstrate strong coexpression with their targets. Thus, increased polyamine metabolism in CRC could be driven by c-Myc and C/EBPβ rather than ETBF infection

HOW SKRADIN LIBERATED ITSELF FROM THE SUPREMACY OF THE PRINCES OF BRIBIR

By using the example of Skradin, the author discloses how the princes of Bribir deliberately aided Croatin cities to obtain their civil liberties. Thus Prince Paul of Bribir, the civil governor of Croatia and Dalmatia had, probably in 1284, permitted the inhabitants of Bribir – againts an annual tax of only 2,600 livres – to buy themselves off their condition of servitude, towards the lord and to administer themselves the most important revenues of the commune

Yb,Er:glass Microlaser at 1.5 µm for optical fiber sensing: development, characterization and noise reduction

A fiber-pumped single-frequency microchip erbium laser was developed and characterized with the aim of using it in coherent Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) measurements and sensing. The laser is pumped by a fiber-coupled 976 nm laser diode and provides 8 mW TEM00 single frequency output power at 1.54 µm wavelength, suitable for efficient coupling to optical fibers. The amplitude and phase noise of this 200 THz oscillator were experimentally investigated and a Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) control loop was developed providing 27 dB RIN peak reduction at the relaxation oscillation frequency of 800 kH

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК КРЕМНИЯ, ОСАЖДАЕМЫХ МАГНЕТРОННЫМ РАСПЫЛЕНИЕМ

The surface morphology and optical properties of Si coatings formed by magnetron sputtering were studied using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and spectrophotometry methods. The possibility to influence the surface morphology of coating (filamentous structures and/or round holes) and the location of maxima and minima in reflectance and transmittance via a controllable variation of magnetron sputtering regimes (substrate temperature and bias potential) is shown. Методами атомно-силовой и сканирующей электронной микроскопии, а также спектрофотометрии исследованы морфология поверхности и оптические характеристики тонких Si-покрытий, сформированных методом магнетронного распыления. Показано, что при контролируемой вариации технологических параметров магнетронного распыления таких, как температура подложки и потенциал смещения, можно менять морфологию поверхности пленок Si. Для некоторых режимов осаждения обнаружено появление на поверхности нитевидных структур и/или круглых углублений, изменения положения минимумов и максимумов в оптических спектрах отражения и пропускания.