3,894 research outputs found
Excitations and phase segregation in a two component Bose-Einstein condensate
Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations and the excitation spectrum of a
two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) are derived with an arbitrary
interaction between bosons, including long-range and short range forces. The
nonconverting BEC mixture segregates into two phases for some two-body
interactions. Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equations are solved for the phase
segregated BEC. A possibility of boundary-surface and other localised
excitations is studied.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure
An infinitesimally nonrigid polyhedron with nonstationary volume in the Lobachevsky 3-space
We give an example of an infinitesimally nonrigid polyhedron in the
Lobachevsky 3-space and construct an infinitesimal flex of that polyhedron such
that the volume of the polyhedron isn't stationary under the flex.Comment: 10 pages, 2 Postscript figure
Nonnegative/binary matrix factorization with a D-Wave quantum annealer
D-Wave quantum annealers represent a novel computational architecture and
have attracted significant interest, but have been used for few real-world
computations. Machine learning has been identified as an area where quantum
annealing may be useful. Here, we show that the D-Wave 2X can be effectively
used as part of an unsupervised machine learning method. This method can be
used to analyze large datasets. The D-Wave only limits the number of features
that can be extracted from the dataset. We apply this method to learn the
features from a set of facial images
Enhanced stability of bound pairs at nonzero lattice momenta
A two-body problem on the square lattice is analyzed. The interaction
potential consists of strong on-site repulsion and nearest-neighbor attraction.
Exact pairing conditions are derived for s-, p-, and d-symmetric bound states.
The pairing conditions are strong functions of the total pair momentum K. It is
found that the stability of pairs increases with K. At weak attraction, the
pairs do not form at the -point but stabilize at lattice momenta close
to the Brillouin zone boundary. The phase boundaries in the momentum space,
which separate stable and unstable pairs are calculated. It is found that the
pairs are formed easier along the direction than along the
direction. This might lead to the appearance of ``hot pairing
spots" on the Kx and Ky axes.Comment: 7 RevTEX pages, 5 figure
The "normal" state of superconducting cuprates might really be normal after all
High magnetic field studies of cuprate superconductors revealed a non-BCS
temperature dependence of the upper critical field determined
resistively by several groups.
These determinations caused some doubts on the grounds of both the
contrasting effect of the magnetic field on the in-plane and out-of-plane
resistances reported for large Bi2212 sample and the large Nernst signal
\emph{well above} .
Here we present both and of tiny Bi2212 crystals
in magnetic fields up to 50 Tesla.
None of our measurements revealed a situation when on the field increase
reaches its maximum while remains very small if not zero.
The resistive %upper critical fields estimated from the in-plane and
out-of-plane estimated from and are
approximately the same. Our results support any theory of cuprates that
describes the state above the resistive phase transition as perfectly normal
with a zero off-diagonal order parameter. In particular, the anomalous Nernst
effect above the resistive phase transition in high- cuprates can be
described quantitatively as a normal state phenomenon in a model with itinerant
and localised fermions and/or charged bosons
Legislating for universal access to medicines : a rights-based cross-national comparison of UHC laws in 16 countries
Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to ensure that all people have access to health services including essential medicines without risking financial hardship. Yet, in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) inadequate UHC fails to ensure universal access to medicines and protect the poor and vulnerable against catastrophic spending in the event of illness. A human rights approach to essential medicines in national UHC legislation could remedy these inequities. This study identifies and compares legal texts from national UHC legislation that promote universal access to medicines in the legislation of 16 mostly LMICs: Algeria, Chile, Colombia, Ghana, Indonesia, Jordan, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Philippines, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Turkey, Tunisia and Uruguay. The assessment tool was developed based on WHO's policy guidelines for essential medicines and international human rights law; it consists of 12 principles in three domains: legal rights and obligations, good governance, and technical implementation. Relevant legislation was identified, mapped, collected and independently assessed by multi-disciplinary, multi-lingual teams. Legal rights and State obligations toward medicines are frequently codified in UHC law, while most good governance principles are less common. Some technical implementation principles are frequently embedded in national UHC law (i.e. pooled user contributions and financial coverage for the vulnerable), while others are infrequent (i.e. sufficient government financing) to almost absent (i.e. seeking international assistance and cooperation). Generally, upper-middle and high-income countries tended to embed explicit rights and obligations with clear boundaries, and universal mechanisms for accountability and redress in domestic law while less affluent countries took different approaches. This research presents national law makers with both a checklist and a wish list for legal reform for access to medicines, as well as examples of legal texts. It may support goal 7 of the WHO Medicines & Health Products Strategic Programme 2016-30 to develop model legislation for medicines reimbursement
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