Bringing Augmented Reality for learning in dentistry

[ES] En los últimos años hemos sido testigos de avances tecnológicos significativos en los dispositivos móviles. Son cada vez más indispensables en nuestras vidas. El concepto de Realidad Aumentada (RA) puede ser considerado un puente entre lo real y lo digital en nuestras vidas. El sistema que proponemos en este trabajo de fin de máster tiene la intención de proporcionar un mejor conocimiento de la morfología dental a los estudiantes, utilizando una interfaz fácil e intuitiva basada en RA. Este trabajo de fin de máster es el resultado de la colaboración entre el Instituto de Automática e Informática Industrial, más conocido como el Instituto ai2, y el Centro de Formación de grado superior Folguera-Vicent. En esta tesina presentamos, por primera vez, un sistema móvil de Realidad Aumentada que hemos desarrollado para el aprendizaje de la morfología dental y ha sido probado por estudiantes. Un caso de estudio nos ayuda a demostrar la contribución de nuestro sistema en el entorno educativo, el aumento en la motivación y el aprendizaje de los usuarios. La investigación que se describe en este trabajo de fin de máster utiliza métodos de evaluación cualitativa, utilizando cinco cuestionarios. Los resultados obtenidos son muy prometedores. A partir del análisis de los datos, podemos observar que ARDental es fácil de usar y la aceptación entre los estudiantes es alta. Este método abre nuevas oportunidades para el aprendizaje, los estudiantes pueden estudiar en cualquier momento y en cualquier lugar, no sólo en el aula.[EN] In the last years we have witnessed significant technological advances on the mobile devices. They are become increasingly indispensable in our lives. The Augmented Reality (AR) concept can be considered a bridge between real and digital in our lives. The system which we propose in this master thesis intends to provide a better understanding of dental anatomy, using a friendly and intuitive interface based on AR. This master thesis is the result of collaboration between the University Institute of Control Systems and Industrial Computing, better known as the ai2 Institute, and Folguera Vicent Dental Prosthesis School. We present in this master thesis, for the first time, a mobile and AR system which has been developed for learning dentistry and has been tested with students. A case study helps us to demonstrate the contribution of our system to the educational environment, increasing the motivation and understanding levels of the users. The research outlined in this master thesis uses qualitative assessment methods, assembled around a series of five questionnaires. The obtained results are very promising. From the data analysis, we can see that ARDental is easy to use and the acceptance among students is high. This method opens new opportunities for learning, students can study anytime, anywhere, not just in the classroomAlexandrescu, L. (2013). Bringing Augmented Reality for learning in dentistry. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/35847Archivo delegad

A Mobile Augmented Reality System for the Learning of Dental Morphology

[EN] Three-dimensional models are important when the learning content is difficult to acquire from 2D images or other traditional methods. This is the case for learning dental morphology. In this paper, we present a mobile augmented reality (AR) system for learning dental morphology. A study with students was carried out to determine whether learning outcomes were greater using the AR system or following a video session that was recorded in a real class. Other aspects were also considered. Thirty-eight undergraduate students, 6 Master's students and 11 employees of the center (most of them lecturers) participated in the study. The analysis about the acquired knowledge indicates that the students increased their knowledge using the two methods. When the post-knowledge scores for the two methods were compared, no statistically significant differences were found. Therefore, the AR system could be used as an effective transmitter of knowledge. The rest of the questions, which all of the participants answered, indicated that they were highly satisfied with the AR system, they considered the AR system to be very easy to use, and they would like to use it for dental learning. Moreover, as a mobile AR system, it could facilitate versatility in the learning process.Juan, M.; Alexandrescu, L.; Folguera, F.; García García, I. (2016). A Mobile Augmented Reality System for the Learning of Dental Morphology. Digital Education Review. (30):234-247. https://doi.org/10.1344/der.2016.30.234-247S2342473

Introducción a una nueva dimensión en la morfología dentaria: ARDental (Realidad Aumentada Dental)

[EN] In this paper, we present the Augmented Reality (AR), a new technology that is causing a revolution in the way of perceiving the physical environment around us. Moreover, we introduce ARDental (figure 1), which is a new AR application in the dental area developed by the «University Institute of Control Systems and Industrial Computing (ai2)» of the «Technical University of Valencia (UPV)» and the «The Center of igher Vocational Training Folguera-Vicent». This application is aimed to the dental teaching field. It ombines real and virtual elements, it is interactive and the models are in 3D. The 3D models are very important when the learning contents are very difficult to be acquired through 2D images or other classical teaching methods. This is the situation of the dental speciality. By these reasons, this application will make easy the learning of contents and will improve the students skills with the help of a technology which will result natural and intuitive for them.Folguera Arbas, F.; Juan, M.; Herrero, A.; Alexandrescu, L. (2013). Introducción a una nueva dimensión en la morfología dentaria: ARDental (Realidad Aumentada Dental). Gaceta Dental. (252):200-209. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/136402S20020925

Current management and surgical advances in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease and the most frequent primary cardiomyopathy, affecting 1:500 of the general population. Integrated multimodality imaging, including transthoracic echocardiography, 2- and 3‑dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, stress echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance, has provided answers to questions on the management of HCM, leading to standardized protocols. The late 1990s brought the news of a nonsurgical treatment of obstruction in HCM. It is now increasingly evident that septal ablation cannot address all the mechanisms of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient, especially mitral valve involvement. According to American and European guidelines, surgical septal myectomy is the current gold standard treatment. However, deep septal myectomy requires specific operator and institutional experience; therefore, it should not be performed in small community hospitals but only in centers of excellence for HCM treatment. The so-called Ferrazzi technique involves cutting the fibrotic secondary chordae of the mitral valve (MV) and thus helps avoid a deep myectomy by moving the anterior mitral leaflet and the coaptation point of the MV posteriorly away from the septum. This technique, together with careful mobilization of the papillary muscles, helped us achieve excellent results since November 2015, with no mortality, resolution of the LVOT gradient, and MV preservation in all 72 patients. Owing to recent advances in the surgical treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, addressing not only the septum but also the MV, the procedure of a deep myectomy has been simplified and mitral regurgitation adequately corrected

Gut Microbiota Signatures in Colorectal Cancer as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker in the Future: A Systematic Review

The gut microbiota has acquired significant attention in recent years for its potential as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this literature review, we looked at the studies exploring alterations in gut microbiota composition associated with CRC, the potential mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to CRC development, and the diagnostic approaches utilizing gut microbiota analysis. Our research has led to the conclusion that individuals with CRC often display alterations in their gut microbiota composition compared to healthy individuals. These alterations can include changes in the diversity, abundance, and type of bacteria present in the gut. While the use of gut microbiota as a diagnostic biomarker for CRC holds promise, further research is needed to validate its effectiveness and standardize testing protocols. Additionally, considerations such as variability in the microbiota composition among individuals and potential factors must be addressed before microbiota-based tests can be widely implemented in clinical practice

Transaortic Shallow Septal Myectomy and Cutting of Secondary Fibrotic Mitral Valve Chordae—A 5-Year Single-Center Experience in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy

Background: Anomalies of the mitral apparatus have been shown to contribute to left ventricular outflow obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We report our 5-year single-center experience with a shallow myectomy procedure associated with transaortic mitral valve repair in a cohort of HCM patients. Methods: We studied 83 consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment of symptomatic left ventricular outflow obstruction. In all study patients, a transaortic shallow septal myectomy was performed. Fibrous or muscular structures connecting the papillary muscles to the septum or free wall were resected, and fibrotic secondary chordae of the anterior mitral valve were cut selectively. Results: We report one death (1.2%) during hospitalization, no iatrogenic ventricular septal defects, and two (2.4%) mitral valve replacements. At discharge, no patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III/IV, from 49 (59%) preoperatively. Mean maximal septal thickness decreased from 24 ± 6 to 16 ± 3 mm. Mean outflow gradient decreased from 93 ± 33 to 13 ± 11 mmHg. Grade 3 or 4 mitral regurgitation was noticed in one patient postoperatively, from 32 (39%) before surgery. Conclusions: Shallow septal myectomy associated with secondary mitral valve chordal cutting and papillary muscle mobilization provided excellent results offering adequate treatment of outflow obstruction